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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 30 (1970), S. 93-96 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 33 (1971), S. 77-87 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Studies were performed for the preparation of component-specific hyperimmune sera with Coxsackie-and ECHO viruses. The sera were tested against C and D components prepared in a cesium chloride density gradient. Guinea pigs immunized with Frigen-treated Coxsackie-and ECHO virus antigens formed complement fixing C and D antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. When antigens were heated for 10 minutes at 60° C only complement fixing C antibodies were formed by Coxsackie virus B4 and B5. Coxsackie virus A9 and ECHO virus 9 induced complement fixing D/C antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. Even if antigens were heated to 64° C, no monoreaktive C antibodies were formed. Replication of Coxsackie viruses in guinea pigs could be excluded. Studies were made as to the production of monoreactive anti-C hyperimmune sera after application of isolated C antigen. Coxsackie virus A9 and B4 as well as poliovirus type 1 induced the production of complement fixing D/C antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. Noninfectious C antigen of Coxsackie virus A9 reacted similarly. The possible reasons for this behaviour are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über Versuche zur Gewinnung komponentenspezifischer Hyperimmunseren von Coxsackie- und ECHO-Viren berichtet. Die Prüfung der Seren erfolgte mit C- und D-Antigenen aus dem CsCl-Gradienten. Mit frigenbehandelten Coxsackie- und ECHO-Virusantigenen immunisierte Meerschweinchen bildeten komplementbindende C- und D-Antikörper sowie neutralisierende Antikörper. Wurden die Antigene 10 Minuten auf 60°C erhitzt, so kam es nach Immunisierung mit Coxsackievirus B4 und B5 ausschließlich zur Entwicklung komplementbindender C-Antikörper. Coxsackievirus A9 und ECHO-Virus 9 riefen komplementbindende D/C-Antikörper und neutralisierende Antikörper hervor. Auch nach Erhitzen der Antigene auf 64°C wurden keine monoreaktiven C-Antikörper gebildet. Eine Vermehrung von Coxsackieviren in Meerschweinchen konnte ausgeschlossen werden. Es wurde geprüft, ob sich nach Verimpfen von isoliertem C-Antigen monoreaktive anti-C-Hyperimmunseren gewinnen lassen. Sowohl Coxsackievirus A9 und B4 als auch Poliovirus 1 induzierten die Bildung komplementbindender D/C-Antikörper und neutralisierender Antikörper. Nichtinfektiöses C-Antigen von Coxsackievirus A9 reagierte ähnlich. Die möglichen Gründe für dieses Verhalten werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 13 (1977), S. 545-549 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Encephalomyocarditis virus ; diabetes mellitus ; virus induced experimental diabetes ; immune reaction ; X-irradiation ; immunosuppression ; cyclophosphamide ; blood glucose ; insulitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The participation of immune reactions in the EMC virus induced diabetes of the mouse was studied by immunosuppression with 500 R sublethal X-irradiation or 120 mg/kg Asta 5122, a cyclophosphamide derivative. Average glucose levels after X-irradiation and infection remained normal, while virus infected, otherwise untreated mice, had significantly higher mean glucose levels, indicating that immune reactions are necessary for the development of virus induced diabetes. Immune suppression by the cyclophosphamide derivative led, in contrast, to a significantly increased mean glucose level and increased insulitis in comparison with the controls only infected. This indicates an important role of the cellular immune reaction, insulitis, in the destruction of the islets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 164 (1978), S. 291-298 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sera of 83 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes of early onset were tested for latexagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to coxsackie virus types B1–B5. We could not find any evidence of a causal association between Coxsackie B virus infection and diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 167 (1979), S. 55-60 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tests were made on 169 sera from children up to 10 years of age for rotavirus antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests. The simian strain SA 11 served as a substitute antigen for the human rotavirus. Furthermore, the SA 11 complement-fixing antigen was compared with a commercial antigen of the bovine rotavirus strain NCDV. It was demonstrated that SA 11 which can be more easily propagated than most bovine strains, may be used as a substitute antigen in complement fixation and indirect immunofluorescence for serodiagnosis of human rotavirus infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 14 (1964), S. 521-536 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Type I and type II antigens derived from HeLa-cell tissue cultures and the brains of suckling mice, all treated with different methods, had been investigated as to their serological N- and H-qualities. These antigens were used when testing sera of polio patients. 2. The N-one-component antigens reacted specifically. A positive CFR was observed exclusively in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. The H-one-component and mixed antigens behaved unspecifically and reacted more frequently in a heterological manner than the N-antigens. 3. For the routine CFR noninfectious N-antigens from HeLa-cells are recommended, which have been treated with formalin and fluorocarbon.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Aus HeLa-Zellkulturen und den Hirnen saugender Mäuse gewonnene und nach verschiedenen Methoden vorbehandelte Typ-I- und Typ-II-Antigene waren hinsichtlich ihrer serologischen N- und H-Eigenschaften untersucht worden. Sie dienten zur Untersuchung von Seren an Poliomyelitis erkrankter Personen. 2. Die N-Einkomponenten-Antigene reagierten spezifisch und gaben nur beim Vorliegen neutralisierender Antikörper eine positive Komplementbindungs-Reaktion. Die H-Einkomponenten-Antigene und Mischantigene verhielten sich unspezifisch und reagierten wesentlich häufiger heterolog als die N-Antigene. 3. Es wird vorgeschlagen, für die Routine-Komplementbindungs-Reaktion aus HeLa-Zellen gewonnene, mit Formalin und Frigen behandelte, nichtinfektiöse N-Antigene zu verwenden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 44 (1974), S. 255-260 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A Latex agglutination-inhibition test which proved to be useful for the detection of antibodies against enteroviruses is described: Latex particles sensibilized with IgG fractions from hyperimmune sera against polio-, Coxsackie- and echoviruses served as an indicator system. The test is sensitive, specific and reproducible.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein Latex-Agglutinations-Hemmtest wird beschrieben, der zum Nachweis von Antikärpern gegen Enteroviren geeignet ist. Mit γ-Globulin aus Anti-Polio-, Anti-Coxsackie- und Anti-Echo-Hyperimmunseren beladene Latexpartikel dienten dabei als Indikatorsystem. Der Test ist spezifisch, empfindlich und liefert reproduzierbare Ergebnisse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 232 (1981), S. 165-177 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Coronavirusspezifische Antikörper im Serum von NPC-Kranken und bei Mononukleose ; Positive Immunofluoreszenz auf Coronaviren im Cytoplasma von NPC-Tumorzellen ; Statistische Auswertung ; Coronavirus-specific antibodies in sera of NPC and infectious mononucleosis patients ; Positive immunofluorescent reaction to corona-viruses within the cytoplasm of NPC tumor cells ; Statistical analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Coronavirus-like particles are found within the cytoplasm of NPC tumor cells, within the cytoplasm of the tumor cells of the regional metastases, and within tumor cells grown on nude mice. For the immunologic identification of the coronaviruses, the cultures of human tracheal epithelium (MRC-C) were used and inoculated with a known coronavirus strain. Whereas blood sera from NPC patients (n=73) contain significantly elevated antibody titers against corona viruses, unselected sera from patients without NPC showed a low antibody titer (n=83). Only patients suffering from infectious mononucleosis (n=40) showed a titer pattern similar to that of NPC patients. For demonstration of antigen-antibody reaction within the NPC tumor cell cytoplasm, sera with a high antibody content against coronaviruses deriving from other than NPC patients or anticoronavirus sera from rabbits were used. By indirect immunofluorescence, the NPC tumor cells showed a bright cytoplasmic fluorescence. No fluorescence was seen when tumor cells were exposed to human sera with known low or absent corona antibody titer or to normal rabbit sera. The results indicate that next to a DNA virus infection (EBV), an RNA virus infection (coronavirus) may play a role in NPC as well as in infectious mononucleosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Coronavirusähnliche cytoplasmatische Einschlüsse waren in Tumorzellen des Nasopharynxkarzinoms, seiner Metastase und nach Transplantation auf die nackte Maus elektronenoptisch gefunden worden. Zur immunofluoreszenzmikroskopischen Darstellung der Coronaviren wurden Zellkulturen aus menschlichen Trachealepithelien benutzt, die mit einem bekannten Stamm von Coronaviren infiziert wurden. Die infizierten Zellkulturen dienten als bekanntes Antigen, an dem mittels des indirekten Immunfluoreszenztestes 83 Kontrollseren, 73 Seren von NPC-Patienten und 40 Seren von Patienten mit gesicherter Mononucleose ausgetestet wurden. Es ließ sich eindeutig nachweisen, daß Patienten mit NPC oder IM einen signifikant höheren Antikörpertiter im Serum besitzen als gesunde Vergleichspersonen oder Patienten mit anderen Erkrankungen. Ferner benützten wir vom Kaninchen stammende Anti-Corona-Antikörper, um an der Tumorzelle des NPC die ausschließliche cytoplasmatische Lokalisation des Antigens nachzuweisen. Während beim EBNA-Test zum Nachweis der kerngebundenen Epstein-Barr-Antigene ausschließlich die Tumorzellkerne fluoreszieren, leuchten in den Tupfpräparaten des gleichen Tumormaterials beim Coronatest nur die cytoplasmatischen Zellanteile. Die Untersuchungen deuten an, daß beim Nasopharynxkarzinom und bei der infektiösen Mononucleose neben der bekannten Epstein-Barr-Virusinfektion (DNS-Viren) auch eine RNS-Virusinfektion (Coronaviren) eine Rolle spielen können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 231 (1981), S. 764-765 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Within the cytoplasm of NPC tumor cells Corona virus like particles have been described earlier. Controlling immunfluorescent studies using anti-Corona-rabbit serum revealed the antigen localization within the tumor cell cytoplasm. Vice versa the blood sera from NPC-patients reveal significatively higher Corona antibody titers than blood sera from other than NPC-patients. The results open the theory that next to the well known EBV-infection the Corona virus infection plays an important role in NPC tumor biology. The question remains open whether there is an interacting function between a RNA-virus infection (Corona) and a DNA-virus infection (EBV) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 13 (1963), S. 358-367 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Poliomyelitis type I and II antigens of tissue culture and mouse brains prepared according to different methods were serologically tested. They were titrated in the presence of N- and H-antisera. In addition, the HeLa-cell antigen content was determined with the antigens of tissue culture. 2. The crude antigens of tissue culture and mouse brains of both types were present as mixed antigens containing the N- and H-components in a proportion characteristic for each type. By treating crude antigen twice with fluorocarbon and by heating the fluorocarbon treated antigens we could obtain N- and H-antigen separately. 3. A non-infectious pure N-Antigen could be obtained from tissue culture antigen by a combined formalin and fluorocarbon treatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Nach verschiedenen Methoden vorbehandelte Poliomyelitis-Typ-I- und Typ-II-Gewebekultur- und MÄusehirn-Antigene wurden serologisch untersucht, indem sie gegen N- und H-Antiserum titriert wurden. Bei den Gewebekultur-Antigenen wurde au\erdem der Gehalt an HeLa-Zellantigen bestimmt. 2. Die Gewebekultur- und MÄusehirn-Rohantigene beider Typen lagen als Misch-Antigen vor; sie enthielten die N- und H-Komponente in einem für jeden Typ charakteristischen VerhÄltnis. Durch zweimalige Frigenbehandlung bzw. durch Erhitzen des frigenbehandelten Antigens konnten N- bzw. H-Einkomponenten-Antigene erhalten werden. 3. Aus dem Gewebekultur-Antigen lie\ sich durch eine kombinierte Formalin-Frigenbehandlung ein nichtinfektiöses reines N-Antigen gewinnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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