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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abundance of somatostatin cells in the human neonatal pancreas (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 251-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Somatostatin cells ; human pancreas ; neonates ; immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pancreatic somatostatin cells have been studied in human neonates and adults using an immunoperoxidase technique. Their volume density in the head, isthmus, corpus and tail of the gland has been estimated by morphometry. Somatostatin cells were about 20 times more frequent in the neonate (5% of all pancreatic cells) than in the adult (0.23%). Their distribution between the different zones of the pancreas showed few differences except for the lobe of the head rich in PP cells, where the volume density of somatostatin cells was 40% lower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251925
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The basic structural lesion of persistent neonatal hypoglycaemia with hyperinsulinism: deficiency of pancreatic D cells or hyperactivity of B cells? (1984)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 26 (1984), S. 282-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Persistent hypoglycaemia ; nesidioblastosis ; islet cells ; islet adenoma ; immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pancreatic tissue obtained at subtotal pancreatectomy from 15 infants with persistent hypoglycaemia with hyperinsulinism, and autopsy specimens from 23 age-matched normoglycaemic controls, were studied with morphometric methods after immunocytochemical staining of the four main islet cell types (A, B, D and pancreatic polypeptide cells). In three cases, a focal lesion was detected by gross examination. Macroscopic or microscopic examination did not distinguish the 12 other cases from controls. As found previously, nesidioblastosis was not a specific feature of the pancreas in infantile hypoglycaemia, being observed in age-matched controls as well. In cases with hypoglycaemia the volume density of B cells was not significantly increased; that of the A cells was within normal range. The volume density of pancreatic polypeptide cells was markedly augmented and that of somatostatin cells was significantly decreased. The mean nuclear volume of the B cells was increased by 40% in cases with diffuse changes, but in cases with a focal lesion this increase was restricted to the abnormal area. This finding is of decisive importance for diagnosis and has therapeutic implications. The increase in B-cell nuclear size is thought to reflect an enhanced functional activity of these cells. On the other hand, the figures obtained for the volume density of B and D cells must be viewed with some reservation because degranulation may interfere with accurate detection of these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00283651
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell populations in the endocrine pancreas of human neonates and infants (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 20 (1981), S. 540-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pancreas ; insulin ; glucagon ; somatostatin ; pancreatic polypeptide ; neonates ; infants ; immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pancreases from normoglycaemic neonates (〈15 days), infants (6 months) and adults were examined using immunoperoxidase techniques. Sections taken from five regions of the gland were analysed by morphometry. The volume density of total endocrine tissue was found to be higher than previously reported: 15% in neonates, 6–7% in infants and 2–3% in adults. In neonates, many endocrine cells were located in small clusters, sometimes budding from ducts, and up to 15% were isolated in ducts and acini. Similar clusters were still present, though less frequent, in infants. The relative proportion of all cell types varied only slightly between the different regions, except in the posterior part of the head, which comprised 90% of all PP(polypeptide) cells. With age, the proportion of somatostatin cells decreased (from about 30% in neonates to about 10% in adults), that of insulin cells increased (50 to 70%) and that of glucagon cells remained stable (20%). In the posterior part of the head, the proportion of PP cells tended to be higher in adults than in neonates or infants. This study shows that both the endocrine cell populations and the proportion of endocrine tissue in the pancreas change markedly in early life. It also suggests that “nesidioblastosis” is a normal feature of the pancreas of normoglycaemic neonates and young infants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252762
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular composition of the human diabetic pancreas (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 24 (1983), S. 366-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Types 1 and 2 diabetes ; immunocytochemistry ; morphometry ; human pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide cells were stained by immunoperoxidase techniques and quantitated morphometrically in sections of pancreases obtained from eight control subjects, four Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and eight Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. The whole pancreas was studied to take into consideration the heterogeneous distribution of the different cell types. From the volume density of each cell type, and the weight of each lobe of the pancreas, the total mass of endocrine tissue was calculated. It averaged 1395 mg in control subjects, 413 mg in Type 1 and 1449 mg in Type 2 diabetic patients. The loss of endocrine tissue observed in the Type 1 patients was almost restricted to the lobe poor in pancreatic polypeptide cells. In these patients, B cells were practically absent (at the most seven per section), but the ‘atrophic islets’ still contained numerous A, D, or pancreatic polypeptide cells. The mass of A, D and pancreatic polypeptide cells and the ratio of D to A cells were not different from those measured in the control subjects. This shows that the disappearance of B cells in Type 1 diabetes has no preferential effect on any other endocrine cell of the pancreas. In Type 2 diabetes, the mass of A cells was increased, whereas that of B, D and pancreatic polypeptide cells was not changed. This hyperplasia of A cells leads to a decrease in the ratio of B to A and of D to A cells. These alterations may enlighten certain aspects of the physiopathology of Type 2 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251826
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term treatment of persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia of infancy with diazoxide: a retrospective review of 77 cases and analysis of efficacy-predicting criteria (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 628-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Hyperinsulinism ; Hypoglycaemia ; Diazoxide ; Sulphonylureas ; Management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Primary persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia of infancy is rare. Diazoxide treatment remains the mainstay of medical therapy in long-term management. We reviewed 77 cases of primary persistent hyperinsulinism in neonates and infants who were treated with diazoxide and studied criteria predictive of therapeutic efficacy. The only criterion identified was age at manifestation. All but 1 of the 31 neonatal cases were unresponsive to diazoxide. Responsiveness increased with age: 12 of 39 early-infantile cases, and all seven late-infantile cases were diazoxide-responsive. In responders, a diazoxide dose of 10–15 mg/kg per day was always effective, suggesting an “all or none” response. Diazoxide-resistant hyperinsulinism is characterized by its severity with higher plasma insulin levels. The analysis of 46 surgically treated patients showed that the efficacy of diazoxide is not related to the aetiology of the pancreatic lesions. In six cases, after many years of management, diazoxide treatment was stopped without recurrence of hypoglycaemia. Conclusion Diazoxide is an efficient treatment in the long-term management of most persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia of infancy revealed in infants and children but is usually ineffective in neonatal forms. Drug efficacy does not correlate with anatomical lesions. Medical treatment can sometimes be stopped after many years of management without recurrence of disease manifestations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310050900
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical Localization of Secretory Component in the Liver of Guinea Pigs and Dogs versus Rats, Rabbits, and Mice (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 19 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Secretory component (SC) was localized in the liver of guinea pigs, dogs, rabbits, rats, and mice. In rabbits, rats, and mice SC localized predominantly in bile canaliculi and on hepatocyte sinusoidal membranes but was doubtful in cholangincytes. In dogs and guinea pigs SC-staining was not detected in/on hepatocytes and canaliculi but was strong in/on cholangiocytes, as reported for humans. In guinea pigs IgA biliary output was small (0.23 mg/kg/day), as for dogs and humans, and below IgG output (1.4mg). in contrast to rats, whose IgA biliary output (38 mg/kg/day) was much larger than IgG output (2 mg). Biliary obstruction in guinea pigs induced only minor increases in serum IgA (+ 26% over 24 h), as reported for dogs and humans, in contrast to rats (+ 800% over 24 h) and rabbits. Hepatocyte SC expression correlates with IgA hepatobiliary excretion, being low in guinea pigs, dogs, and humans but high in rats, rabbits, and mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1984.tb00951.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of in situ iiormonal synthesis in pancreatic B cells by automatic image analysis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biology of the Cell 73 (1991), S. 38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0248-4900
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0248-4900(91)90218-C
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoquantitation of cytochrome P-450 IIIA on rat paraffin embedded liver tissue
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biology of the Cell 73 (1991), S. 39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0248-4900
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0248-4900(91)90219-D
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of gastrin and cholecystokinin secretion in a case of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 1 (1980), S. S36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(80)90091-9
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particular morphological aspect of pancreatic polypeptide cells in the human pancreas
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 1 (1980), S. S89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(80)90196-2
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