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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The basic structural lesion of persistent neonatal hypoglycaemia with hyperinsulinism: deficiency of pancreatic D cells or hyperactivity of B cells? (1984)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 26 (1984), S. 282-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Persistent hypoglycaemia ; nesidioblastosis ; islet cells ; islet adenoma ; immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pancreatic tissue obtained at subtotal pancreatectomy from 15 infants with persistent hypoglycaemia with hyperinsulinism, and autopsy specimens from 23 age-matched normoglycaemic controls, were studied with morphometric methods after immunocytochemical staining of the four main islet cell types (A, B, D and pancreatic polypeptide cells). In three cases, a focal lesion was detected by gross examination. Macroscopic or microscopic examination did not distinguish the 12 other cases from controls. As found previously, nesidioblastosis was not a specific feature of the pancreas in infantile hypoglycaemia, being observed in age-matched controls as well. In cases with hypoglycaemia the volume density of B cells was not significantly increased; that of the A cells was within normal range. The volume density of pancreatic polypeptide cells was markedly augmented and that of somatostatin cells was significantly decreased. The mean nuclear volume of the B cells was increased by 40% in cases with diffuse changes, but in cases with a focal lesion this increase was restricted to the abnormal area. This finding is of decisive importance for diagnosis and has therapeutic implications. The increase in B-cell nuclear size is thought to reflect an enhanced functional activity of these cells. On the other hand, the figures obtained for the volume density of B and D cells must be viewed with some reservation because degranulation may interfere with accurate detection of these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283651
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Virus induced diabetes and the immune system (1977)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 13 (1977), S. 545-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Encephalomyocarditis virus ; diabetes mellitus ; virus induced experimental diabetes ; immune reaction ; X-irradiation ; immunosuppression ; cyclophosphamide ; blood glucose ; insulitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The participation of immune reactions in the EMC virus induced diabetes of the mouse was studied by immunosuppression with 500 R sublethal X-irradiation or 120 mg/kg Asta 5122, a cyclophosphamide derivative. Average glucose levels after X-irradiation and infection remained normal, while virus infected, otherwise untreated mice, had significantly higher mean glucose levels, indicating that immune reactions are necessary for the development of virus induced diabetes. Immune suppression by the cyclophosphamide derivative led, in contrast, to a significantly increased mean glucose level and increased insulitis in comparison with the controls only infected. This indicates an important role of the cellular immune reaction, insulitis, in the destruction of the islets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01234511
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Course of coxsackie B antibodies during juvenile diabetes (1978)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 164 (1978), S. 291-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sera of 83 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes of early onset were tested for latexagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to coxsackie virus types B1–B5. We could not find any evidence of a causal association between Coxsackie B virus infection and diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02125498
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beta cell nesidioblastosis (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 127 (1978), S. 75-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Hyperinsulinism ; β-cell hyperplasia ; Nesidioblastosis ; Newborn ; Infants ; Somatostatin ; Electron microscopy ; Therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two patients with severe hypoglycemia since birth are described. In both hyperinsulinism was demonstrated during spontaneous hypoglycemic attacks or could be provoked by various tolerance tests. In case I considerable obesity and psychomotor retardation was present at the age of one year whereas in case II weight gain was normal and development unaffected. Immunofluorescence microscopic and electron microscopic examination of the pancreas after subtotal pancreatectomy revealed diffuse islet cell hyperplasia with nesidioblastosis in case I and β-cell nesidioblastosis in case II. The hyperplastic and nesidioblastotic areas consisted mainly of β-cells. In addition, an accumulation of somatostatin producing cells was observed in case I, and some cells were found with ultrastructural signs of both endocrine and exocrine function. In both cases, pancreatic insulin release was inhibited by a prolonged somatostatin infusion. The results of tolerance tests did not allow a diagnosis of the underlying pancreatic lesion. In case II, leucine-sensitive hypoglycemia detected soon after birth, was present even after subtotal pancreatic resection. Therapeutic trials with diazoxide in case I and a leucine-restricted diet in case II were only of temporary benefit. After subtotal pancreatectomy there was clinical improvement in both cases, but case II still needs a leucine-restricted diet. The familial occurrence of persistent hypoglycemia in both cases suggests that β-cell nesidioblastosis may be a hereditary disorder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445763
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuronal intestinal dysplasia (1987)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 2 (1987), S. 352-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Neuronal intestinal dysplasia ; Colon motility ; Colon sonography ; Colostomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Findings in 23 children with neuronal intestinal dysplasia (NID) are presented. Twelve children had Hirschsprung's disease that masked the existence of proximal NID. In all cases the diagnosis was established by histological-histochemical examination. Amelioration of symptoms by conservative treatment alone was achieved in 4 children; in 13 cases colostomy was necessary. In 6 patients colon resection was performed: 2 suffered from both colitis and obstruction; the other 4 were treated for obstruction, multiple perforations, persistant adynamia of the left colon, and fistulation. In 9 patients the colostomy was closed. Four of 6 children who did not have sonographic confirmation of motility had complications due to colon dysmotility after closure of their normally functioning colostomy. Therapeutic measures are based exclusively on clinical and functional parameters. The clinical picture dictates the emergency measures (colostomy, colon resection, and colectomy). Normal colostomy function is not a sufficient criterion of normal colon motility. Functional sonography of the colon is included in the planning of further therapy. Indications, timing, and extent of colon resection can be reliably determined using the sonographic method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00175648
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symptoms, diagnosis, and therapy of neuronal intestinal dysplasia masked by Hirschsprung's disease (1987)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 2 (1987), S. 76-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Neuronal intestinal dysplasia ; Hirschsprung's disease ; Colon sonography ; Colon motility ; Colon biopsy, diagnostic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-four cases of concomitant Hirschsprung's disease (HD) and neuronal intestinal dysplasia (NID) are presented. The clinical picture is characterized by the early and acute onset of HD symptoms. The diagnosis is established by means of rectal and colonic biopsies. Open biopsies during laparotomy should be taken without injury to the mucosa. Early surgical therapy consists of extended resection of the aganglionic segment and the colon affected by NID up to the splenic flexure. Complications are imminent if the aganglionosis masks the symptoms of NID and, accordingly, only the aganglionic segment is resected. As an alternative, postponed resection of the aganglionic segment alone is proposed once the NID-affected bowel develops functional maturation. In children who do not show an improvement of colon dysmotility, however, extended resection is recommended at the age of 4 years. In follow-up studies of colon motility, functional colon sonography is used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174177
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Achalasia of the anal sphincter (1987)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 2 (1987), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Sphincter ani internus ; Aganglionosis ; Neuronal intestinal dysplasia (type B) ; Sphincter achalasia ; Biopsy diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Enzyme-histotopochemical studies of parasympathetic innervation in the internal anal sphincter muscle of 73 children with anal sphincter achalasia indicated that in Hirschsprung's disease and type B neuronal intestinal dysplasia (NID) the internal sphincter displays a pattern of changes analogous to that seen in the wall of the rectum. In Hirschsprung's disease the internal sphincter is also aganglionic, and its parasympathetic fibres exhibit increased acetylcholinesterase (ACE) activity in NID there is moderately increased ACE activity, with ganglionic neurons embedded singly or in groups in the thick afferent parasympathetic fibers. The innervation defect may be confined to the sphincter, or aganglionosis of the sphincter may be associated with proximal NID.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174178
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinactivation of the encephalomyocarditis virus (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 58 (1978), S. 249-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Encephalomyocarditis virus was photoinactivated by a dilution of 1:30,000 neutral red and 70 minutes exposure to light. A dye inactivation of the EMC virus is possible without destruction of its antigenicity. The EMC virus vaccine induced a good immunity response in mice; we did not find any infectious virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01317607
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopplersonographische Blutflußmessung der A. umbilicalis: Ist ein Screening sinnvoll? (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 92-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der qualitativ beurteilten Flowmessung der Nabelarterie steht eine einfache und nichtinvasive Methode zur Verfügung, die fetale Plazentaperfusion in vivo zu beurteilen und damit Reifungsstörungen der Placenta zu erfassen, die mit einer hohen fetalen Gefährdung einhergehen. Damit ist sie nicht nur zur Differenzierung von Risikograviditäten wie z. B. der intrauterinen Mangelentwicklung geeignet, sie vermag vielmehr auch gefährdete Feten zu erfassen, deren plazentare Störung noch nicht zu biometrisch erfaßbaren Abweichungen geführt hat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02417187
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell types infected in human cytomegalovirus placentitis identified by immunohistochemical double staining (1993)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 423 (1993), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cytomegalovirus ; Congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease ; Placenta ; Chorionic villi ; Immuno histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chronic villitis is almost always present in intrauterine infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The inflammatory response to this virus has been described in detail. However, little is known about the types of placental cells that may be infected by HCMV and six cases of HCMV placentitis were thus investigated to identify the vulnerable cell types. Immunohistochemical double staining analyses were performed using antibodies to HCMV immediate early antigens and to specific cellular marker proteins. Fixed connective tissue cells could be demonstrated to be the predominantly infected cell type in each placental tissue. Endothelial cells and macrophages were also found to be infected in all six cases, whereas evidence of trophoblast infection was obtained in four cases. It is concluded that release of infectious virus by connective tissue cells, macrophages and endothelial cells may play a critical role in transplacental transmission of HCMV. The findings further suggest that the cytopathic effect of HCMV infection on these cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of intrauterine HCMV disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01606887
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