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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 922-927 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A simple experiment to study the mixing of two different density fluids by the Rayleigh–Taylor instability has been performed. Several experiments are reported for nominally one-dimensional homogeneous mixing and for experiments characterized by a large two-dimensional motion superimposed on the mixing process. The one-dimensional experiments show a plane mixing region that expands by Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities. The two-dimensional experiments show a contraction in the width of the mixing interface that is a result of the stretching action of the large-scale motion. Image analysis techniques have been developed to provide quantitative measurements for use in a "two-fluid'' model of the mixing phenomena.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 165 (1950), S. 160-160 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Heat transfer between a body and a fluid flowing past it is often pictured as occurring by thermal conduction across a stagnant film of fluid adhering to the body, while the temperature throughout the bulk of the liquid is supposed substantially constant; an analogous simplification is commonly ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 240 (1972), S. 497-497 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR,-This is the typescript of a message received by telephone from Professor Levich on November 26, 1972. Open Letter to Academician Keldysh, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences: Since 1724, when the Russian Academy of Sciences was founded, there has hardly been a situation like the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 316 (1985), S. 586-586 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN ESSENCE, the mathematical theory of combustion is simple: molecules interact, and are created or destroyed, as a consequence of the reactions studied by chemical kineticists; these sources and sinks give rise to concentration and temperature gradients which engender diffusional fluxes, of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 5 (1972), S. 31-38 
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Stromlinien und Isothermen und die entsprechenden Wärmeströme an der Wand werden berechnet durch Lösung der elliptischen Transportgleichungen für Wirbelausbreitung, Enthalpie und Turbulenzenergie zusammen mit Hilfsbeziehungen für ein Turbulenzmodell ähnlich dem von Prandtl [19]. — Die Verteilung des Längenmaßstabs erfolgt empirisch, um sicher zu gehen, daß der Rezirkulations-Bereich die richtige Länge besitzt und der maximale Wärmefluß an der richtigen Stelle der Wand auftritt. Andere empirische Vorgaben stammen von ganz unterschiedlichen Experimenten. — Die Übereinstimmung zwischen den berechneten Werten und den experimentellen von Krall und Sparrow [13] ist gut. Insbesondere konnte der genaue Exponent für das Stanton-Reynolds-Gesetz berechnet werden. — Für die praktische Anwendung wird empfohlen, das Prandtlsche Turbulenzmodell durch ein Modell zu ersetzen, das zwei Differentialgleichungen für turbulente Größen einschließt.
    Notes: Abstract Stream-line and temperature contours, and the corresponding fluxes at the walls, are computed by numerical solution of the elliptic transport equations of vorticity, enthalpy and turbulence energy, together with auxiliary relations comprising a turbulence model similar to that of Prandtl [19]. The length-scale distribution is determined empirically in order to ensure that the recirculation region has the right length, and the maximum of the wall heat flux occurs at the right place, but the other empirical inputs have values which are determined from quite different experiments. — Agreement between predictions and experimental data of Krall and Sparrow [13] is good. In particular, the correct exponent is predicted for the Stanton number ∿ Reynolds number law. This exponent is uninfluenced by the length-scale distribution. — For practical use, it is argued, the Prandtl turbulence model needs to be replaced by one embodying two differential equations for turbulence quantities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 3 (1970), S. 85-95 
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im hier vorgeschlagenen Turbulenzmodell wird die Reynoldsspannung, die in der Bewegungsgleichung auftritt, mit Hilfe der Beziehung $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} = - \sqrt k L(\partial U/\partial y)$$ berechnet. Die kinetische Energiek und der LÄngenma\stabL der Turbulenz werden durch Transport-differentialgleichungen für diese Grö\en bestimmt. Das Modell wird auf verschiedene Freistrahlen angewendet. Die empirischen Konstanten werden so geWählt, da\ die bestmögliche über-einstimmung zwischen Berechnungen und Versuchsergebnissen erzielt wird. Die ebene Mischungsschicht, der ebene Freistrahl und der Radialstrahl können mit dem gleichen Satz von Konstanten behandelt werden. Für den runden Strahl müssen dagegen andere Konstanten verwendet werden. Dies spricht dafür, da\ die sonst universellen Konstanten vom VerhÄltnis vonL zum Radiusr abhÄngen. Ein Vergleich von Rechen-ergebnissen und experimentellen Befunden über die Strahlausbreitung, die Profile vonU, k and $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} $$ sowie die turbulente Energiebilanz wird mitgeteilt. Die übereinstimmung ist im allgemeinen von der Güte der Versuchsgenauigkeit.
    Notes: Abstract A model of turbulence is investigated in which the Reynolds stress appearing in the momentum equation is calculated from the expression $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} = - \sqrt k L(\partial U/\partial y)$$ ; the kinetic energy, k, and the length scale,L, of turbulence are determined from differential transport equations for these quantities. These equations are solved for various free-jet situations, and the empirical constants involved are adjusted so as to give best agreement between predictions and experimental results. The plane mixing layer, the plane jet and the radial jet can be predicted with a single set of constants; for the round jet a different set has to be used. This suggests a dependence of the otherwise universal constants on the ratio ofL to the radiusr. Comparisons are presented of predicted and measured rates of spread, profiles forU, k and $$\overline {u'\upsilon '} $$ , and energy balances. For most cases the agreement is within the experimental accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of engineering physics and thermophysics 19 (1970), S. 1085-1090 
    ISSN: 1573-871X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that confined boundary layers can be calculated by a marching-integration procedure, if the unknown pressure gradient is determined from a formula valid for one-dimensional flow, and account is taken, in subsequent steps, of errors in the pressure gradients employed in earlier steps. The errors can be held down to any desired magnitude. The method is illustrated by reference to turbulent pipe flow and to the plane diffuser; calculations are provided of friction coefficients, Stanton numbers, and velocity and temperature profiles. Some comparisons with experiment are provided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 4 (1972), S. 551-559 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is shown that the upwind difference scheme of formulating differential expressions, in problems involving transport by simultaneous convection and diffusion, is superior to the central differences scheme, when the local Peclet number of the grid is large. Even better schemes are derived and discussed. It is pointed out that the best finite differences analogues are found by approximating differential expressions as a whole, and that simple (e.g. one-dimensional) exact solutions form a useful, legitimate and independent source of these optimum algebraic formulae.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Es wird ein allgemein anwendbares Verfahren zur Berechnung von Stoffübertragungsgeschwindigkeiten zwischen zwei Medien entwickelt, das neben seiner Allgemeingültigkeit auch befriedigende aerodynamische Grundlagen besitzt. Die Erweiterung beruht auf der Einführung von Massenkonzentrationen an Stelle von Molkonzentrationen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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