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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epstein-Barr virus in lingual epithelium of liver transplant patients (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 22 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thirty-three liver transplant patients and 20 controls were examined for the presence of EBV in epithelium of the lateral border of the tongue by negative staining electron microscopy. Five of the specimens (15%) showed particles typical of the herpes virus family, while all controls were negative for EBV. In 3 of the 5 patients moderate oral hairy leukoplakia was observed clinically. Our results indicate that EBV may be expressed at the lateral border of the tongue of liver transplant patients, who in some cases show oral hairy leukoplakia clinically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1993.tb01070.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exfoliative cheilitis (EC) in AIDS: association with Candida infection (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 26 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Forty-seven of 165 patients with AIDS (28.5%) showed exfoliative cheilitis (EC), predominantly of the lower lip (n=37). Histologically. hyphae were revealed in 23 of 47 cases 149%). In 14 of 23 specimens the histological and microbiological findings were in accordance. Smears of the vermilion border revealed Candida aibicans in half of the cases (51%); however, combinations with C. krusei. C. tropicalis and C. glabrata were also seen. Twenty of 35 patients given fluconazole either prophylactically or therapeutically showed clinical signs of oral candidiasis. Frequent moistening of the lips may result in infection of the vermilion border with Candida species: consequent desiccation of the lips will lead to scale formation and exfoliation. Smears of the vermilion border of the lower lip of 20 controls with AIDS were positive in four cases. Twenty HJV-negative controls without EC showed negative microbiological results for Candida species. Exfoliative cheilitis may be associated with Candida infection in some cases and may be considered another variant of candidiasis in AIDS patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1997.tb01239.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Negative staining EM for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus in oral hairy leukoplakia (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 19 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The performance of two different EM techniques applied for the detection of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in oral hairy leukoplakia (HL) was assessed, i.e. the conventional two-step method of negative staining (CNS) and negative staining after Airfuge enrichment (ANS). Scrape specimens from the lateral borders of tongue of 66 HIV-positive patients with or without HL, of 3 patients with infectious mononucleosis and of 10 HIV-negative patients were evaluated. While CNS resulted in virus detection only in 25% of clinically diagnosed HL cases, EBV was detected by ANS in 85% of clinically suspected cases of HL. Scrape specimens of individuals negative for HIV were negative in EM while 2 of 3 mononucleosis patients were positive without clinical evidence for HL. Due to this high sensitivity the method of negative staining after Airfuge enrichment appears to be useful in the diagnosis of HL. The finding of EBV in clinically normal oral mucosa in HIV-seropositive individuals is interesting and indicates that EBV expression may precede the clinical appearance of HL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00861.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotypes of oral Candida albicans isolates in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients from diverse geographic locations (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 24 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oral Candida albicans isolates from HIV-infected individuals in Hong Kong, Australia, Germany and England were characterised using a biotyping system based on enzyme profiles, carbohydrate assimilation patterns and boric acid resistance of the yeasts. A total of 44 biotypes were found amongst the 117 oral C. albicans isolates examined. The major biotype AIR accounted for 17.9% of all isolates while the second commonest biotype was A1S (11.1% of isolates). Whereas these two biotypes were isolated from all the regions studied, there were a number of other biotypes unique to individual countries. The data indicate that there are many different sub-strains of oral C. albicans in HIV-infected patients, some of which are globally prevalent. However, further work is required to ascertain the diversity of oral C. albicans biotypes, if any, in health and disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1995.tb01126.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral ulcers in AIDS patients frequently associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 28 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Oral ulcers are common in AIDS patients, with a wide spectrum of underlying causes, including different viruses. In the present study, the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) DNA was analysed in 21 biopsies from oral ulcers of 17 male homosexual AIDS patients. The methods used were in situ hybridization (ISH) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with subsequent non-radioactive Southern blot hybridization to confirm the specificity of PCR products. With ISH, 4 biopsies were CMV DNA-positive and 11 contained EBV-DNA. Using PCR, an additional 4 CMV-and 7 EBV-positive samples were detected, and HHV-8 DNA was present in three oral ulcers. Six of the patients (35%) had oral ulcers co-infected by two or three viruses. The overall figures for patients with the detectable EBV-, CMV-, and HHV-8 DNA were 82% (14/17), 35% (6/17) and 18% (3/17), respectively. This is the first study to show the frequent presence of EBV-DNA in oral ulcers of AIDS patients. Because ISH-positivity signifies active virus replication, these results implicate an etiological role of EBV in AIDS-associated oral ulcers. The causal role of HHV-8 has to be considered as well, because this virus was detected in three such ulcers, which were not associated with Kaposi's sarcoma. To conclude, three common members of the herpesvirus family (CMV, EBV, HHV-8) were detected in all but three ulcers in AIDS patients, warranting the inclusion of these viral analyses in the diagnosis of ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa in all immunosuppressed individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1999.tb02025.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Klinische und histopathologische Charakterisierung oraler Leukoplakien bei Patienten mit HIV-Infektion (1999)
    Springer
    Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie 3 (1999), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter HIV-Infektion ; Orale Leukoplakie ; Prävalenz ; Transformation ; Virale Kofaktoren ; Key words HIV-infection ; Oral leukoplakia ; Prevalence ; Transformation ; Viral cofactors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral leukoplakia (OL) in HIV-positive patients and to evaluate the clinical and histopathological features and the presence of Candida hyphae and viral infections (HSV 1, 2, HPV, EBV and CMV) by immunocytochemical methods using mono- or polyclonal antibodies. A total of 269 HIV-seropositive patients, (222 men, median age 36.7 years and 47 women, median age 32 years) were registered. OL occurred in 20/269 (7.4%) patients (men, smokers, median age 38 years); the non-homogeneous form was observed in 11%. A lesional biopsy specimen was obtained from 8/20 patients. Specimens did not show signs of epithelial dysplasia. Candida hyphae were evident in 2/8 cases. Two patients tested positive for HPV and CMV; antibodies against EBV, HSV1 and 2 were negative. In conclusion, the prevalence of OL is comparatively high in this group of HIV-seropositive patients (7.4% vs. 0.9–2.2%). Moreover, the mean age of the study group at the time of diagnosis for oL was lower (38 years vs. 60 years).
    Notes: Ziel der Studie war, die Prävalenz der oralen Leukoplakie (oL) bei Patienten mit HIV-Infektion zu ermitteln, die klinischen und histopathologischen Charakteristika und Kofaktoren wie Herpes-simplex-Virus 1 und 2, Humane Papillomviren, Epstein-Barr-Virus und Zytomegalievirus mittels immunhistochemischer Nachweismethoden (APAAP) sowie Candidahyphen (PAS) zu evaluieren. 269 HIV-seropositive Patienten, (222 Männer, Altersmedian: 36,7 Jahre und 47 Frauen, Altersmedian 32 Jahre) wurden anhand standardisierter Protokolle erfaßt. 20/269 (7,4%) Patienten (Männer, Raucher, Medianwert des Alters 38 Jahre) wiesen eine orale Leukoplakie auf (11% inhomogene Form). Bei 8/20 wurde eine Biopsie entnommen: Dysplasien wurden nicht nachgewiesen, Candidahyphen waren in 2/8 Fällen vorhanden, HPV und CMV wurde jeweils in einem, EBV und HSV1/ 2 in keinem Fall nachgewiesen. Die Prävalenz der oL mit 7,4% scheint im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung (0,9–2,2%) höher zu liegen, auch ist diese bei HIV-Infizierten schon 25 Jahre früher zu diagnostizieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100060050099
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