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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 17 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) is a potent inducer of T colony formation by peripheral blood lymphocytes. A mean cloning efficiency of 0.3% (0.05-0.5%) is obtained with PMA concentrations of 100-1000 ng/ml. PMA-induced T colony formation does not require the presence of monocytes and therefore differs from other mitogens in this respect. Purified T-colony-promoting activity (TCPA) (devoid of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)) increases PMA-induced T colony numbers and induces T colony formation at low PMA doses (0.01 to 1 ng), concentrations at which no T colonies are detected in the absence of added TCPA. PMA-induced colonies are mainly composed of cells bearing Fc receptors for IgM (54%), which is not the case for colonies obtained with PHA (11 %). PMA-induced colony cells do not bind OKT3 and OKT4 monoclonal antibodies, whereas 23% are able to bind OK-T8 antibody. These results demonstrate that PMA is a potent inducer of T colony formation and may therefore serve as a useful tool for the study of T-cell differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 249 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cryobiology 11 (1974), S. 550 
    ISSN: 0011-2240
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cryobiology 11 (1974), S. 544-545 
    ISSN: 0011-2240
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 101 (1981), S. 1087-1095 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 332 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 329 (1971), S. 223-224 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die anhepatische Phase der orthotopen Lebertransplantation ist beim Menschen wie Versuchstier mit erheblichen hämodynamischen und metabolischen Störungen verbunden. Als Ursache der metabolischen Acidose wurde das Fehlen der Leber selbst wie auch Anhäufung saurer Metabolite durch Blutstauung im Pfortader- und unteren Hohlvenenstrombett betrachtet. Die Rolle, die der leberlose Zustand bei diesen Störungen spielt, war die Fragestellung unserer Studie. 27 Hunde wurden total hepatektomiert in Anlehnung an die Methode von Starzel [1]. Der Rückfluß des Pfortaderblutes wurde durch eine breite Seit/Seit portocavale Anastomose sichergestellt, bevor die Leber von der unteren Hohlvene abpräpariert wurde. Die Vena cava wurde dabei nicht geklemmt, es kamen keine äußeren Shunts zur Anwendung. Blutdruck und Hämatokrit zeigten im Beobachtungszeitraum bis 4 Std postoperativ keinen signifikanten Abfall. Der pH-Wert des Blutes blieb bei allen Hunden stabil, der pCO2 bei der überwiegenden Mehrzahl [2]. Bei 6 Hunden war Abfall des pCO2 mit gleichzeitigem Absinken des Basenüberschusses Ausdruck einer kompensierten metabolischen Acidose. Lactat und Pyruvat wurden bei 9 Hunden bestimmt. Der Lactatspiegel stieg von 2,4 auf 6,9 mMol/l während des Beobachtungszeitraumes, der Pyruvatspiegel von 0,15 auf 0,27 mMol/l. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die früher berichteten hämodynamischen und metabolischen Störungen [3] der frühen anhepatischen Phase nicht durch das bloße Fehlen der Leber verursacht werden. Vielmehr müssen venöse Stasen bei anderen Operationsmethoden als Hauptursachen angesehen werden. Die angewandte Technik erscheint uns als gutes Modell zum Studium des leberlosen Hundes.
    Notes: Summary The anhepatic phase of clinical and experimental orthotoppc liver transplantation is known to be accompanied by considerable hemodynamic and metabolic changes. The origin of the metabolic acidosis was considered to be the absence of the liver and/or insufficient drainage from the portal and inferior cava venous systems. The role that the liverless state plays on the production of this derangement was studied. 27 dogs were totally hepatectomized in a modification of Starzl's technique [1], with no cross-clamping of the IVC and no external shunts being employed. During the period of study from pre to 4 h post hepatectomy blood pressure and hematocrit did not fall significantly. The blood pH remained almost stabil in all dogs, as did the PCO2 in the majority of animals [2]. Only in 6 dogs a decrease of PCO2 with a concomittant fall of base excess was observed as an expression of compensated metabolic acidosis. Lactate and pyruvate were estimated in 9 dogs. The lactate rose from a preoperative level of 2.4 to 6.9 mMol/14 h after hepatectomy; the pyruvate levels were 0.15 and 0.27 mMol/1, respectively. As indicated by our results the previously described hemodynamic and metabolic changes [3] in the anhepatic phase of liver transplantation cannot be due to the sole absence of the liver. Venous stasis in the portal venous and IVC bed is considered a major cause. The employed technique appears to be a good model to study the anhepatic dog.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 4 (1978), S. 209-214 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Female C57/Bl/6 mice (6–8 weeks old) bearing the Lewis or the MBL-2 tumor received localized tumor irradiation (1,600 rad; Cobalt 60) 3 days after tumor implantation. We compared the effects of the association of irradiation and immuno-BCG-F (1 mg/mouse i.v.) against three control groups (no treatment, irradiation alone, immuno-BCG-F alone). The frequency and number of BCG injections were varied in the different subgroups. Result were improved in the Lewis tumor system when BCG was injected just after the end of the irradiation. Efficiency improved with increasing number of injections (P〈0.05). In the MBL-2 system, depending on the timing of BCG injections, we observed significant prolongation of survival (irradiation + BCG) over that in control groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 3 (1977), S. 15-22 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The thymic and splenic reactions, following injections of BCG and living Brucella M. in the guinea pigs, were studied. Both microorganisms injected intravenously produced thymic involution, maximal after BCG inoculation, followed by regeneration that was complete by day 10 in Brucella M.-treated guinea pigs, and by day 15, in BCG injected guinea pigs. Increase of mitotic index was more accentuated and more persistent after Brucella M. than after BCG treatment in the thymus. After a short involution period the spleen of injected animals increased in size in both groups. The splenic enlargement was dramatic and occurred at an accelerated rate in animals given BCG. It appeared to be the result of a conspicuous involvement of the red pulp by multiple granulomas. In Brucella M. treated guinea pigs the splenic enlargement was less obvious, but the splenic white pulp was more abundant in BCG-treated guinea pigs. Granulomas were observed only in the periarterial sheaths of the white pulp. These observations provide evidence for the hypothesis that injections of both BCG and Brucella M. provoke a proliferation of B and T lymphocytes, a migration of T lymphocytes from the thymus to the T-dependent area of the spleen which seems, perhaps, more marked after injection of Brucella M., and a strong granulomatous histiocytic reaction which is more conspicuous in animals given BCG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 4 (1978), S. 121-127 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intracellular potential of human peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes was measured with a modified neurophysiological system and was found to vary between −20 mV and +20 mV. By depleting the total mononuclear fraction of monocytes and B-lymphocytes, and by using various separation procedures to derive monocyte, B-lymphocyte-, T-lymphocyte-, and null cell-enriched populations, it was possible to show that monocytes and the majority of the B-lymphocytes had positive intracellular potentials, whereas T-lymphocytes and null cells had negative intracellular potentials. Various factors, which include in vitro culturing, PHA and Con A stimulation, and possibly maturity, significantly affect the intracellular potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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