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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Biological monitoring ; Organophosphorus insecticides ; Urinary alkylphosphates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Biological monitoring was carried out by assaying urinary dimethylated alkylphosphates [dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP), dimethylthio-phosphate (DMTP), and dimethylphosphate (DMP)] in 11 workers exposed to chlorpyrifos-methyl and azinphosmethyl during operations in a previously sprayed peach orchard. The subjects were divided into groups on the basis of the protective clothing worn. The results were compared with those of a reference group of 99 subjects not occupationally exposed to organophosphorus insecticides. The hand-wash liquid of the workers was also analyzed to evaluate skin contamination. Significantly higher levels of urinary excretion of alkylphosphates were found in all groups than in unexposed controls (Student's t test). A good correlation was found between quantities of the active ingredients on the hands and urinary excretion of total dimethylated alkylphosphates (r = 0.788) and of DMTP (r = 0.749) and DMP (r = 0.790) alone. The correlation between azinphos-methyl on the hands and urinary excretion of DMDTP was poor (r = 0.069). Under the working conditions investigated, the main route of absorption seems to be via the skin. Respiratory absorption, however, also appears significant in view of the difference in urinary excretion of dimethylated alkylphosphates found between subjects with and without face masks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Shoe-makers' polyneuropathy ; neurotoxic solvents ; n-hexane polyneuropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Sono stati studiati numerosi casi di polineuropatia dovuta ad esposizione professionale a solventi industriali in diversi calzaturifici della provincia di Siena. Lo screening di 654 lavoratori ha permesso di identificare 98 casi di polineurite, di cui 16 gravi, 45 di media gravità e 37 senza sintomi neurologici obiettivi ma con le caratteristiche alterazioni elettrodiagnostiche. La studio longitudinale di 53 pazienti ha dimostrato che la sintomatologia neurologica sia soggettiva che obiettiva cosi come le alterazioni elettrodiagnostiche continuano per anni in numerosi pazienti. Inoltre, dopo alcuni anni di osservazione, alcuni pazienti mostrano segni di interessamento del SNC come spasticità ed iperreflessia. In tutti i campioni di colle e di solventi utilizzati sia dai lavoratori a domicilio sia nelle fabbriche dove si sono verificati casi di polineurite, è stata trovata un'alta percentuale di esano commerciale.
    Notes: Abstract Cases of polyneuropathy due to exposure to industrial solvents have been studied at several shoe factories in the province of Siena. After the screening of 654 employees 98 verified cases were detected. Of these, 16 were rated as moderate to severe, 45 as mild, and 37 were minimally involved but with characteristic electrodiagnostic abnormalities. Follow-up study in 53 patients showed that neurological signs and symptoms as well as electrodiagnostic abnormalities continued for years in several patients. In addition, after a year's observation, some patients showed signs of central nervous system dysfunction such as spasticity of the lower limbs and increased deep tendon reflexes. High percentages of commercial n-hexane were found in all the samples of glues and solvents collected from home-workers and from factories where cases of polyneuropathy occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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