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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Wachstumshormon ; Kleinwuchs ; Therapie ; Demographie ; Pharmakoepidemiologie ; KIGS [Kabi] Pharmacia & Upjohn International Growth Study) ; Key words Growth hormone ; Short stature ; Therapy ; Demography ; Pharmaco-epidemiology ; KIGS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recombinant growth hormone (rGH) therapy in the treatment of children with short stature was introduced 10 years ago, and experience has shown that progress in implementing this mode of therapy depends increasingly on analyses of large pharmaco-epidemiological studies. These studies prove that the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency, whatever the cause or pathogenetic form, is the most frequent indication for GH therapy. The remaining problems are timely and precise diagnosis, and the best possible and individual therapy aiming at the projected height and taking safety and costs into account. We are closer to solving these problems today than ever before. Apart from this, the use of GH in treating short stature in Turner syndrome and renal insufficiency has led to its acceptance as a suitable therapy for these patients. Height improvement in a number of other growth disorders is, in certain cases, also possible through GH therapy. In the light of current experience, GH therapy can thus be attempted on a rational basis in individual cases. This form of treatment clearly holds wider possibilities and its implementation is likely to go beyond short stature in the future.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 10 Jahre nach der Einführung von rekombinantem Wachstumshormon (WH) in die Therapie kleinwüchsiger Kinder werden unsere Erfahrungen zunehmend auch durch Analyse umfangreicher pharmako-epidemiologischer Beobachtungen geprägt. Wachstumshormonmangel: Diese zeigen, daß der Wachstumshormonmangel in seinen unterschiedlichen Ursachen und pathogenetischen Erscheinungsformen nach wie vor die häufigste Indikation für WH darstellt. Die Probleme bestehen weiterhin in der rechtzeitigen und rationellen Diagnostik und in der Optimierung und Individualisierung der Therapie zum Erreichen der Wachstumsziele unter ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten und bei gleichzeitiger therapeutischer Sicherheit. Diese Probleme sind für den WH-Mangel heute lösbar. Weitere Indikationen: Ferner zeigt sich, daß auch der Kleinwuchs beim Ullrich-Turner-Syndrom und bei der Niereninsuffizienz, für welche WH zugelassen ist, erfolgreich behandelt werden kann. Bei einer Vielzahl anderer Wachstumsstörungen ist die Möglichkeit zur Größenverbesserung im Einzelfall gegeben. Vor dem Hintergrund heutiger Erfahrungen kann ein individueller Heilversuch so auf eine rationale Basis gestellt werden. Zukunftsperspektiven: In Zukunft wird das breite Wirkpotential von Wachstumshormon über die Indikation des Kleinwuchses hinaus ausgeschöpft werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Cushing's disease ; Pituitary adenoma ; Infancy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report an 18-month-old girl with Cushing's disease caused by a large adenoma of the pituitary gland. Tumour size and extension were determined by X-ray, CT-scan and angiographic studies. The endocrinological findings were typical for this disease: elevated plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, 17-Hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and testosterone, elevated urinary excretion of 17-Ketosteroids (17-KS) and 17-Hydroxycorticoids (17-OHCS). Dexamethasone failed to suppress ACTH and cortisol plasma levels. TRH induced only a minimal TSH increase. Following LH-RH injection gonadotropin levels rose to pubertal values. The hGH response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia was subnormal. After resection of the tumour the infant died because of non-treatable arrhythmia. Histological findings showed a non-differentiated adenoma with extension into the subarachnoid space and into nerve tissues. In vitro lysine-vasopressin (LVP) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) exhibited only weak stimulatory effects on the ACTH secretion of the tumour cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 125 (1977), S. 59-70 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Hypertriclyceridemia ; Hyperlipoproteinemia ; Growth retardation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei drei Kindern, 6, 11 und 14 Jahre, einer sonst nicht auffälligen türkischen zehnköpfigen Familie wurde eine Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ I nach Frederickson gefunden. Initial betrugen die Triglyceridwerte des milchig-weißen Serums 1780 bis 3750 mg/dl, Serum-Cholesterin war nicht erhöht. In der Lipoproteinelektrophorese auf Agarose- und Acrylamidgel stellten sich eine ausgeprägte Bande der Chylomikronen, jedoch keine der HDL dar, die post-heparin lipolytische Aktivität war auf 30% der Norm erniedrigt. Bei fettreicher (50% der Gesamtkalorien) Kost konnten Chylomikronen induziert werden, Kohlenhydrate hatten diesen Effekt nicht. Bei fettarmer (5%) Kost verschwanden die Chylomikronen während der stationären Behandlung, die Triglyceridwerte fielen auf etwa 450 mg/dl. Anhalt für Phänokopien wurde nicht gefunden. Als einzige Familienmitglieder waren alle drei Patienten zu klein, die Körpergröße lag bei allen unter der dritten Perzentile. Wiederum hatten nur die Patienten ein retardiertes Knochenalter, minus 18 bis 30 Monate. Es fand sich jedoch kein Hinweis für eine endokrinologische Ursache der Wachstumsverzögerung: Bei 4 verschiedenen Stimulationstests normaler Anstieg des Serum-STH, Schilddrüsen- und Nebennierenrindenfunktionen waren unbeeinträchtigt, die Sexualentwicklung war altersentsprechend. Während der intravenösen und der oralen Glukosebelastung wurde eine erhöhte Glukoseassimilation gefunden. Jedoch waren die Serum-Insulinwerte während dieser Stimulationstest im Normbereich. Die Möglichkeit, daß die angeborene Hypertriglyceridämie eine kausale Rolle bei der Entstehung der Wachstumsverzögerung spielt, muß diskutiert werden.
    Notes: Abstract Familial hypertriglyceridemia or hyperlipoproteinemia type I was detected in three siblings aged 6, 11, and 14 of an otherwise normal Turkish family of 10 members. Initial values ranged from 1780 to 3750 mg/100 ml triglycerides in the milky white serum; cholesterol was normal. Lipoprotein pattern on agarose and acrylamide gel revealed a heavy band of chylomicrons and missing HDL; post-heparin lipolytic activity was decreased to about 30% of normal. Chylomicronemia could be induced by a fat-rich (50% of total calories) diet, but not by carbohydrates. On a low fat diet (5%) during hospitalization chylomicrons disappeared, and triglycerides decreased to about 450 mg/100 ml. Phenocopies of hypertriglyceridemia could be excluded. All three patients were the only members of the family who were small, below the third percentile. Their bone age was retarded from 18 to 30 months. There was no indication for an endocrine cause of the growth retardation: four different stimulation tests revealed normal growth hormone response, thyroid and adrenal functions were not impaired; sexual development was normal. Increased glucose assimilation was observed during intravenous and oral glucose load. Peak serum insulin response was above normal during stimulation tests. The possible etiologic role of hypertriglyceridemia in this concomitant growth retardation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 126 (1977), S. 263-270 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Neben klinischem Merkmal wurden die psychologischen Befunde bei drei Gruppen minderwüchsiger Kinder und Jugendlicher mit entweder isoliertem STH-Mangel, multiplem Hypophysenhormonmangel bzw. ohne endokrine Störung verglichen. Die Studie basiert auf psychometrischen Daten, die mit einem mehrfaktoriellen Intelligenztest sowie mehreren Persönlichkeitsfragebögen ermittelt wurden. Es zeigte sich, daß ein isolierter STH-Mangel keine Auswirkung auf die erfaßten psychologischen Variablen hatte.
    Notes: Abstract This study compares the psychological findings in three groups of dwarfed children and adolescents, namely those suffering from isolated growth-hormone deficiency, from multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies, and without endocrine disease. The study is based on psychometric data from one multifactorial intelligence test and several personality questionnaires. It was found that growth hormone deficiency had no impact on the psychological variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 142 (1984), S. 179-185 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Craniopharyngioma ; Growth ; Insulin ; Neurosurgery ; Radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Management of craniopharyngiomas is still controversial. 28 children with this tumor were studied. GH deficiency was present in 22 patients following surgery, 10 of these GH-lacking patients had normal or accelerated growth (usually associated with rapid weight gain) postoperatively. Somatomedin levels were normal in three of six normally growing patients. After craniotomy their basal and TRH-stimulated prolactin levels were in the normal range, but their insulin secretion was markedly increased. Postoperatively there was a significant correlation between peak insulin levels following arginine infusion and growth velocity in all patients. Complete tumor removal could be performed in 28% of our patients. Altogether 36% of all patients had at least one tumor recurrence. Recent literature with the addition of our series showed tumor recurrence in 22% of patients with “total” tumor excision and in 72% of patients with partial tumor removal. Radiotherapy seems to be capable of destroying craniopharyngioma tissue. The recurrence rate was only 26% in patients with subtotal excision plus radiotherapy. Unless radical tumor removal can be attempted with safety, subtotal tumor removal plus radiotherapy appears to be the treatment of choice for craniopharyngioma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 591-596 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: GH therapy ; Leukaemia ; Hypopituitarism ; Brain tumours ; Central nervous system irradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Following an initial report from Japan in 1987, 15 growth hormone (GH)-deficient patients developed leukaemia during or following GH treatment. Nearly all available pituitary and biosynthetic growth hormones have been used. In 14 of these 15 patients GH treatment was initiated in 1975 or later with doses between 4.5 and 18 IU/m2 per week. The therapy period was between 0.17 and 8.0 years. Leukaemia occurred 0.2–11 years after the start of GH treatment. GH affects normally and abnormally growing blood cells in vitro and in animal experiments, but the clinical data in humans do not indicate GH induction of tumour growth. Seven out of the 14 patients under discussion had an additional increased leukaemia risk. Two other patients had been treated only for a very short time. Though no clear evidence of a strikingly augmented leukaemia incidence in GH-treated patients is found worldwide, the available data call for increased attention.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Precocious pseudopuberty ; Ovarian follicular cysts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 6 year 11 month old girl had pseudoprecocious puberty caused by multiple ovarian follicular cysts. In contrast to previously reported patients, oestrogen levels in blood and urine were not elevated though gonadotropins were suppressed. Despite the lack of measurable oestrogen elevation the child developed distinct oestrogenic effects. After removal of large bilateral ovarian cysts endocrine aberrations normalized and precocity regressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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