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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 19 (1987), S. S84 
    ISSN: 0022-2828
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cardiac Glycosides ; Cation Transport ; Plasma Concentrations ; 86Rb-Erythrocyte-Assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The inhibitory effect of 23 cardiac glycosides, genins and derivatives on the 86Rb-uptake of human erythrocytes was measured. Proscillaridin and its acetates, methyl ethers and β-epoxide were the most active inhibitors of 86Rb-uptake, followed by ouabain, digitoxin and digoxin. Inhibition induced by genins occurred at concentrations distinctly higher than with the glycosides. Substances with 3-α-configuration were less active than those with 3-β-configuration. The glycoside concentrations exerting half maximal inhibition of 86Rb-uptake were correlated with the minimum lethal doses in guinea pigs (r=0.71) and cats (r=0.75).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 505-507 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 22 patients with heart and lung disease were examined to clarify the decrease of arterial oxygen tension after the administration of dichlorphenylaminoimidazoline (Catapresan). In 11 patients alveolar ventilation, in the other 11 patients intrapulmonary shunt was determined. Alveolar ventilation was not changed by Catapresan, intrapulmonary shunt in percent of heart minute volume, however, was increased in all cases. These findings are interpreted as an effect of Catapresan on the pulmonary vessels; intrapulmonary shunt vessels are dilated or opened. The same mechanism could be responsible for an increased perfusion of poorly ventilated areas in the lung. This would explain the relatively strong decrease of oxygen tension in patients with alterations in ventilation/perfusion ratio.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zur Klärung des O2-Spannungsabfalles unter Dichlorphenylaminoimidazolin (Catapresan) wurden 22 Herz- und Lungenkranke untersucht. Bei 11 Patienten wurde die alveolare Ventilation, bei den übrigen 11 die pulmonale Kurzschlußdurchblutung bestimmt. Die alveolare Ventilation wurde durch Catapresan nicht verändert, hingegen das Kurzschlußvolumen in Prozent des Herzminutenvolumens in allen Fällen erhöht. Die Befunde werden auf eine Gefäßwirkung des Catapresan zurückgeführt. Intrapulmonale Kurzschlußgefäße werden erweitert bzw. geöffnet. Ferner könnte durch den gleichen Mechanismus die Drosselung der Durchblutung minderbelüfteter Lungenabschnitte verringert oder aufgehoben werden, womit der verhältnismäßig starke O2-Abfall bei Patienten mit Verteilungsstörungen erklärt werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 64 (1986), S. 433-441 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; Left heart function ; Arterial hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In patients with varying degrees of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), simultaneous measurements of central hemodynamics and left ventricular radionuclide ventriculograms at rest and during exercise were made. In 21 of these patients, satisfactory echocardiograms could be performed. In seven of the patients, arterial blood pressure at rest was increased. Decreased compliance of the left ventricle was thought to be present in patients with COPD and additional arterial hypertension. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at rest was in the high normal range in all patients. During exercise, no further increase was observed. This pattern of LVEF response seems to be typical in patients with COPD. Because the highest values were observed in the more severe COPD and right ventricular hypertrophy, it is unlikely that an impairment of left ventricular function is caused by COPD. In five of 27 patients, an abnormal decrease of LVEF and regional hypokinesis occurred during exercise, thus suggesting additional coronary heart disease. The fact that at least 30% of the patients with COPD suffered from arterial hypertension and 20% of the patients exhibited unexpected ischemia detected by regional hypokinesis in RNV during exercise, but not in the ECG, may be of practical relevance. Coronary angiography was not indicated because most of these patients were over 65 and the factor limiting the working capacity was ventilatory impairment and not angina pectoris, in all patients. For this reason, a diagnostic uncertainty remains with regard to additional coronary heart disease in the older patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Myocardial ischemia ; Coronary artery disease ; Radionuclide ventriculography ; Right heart catheterization with exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A series of 13 patients with significant coronary stenoses but without prior myocardial infarction were simultaneously studied by right heart catheterization and radionuclide ventriculography to determine the extent to which abnormal responses in left ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion to maximum exercise are paralleled by abnormal left ventricular filling pressures. The correlations of the filling pressure as evaluated by the diastolic pulmonary artery pressure with both the exercise ejection fraction and the rest-to-exercise change in ejection fraction were high (r=−0.89,P〈0.01 andr=−0.76,P〈0.01, respectively). In addition, the filling-pressure response to stress separated the patients into distinct radionuclide categories. All the 7 patients with grossly abnormal filling pressures (P≥30 mmHg) developed regional wall motion abnormalities with exercise as evaluated by visual interpretation or quantitative phase analysis. These patients also had a decrease in ejection fraction from rest to exercise ranging from −9% to −32% together with an exercise ejection fraction below 50%. Conversely, these abnormalities were never found in patients with filling pressures below this threshold level. The data suggest that radionuclide ventriculography and measurement of left ventricular filling pressure with exercise yield corresponding results when assessing the functional significance of coronary stenoses in normotensive patients without prior myocardial infarction and normal global left ventricular function at rest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Anomalous pulmonary vein ; Septal defect ; Digital subtraction angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The exact analysis of an anomalous pulmonary venous return in patients with congenital shunt disease can lead to some difficulties when using the standard cateterization techniques. A left-sided anomalous pulmonary vein was suspected in a case with atrial and ventricular septal defects, but could not be evaluated during the catheterization procedure. The pathological vessel could be demonstrated exactly only by venous digital subtraction angiography. Thus, the digital subtraction angiography showed a diagnostic benefit in this complex shunt disease and should be considered in further problematic cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Glycoside ; Methylproscillaridin ; Ionotropic effect ; Glykoside ; Methylproscillaridin ; Inotropie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer Doppelblindstudie wurde bei je 7 Patienten mit Coronarinsuffizienz in randomisierter Reihenfolge entweder 1 mg Methylproscillaridin oder Placebo injiziert. Druck und maximale Druckanstiegsgeschwindigkeit wurden mit dem Katheter-Tip-Manometer vor und im Mittel 62 min nach Injektion im linken Ventrikel gemessen. Zwischen den beiden Messungen wurde eine Coronarangiographie mit Ventrikulographie durchgeführt. MP steigertdp/dt max gegenüber Placebo (p〈0,05). Der linksventrikuläre enddiastolische Druck wurde im Mittel in der Placebogruppe von 12 auf 13,7 mmHg erhöht, in der Glykosidgruppe von 16,1 auf 13,6 mm Hg gesenkt. Aufgrund der Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung kann die positiv inotrope Wirkung des Herzglykosids am Menschen angenommen werden.
    Notes: Summary In a randomized, controlled, double-blind study 2 groups of 7 patients each with coronary heart disease received either 1 mg methylproscillaridin (MP) a cardiac glycoside of the squill intravenously, or placebo to test the inotropic effect of MP. Pressures anddp/dt max were measured in the left ventricle before and after coronary angiography after an average of 62 min (60 to 70 min). There was a significant (p〈0.05) increase ofdp/dt max in the MP-group (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). Left ventricular enddiastolic pressure was decreased from 16.1 to 13.6 mm Hg in the MP-group, and increased in the placebo group from 12 to 13.7 mm Hg (mean values). Thus, a positive inotropic effect of the glycoside may be assumed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. S127 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Nitrattoleranz ; Isosorbid-5-Mononitrat ; Gallopamil ; Belastungs-EKG ; Radionuklidventrikulographie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung An Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit (KHK) wurde die Wirkung einer kontrolliert freisetzenden Formulierung von Isosorbid-5-Mononitrat (IS-5-MN) untersucht. Ziel der Studie war der Wirkungsvergleich des Arzneimittels zwischen akuter und chronischer Anwendung anhand von Ischämiezeichen. Um eine Toleranzentwicklung festzustellen, wurden veschiedene Parameter für die Ischämie beobachtet: EKG-Zeichen, klinische Parameter und linksventrikuläre Funktion. Fünfzehn Patienten mit angiographisch gesicherter KHK wurden mittels 12-Kanal-Belastungs-EKG vor, 2 Std und 4 Std nach der ersten Dosierung und nach 10 Tagen einmal täglicher Anwendung von 60 mg IS-5-MN (Coleb-Duriles®) untersucht. Nach 7 Tagen wurden drei Radionuklidventrikulographien (Kontrolle, 2 Std nach Nitratgabe und 2 Std nach Gabe von 75 mg Gallopamil) durchgeführt. Die Plasmakonzentrationen von IS-5-MN wurden vor jedem Belastungstest bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse zeigten eine Verminderung der Summe der ST-Streckensenkung am ersten Tage von 0,59 mV auf 0,29 mV nach 2 Std (ns) und nach 4 Std (P 〈 0,05) und von 0,48 mV auf 0,32 mV (P 〈 0,05) und 0,31 mV (ns) nach 10 Tagen. Der Schweregrad der ektanginösen Beschwerden war um etwa 50% verringert. Die Wirkung auf die Belastungsdauer und die Zeit bis zum Auftreten einer ST-Streckensenkung von mehr als 0,1 mV verblieb nach 10 Tagen unverändert, während der Effekt auf den Blutdruck, die Herzfrequenz und die Zeit bis zum Einsetzen der Angina vermindert war. Vor der Therapie änderte sich das Verhältnis zwischen Schlagvolumen und enddiastolischem Volumen (Auswurffraktion, EF) zwischen Ruhebedingungen und Belastung im Mittel um −5,9%. Dieser Wert war nach Nitratgabe auf −1,9% (P 〈 0,05) reduziert, während sogar ein Anstieg von + 1,4% nach Gallopamilgabe gesehen wurde (P 〈 0,01). Die Analyse der regionalen Herzwandbewegung ergab eine funktionelle Verbesserung vor allem in den ischämischen Segmenten des linken Ventrikels. Die Plasmakonzentrationen von IS-5-MN betrugen am ersten Behandlungstage 14,7, 317 und 359 ng/ml und nach 7 Tagen 94,2, 432 und 408 ng/ml. Nach 10 Tagen Therapie wurden Werte von 104, 420 und 420 ng/ml gemessen. Aus diesen Ergebnissen folgern wir, daß sich die ST-Streckensenkung und die Angina pectoris durch Gabe von 60 mg kontrolliert-freigesetztem IS-5-MN nach der ersten Dosierung und nach einmal täglicher Anwendung während 10 Tagen zu einem vergleichbaren Grad gebessert hatten. Die Analyse der globalen und regionalen Funktion nach 7 Tagen zeigte einen antiischämischen Effekt von IS-5-MN, wobei Gallopamil eine weitere Besserung hervorrief. Während der Therapie schwankten die Plasmakonzentrationen von IS-5-MN während 24 Std deutlich. Hierdurch wurde der Entwicklung einer Toleranz vorgebeugt. Die Plasmakonzentrationen 24 Std nach der letzten Nitratgabe scheinen dabei einen geringen antiischämischen Effekt zu bewirken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 7 (1974), S. 95-97 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Cardiac glycosides ; proscillaridin ; plasma levels ; 86Rb-erythrocyte assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma levels of proscillaridin, measured by a modified86Rb-erythrocyte method, have been studied in 6 healthy volunteers who received single oral doses of 2.5 mg. There were two maxima in the plasma curve, one after 0.5 h (median level 410 pg/ml) and another after 10 h (median value 390 pg/ml); and, a distinct minimum at 3 h (median value 98 pg/ml). After 24 h the median plasma concentration was 305 pg/ml, and after 48 h it was 115 pg/ml.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 38 (1990), S. S31 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nitrate tolerance ; isosorbide-5-mononitrate ; gallopamil ; exercise ECG ; radionuclide ventriculography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of a controlled-release formulation of isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IS-5-MN) was studied in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), with the aim of comparing the acute effect with that after chronic administration on parameters of ischemia. To determine whether any tolerance developed, several aspects of ischemia were observed: ECG signs, clinical parameters, and left ventricular function. Fifteen patients with angiographically proven CHD were examined with 12-lead exercise ECG before, 2 h and 4 h after the first dose and after 10 days of therapy with 60 mg IS-5-MN (Coleb-Duriles) once daily. After 7 days, three radionuclide ventriculographies were performed: control, 2 h after nitrate and 2 h after 75 mg gallopamil. Plasma concentrations of IS-5-MN were measured before every exercise test. The results showed a reduction of total ST-segment depression from 0.59 mV to 0.29 mV after 2 h (NS) and 4 h (P 〈 0.05) on the Ist day and from 0.48 mV to 0.32 mV (P 〈 0.05) and 0.31 mV (NS) after 10 days. The severity of angina pectoris was diminished by about 50%. The effect on exercise duration and time to ST-segment depression by more than 0.1 mV remained unchanged after 10 days, whereas the effect on blood pressure, heart rate and time to onset of angina was attenuated. The mean decrease in ejection fraction (EF) from rest to exercise was reduced from —5.9% to — 1.9% (P 〈 0.05) after nitrate, while an increase of + 1.4% was seen after gallopamil (P 〈 0.01). Regional wall motion analysis revealed functional improvement especially in the ischemic segments of the left ventricle. Plasma concentrations of IS-5-MN were 14.7, 317 and 359 ng/ml on the first day, 94.2, 432 and 408 ng/ml after 7, and 104, 420 and 420 ng/ml after 10 days. We conclude that ST-segment depression and angina pectoris are reduced by 60 mg controlled-release IS-5-MN after the first dose and after a once-a-day therapy for 10 days to a comparable degree. Analysis of global and regional function after 7 days demonstrates an anti-ischemic effect of IS-5MN; gallopamil leads to further improvement. Plasma concentrations of IS-5-MN vary during 24 h, which prevents the development of tolerance. The plasma concentration 24 h after the last nitrate dose seems to exert a small anti-ischemic effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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