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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollen selection — past, present and future (1996)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 9 (1996), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Pollen selection ; Pollen selection models ; Pollen/style interactions ; Pollen/pollen interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A series of studies, recently reviewed, has established that approximately 60% of the structural genes which are expressed in the sporophytic portion of the angiosperm life cycle are also expressed and exposed to selection in the pollen. Given the haploidy and large population sizes of pollen grains, a substantial portion of the sporophytic genome could thus be periodically exposed to a bacterial type of mass screening. This extraordinary possibility is often subject to some skepticism which may, of course, be justified. However, recent attempts to apply models appear to be inappropriate in this context, in part because these attempts overlook an important source of genetic variation, and also because they assume fixed values for selection and fitness. More recently, studies of pollen/pollen interactions have suggested that what Linskens termed the “programic phase” may represent an arena for important, and largely unexplored phenomena, some of which are discussed here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441955
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollen selection – past, present and future (1996)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 9 (1996), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Pollen selection ; Pollen selection models ; Pollen/style interactions ; Pollen/pollen interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A series of studies, recently reviewed, has established that approximately 60% of the structural genes which are expressed in the sporophytic portion of the angiosperm life cycle are also expressed and exposed to selection in the pollen. Given the haploidy and large population sizes of pollen grains, a substantial portion of the sporophytic genome could thus be periodically exposed to a bacterial type of mass screening. This extraordinary possibility is often subject to some skepticism which may, of course, be justified. However, recent attempts to apply models appear to be inappropriate in this context, in part because these attempts overlook an important source of genetic variation, and also because they assume fixed values for selection and fitness. More recently, studies of pollen/pollen interactions have suggested that what Linskens termed the ”programic phase” may represent an arena for important, and largely unexplored phenomena, some of which are discussed here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050055
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental expression of glutathione-S-transferase in maize and its possible connection with herbicide tolerance (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 67 (1993), S. 221-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Zea mays ; glutathione-S-transferase ; glutathione ; herbicide tolerance ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Crop improvement for tolerance to specific herbicides is an important breeding target, since molecules performing well with regard to environmental safety are frequently not completely selective for crops. The glutathione (GSH)/glutathione-S-transferase (GST) system is a general mechanism of detoxification that in higher plants may confer tolerance to some herbicides. GSH level and GST activity were measured in different maize inbred lines, in the absence or in the presence of EPTC (a thiocarbamate) and of Alachlor (a chloroacetanilide); a wide genetic variability was observed for these parameters, which appear to be involved in plant tolerance to herbicides. Isozyme analysis was performed on roots, leaves, scutellum, pollen, coleoptile, mesocotyl of the same inbreds: it revealed the presence of many GST forms in maize, showing high polymorphism; they are controlled by at least five genes, the expression of which is developmentally regulated in the different tissues analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040624
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for pollen thermotolerance detected in maize (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 245 (1994), S. 424-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Pollen thermotolerance ; Maize ; Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pollen thermotolerance is an important component of the adaptability of crops to high temperature stress. The tolerance level of the different genotypes in a population of 45 maize recombinant inbred lines was determined as the degree of injury caused by high temperature to pollen germinability (IPGG) and pollen tube growth (IPTG) in an in vitro assay. Both traits revealed quantitative variability and high heritability. The traits were genetically dissected by the analysis of molecular markers using 184 mapped restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Significant genetic correlation between the markers and the trait allowed us to identify a minimum number of five quatitative trait loci (QTLs) for IPGG and six QTLs for IPTG. Their chromosomal localization indicated that the two characters are controlled by different sets of genes. In addition, IPGG and IPTG were shown to be basically independent of the pollen germination ability and pollen tube growth rate under non-stress conditions. These results are discussed in relation to their possible utilization in a breeding strategy for the improvement of thermotolerance in maize.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302254
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic dissection of herbicide tolerance in maize by molecular markers (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 481-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Alachlor ; herbicide tolerance ; maize ; RFLP ; SSR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In order to detect the genetic architecture of maize tolerance to Alachlor, a widely used chloroacetanilide, linkage analysis between the expression of the trait and allelic composition of molecular markers was performed. The experiment was carried out on a population of 142 recombinant inbred lines, developed starting from the F1 between two lines with different reactivity to the herbicide, and self-fertilized for 10 generations; the lines were typed by 48 RFLP markers and 66 microsatellites (SSR). Besides seedling tolerance, evaluated as proportion of normal (non-injured) plants after herbicide treatment, other minor components of tolerance were studied: seed germination ability, pollen germination and tube growth in the presence of the herbicide. The analysis, performed by three statistical methods, revealed the presence of factors controlling seedling tolerance on seven chromosomal regions. Five QTLs appeared to be involved in seed germination ability in the presence of Alachlor, four QTLs in pollen tolerance in terms of germination and four in tube growth under stress were detected. Three loci, on chromosomes 1, 7 and 10, explained most of the variation of seedling tolerance, thus being interesting candidate for marker-assisted selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009631301428
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereological analysis of collagen and elastic fibers in the normal human dermis: Variability with age, sex, and body region (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 238 (1994), S. 153-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Human dermis ; Collagen fibers ; Elastic fibers ; Morphometric analysis ; Aging ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Normal human dermis has been analyzed using sterological methods to estimate the quantitative modifications of collagen and elastic fibers in relation to age, sex, and body region. Forty-five skin biopsies from the trunk or the limbs of 26 males and 19 females of different age were fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide and embedded in epoxy resin. The relative volumes of collagen and elastic fibers were calculated by the point counting method on 1 μm semithin sections. Photographic sampling was performed on four consecutive dermis layers: the papillary layer and three consecutive layers of reticular dermis. The data were subjected to analysis of variance which showed that all the factors studied exert a significant influence on the relative amounts of collagen and elastic fibers. The fractional volume of collagen fibers is constant throughout all dermis layers analyzed and is always higher in females than in males, except for the second and third decades of life. Collagen fiber density increases with age in both sexes up to 30-40 years, when it starts decreasing. Both the relative volumes and the diameters of elastic fibers increase from papillary to deep reticular dermis. In reticular dermis of both sexes there is an increment of elastic fiber density in the first decade of life, followed by a drop particularly marked in males. After 20 years, the relative volume of elastic fibers displays a decreasing trend in females, whereas it increases in males, attaining the highest values beyond the 40s. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092380202
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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