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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polarization profiles of polyvinylidene fluoride films polarized by a focused electron beam (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 269-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The depth profiles of the polarization in films of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as well as in vinylidene-fluoride–trifluoroethylene (VDF-TrFE) copolymer films polarized by a focused electron beam were investigated using the piezoelectrically generated pressure step method. The dominant polarization exhibits a broad maximum inside the film. The position of this maximum depends not only on the energy of the incident electrons but also on the material parameters of the sample. Close to the surface exposed to the electron beam we have in addition observed a small secondary maximum of opposite polarization (amounting to about 1 mC/m2). A qualitative model is presented for the poling of films of PVDF and its copolymers with TrFE by focused electron beam accounting for most of the observed features. The application of electron beams for the poling of ferroelectric films allows the production of piezoelectric bimorphs. By using a well-focused electron beam also ferroelectric domains of very small lateral dimensions can be created which could become important for ferroelectric data storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342536
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of stereotyped gibbon calls (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 312 (1984), S. 634-636 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Great-calls are the most spectacular sounds in the repertoires of gibbons. They are sung by females at intervals of 2-4 min during morning song bouts, and last approximately 14-24s. In most species, females are accompanied by their mates in a ritualized duet14"20; in a few species, females sing ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/312634a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific Helicobacter pylori Antigens Unable to Distinguish Nonulcer Dyspepsia or Peptic Ulcer Cases from Asymptomatic Seropositive Controls: (2000)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 45 (2000), S. 2444-2450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: H. pylori ; nonulcer dyspepsia ; CagA ; VacA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated in a large industrial population the antibody response to specific H. pylori antigens (CagA and seven others) in relation to peptic ulcer and nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD). The two groups consisted of 37 and 39 employees, respectively, with endoscopically proven peptic ulcer and NUD. Age- and gender-matched controls were H. pylori seropositive employees without abdominal complaints or history of ulcer disease. IgG antibodies against CagA and other antigens were analyzed by western immunoblot. Relative percentages of CagA-positive individuals were 89 and 76% for ulcer cases and their controls (P = 0.22) and 77% and 74% for NUD cases and their controls. The corresponding percentages of VacA-positive individuals were 87 and 76% for ulcer cases and controls and 64% and 77% for NUD cases and controls, respectively. Analysis of other H. pylori-specific antigens was not particularly helpful in discriminating between symptomatic and asymptomatic seropositive individuals for either disease group. In conclusion, assessment of IgG response against specific H. pylori antigens was not predictive of peptic ulcer or NUD case status in this active employee population and would not appear to be useful in routine clinical practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005663630380
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave dielectric behavior of PVDF and VDF-TrFE copolymer (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 91 (1993), S. 229-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the temperature dependent microwave dielectric permittivity of PVDF and 60%–40% VDF-TrFE copolymer are presented. A cavity perturbation method is used. At room temperature a surprisingly high absorption of microwave power is observed, which decreases with decreasing temperature. This behavior seems to be connected with the ferroelectric-to-para-electric phase transition. With the copolymers a dependence of the complex permittivity on annealing temperature is found. A model considering paraelectric fluctuations is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01315240
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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