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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of methyl acrylate with isobutylene in the presence of lewis acids (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 1081-1091 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The copolymerization of methyl acrylate (MA) and isobutylene (IB) in the presence of Lewis acids (EtAlCl2, Et2AlCl, Et3Al, AlCl3, and ZnCl2) at low Lewis acid/MA mole ratio was investigated. EtAlCl2 and Et2AlCl were found to initiate the spontaneous reaction. An alternating copolymer was produced in this reaction when an excess of IB in the initial monomer feed was used. The copolymerization in the presence of Et3Al, AlCl3, and ZnCl2 did not proceed spontaneously and was initiated by dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO). In this case MA-rich copolymers are formed even in systems containing a large excess of IB in the monomer feed. The addition of BPO to systems containing ethylaluminium chlorides strongly diminishes the tendency towards alternating propagation. It was concluded that the mode of initiation has a significant influence on the copolymer composition. The alternating copolymerization by EtAlCl2 was studied in detail in order to determine the influence of the catalyst concentration, monomer feed ratio, reaction temperature and time on the monomer conversion, copolymer composition, molecular weight and tacticity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021830502
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternating copolymers of vinyl chloride and isobutylene with alkyl acrylates: Synthesis with an ethylaluminium dichloride catalyst and 13C NMR characterization (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 184 (1983), S. 2457-2466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Copolymerizations of alkyl acrylates (alkyl: ethyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, and 2-ethylhexyl) with vinyl chloride and isobutylene in the presence of catalytic amounts of C2H5AlCl2 were studied. Depending on the inonomer feed, equimolar or acrylate-rich copolymers were obtained in most of these reactions. Only tert-butyl acrylate does not produce any copolymers, due to its decomposition under the action of C2H5AICI2. 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate forms with isobutylene only acrylate-rich copolymers. By 13C NMR spectroscopy it could be shown that equimolar copolymers have an alternation structure.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1983.021841207
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of vinyl chloride and methyl acrylate catalyzed by ethylaluminium compounds (1983)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 184 (1983), S. 913-924 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The copolymerization of vinyl chloride (VC) and methyl acrylate (MA) in the presence of ethylaluminium compounds (C2H5AlCl2, (C2H5)2AlCl, and (C2H5)3Al) at low ethylaluminium compound (EAC)/MA mole ratios was investigated. An alternating copolymer was produced in this reaction when an excess of VC in the initial monomer feed was used. The addition of dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) to the systems containing EAC resulted in an increase of the alternating copolymer yield. In polymerization systems containing EAC resulted in an increase of the alternating copolymer yield. In polymerization systems containing EAC combined with VOCl3 an enhancement of the alternating copolymer yield and formation of VC-rich copolymers were observed. In the polymerization system with (C2H5)3Al—VOCl3 a VC-rich copolymer was the main product. It was concluded that VC-rich copolymers are formed in the random radical copolymerization which occurs when most of EAC is complexed by the alternating copolymer chain. The structure of alternating and VC-rich copolymers was studied in detail by means of 13C NMR spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1983.021840503
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of modified Ziegler-Natta catalysts comprising long chain organoaluminum compounds (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 343-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of systems containing a transition metal compound/Lewis base and an organoaluminum compound of a different length of carbon chain have been carried out. The influence of the structure and the concentrations of particular components on the polymerization yield and molecular weight of the products has been determined. The polymerization of vinyl chloride proceeds according to the free radical mechanism, and the effectiveness of such types of initiators decreases with an increase in the length of the substituent chain in the organoaluminum chain. When using ethyl derivatives, the maximum degree of vinyl chloride conversion is about 75%, and for polystyryl or polyisoprenylaluminum of an average polymerization degree of 50-100, the conversion did not exceed 0.5%. The maximum polymerization degree of vinyl chloride in block copolymers containing polyisoprenyl or polystyryl units was 90-300.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250130
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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