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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of total IgE and seasonal increase of eosinophil cationic protein on bronchial hyperreactivity in asthmatic grass-sensitized farmers (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: This study correlates biomarkers of atopy (serum total and specific IgE) and inflammation (serum eosinophil cationic protein) with bronchial hyperreactivity assessed after the complete end of pollination, in a group of farmers suffering from grass-allergic asthma. Methods: A total of 28 asthmatic farmers, with allergy to grass pollen, reporting persistent asthma symptoms after grass pollination, were enrolled. An accurate allergologic screening excluded other sensitizations. Analysis of total and grass-specific IgE and eosinophil cationic protein was carried out before (March) and during (May) the following spring. After the complete end of pollination, bronchial hyperreactivity was assessed. Results: Symptoms (cough, wheezing) persisted during the autumn for a mean period of 41 days (range 13–69). Total IgE was moderately high and grass-specific IgE ranged from 9.25 to 41.12 kU/l without significant differences before and during spring. On the contrary, serum ECP levels significantly increased during the pollination period. PD20 methacholine evaluated after the end of grass pollination was negatively significantly correlated with levels of total IgE (r=−0.73; P〈0.01) and the increase (from March to May) of serum ECP (r=−0.75; P〈0.01). However, PD20 methacholine did not correlate with grass-specific IgE and serum ECP absolute values of both March and May. A positive correlation was found between number of postseasonal days with symptoms and both spring increase of serum ECP (r=0.75; P=0.04) and levels of total IgE (r=0.76; P〈0.01). The number of postseasonal days with symptoms inversely correlated with postseason PD20 methacholine (r=−0.76; P〈0.01). Conclusions: The study demonstrates that in grass-sensitized farmers with asthmatic symptoms persisting for several weeks after grass pollination has ceased, the degree of airways hyperreactivity and the duration of postseasonal symptoms are directly related to the spring increase of ECP levels, as well as to the level of total IgE in serum. This allows us to identify two candidate biomarkers for the risk of developing prolonged asthma symptoms, and for the effective monitoring of anti-inflammatory treatment and allergen-specific immunotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00676.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutaraldehyde: an occupational hazard in the hospital setting (1999)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We report a series of 24 health-care workers with respiratory symptoms suggestive of occupational asthma due to glutaraldehyde exposure. Methods: The history of asthmatic symptoms was investigated with peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) monitoring, and in eight of the subjects, the specific bronchial provocation test (SBPT) was applied as reference standard for diagnosis of occupational asthma. Levels of glutaraldehyde were monitored in the challenge chamber during the SBPT. Work environmental levels of glutaraldehyde were measured from air samples collected at least once during the PEFR monitoring of endoscopy and theatre nurses. Specific IgE antibodies to glutaraldehyde were measured with a series of glutaraldehyde modified proteins. Results: In the eight workers who underwent SBPT, the diagnosis of occupational asthma was confirmed by a positive reaction (late and dual reaction in five and in three subjects, respectively). The mean level of glutaraldehyde observed during the challenge tests was 0.075 mg/m3 (range 0.065–0.084 mg/m3). In 13 out of the 16 remaining workers, the serial PEFR monitoring showed a work-related effect. In three workers, there was no physiological confirmation of occupational asthma. Levels of glutaraldehyde from the air samples collected in the workplace were as follows: personal short-term samples (mean 0.208 mg/m3; median 0.14 mg/m3; range 0.06–0.84 mg/m3), personal long-term samples (mean 0.071 mg/m3; median 0.07 mg/m3; range 0.003–0.28 mg/m3). Measurements of specific IgE antibodies to glutaraldehyde-modified proteins were positive in seven patients (29.1%) according to a cutoff value of 0.88% RAST binding. The presence of atopy to common environmental allergens and smoking was not associated with specific IgE positivity (P〉0.05; Fisher's exact test). Conclusions: Our report indicates the importance of glutaraldehyde as an occupational hazard among exposed health-care workers. Intervention in the workplace, training of personnel handling this chemical, and accurate health surveillance may reduce the risk of developing occupational asthma due to glutaraldehyde.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00239.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of a short tandem repeat locus on chromosome 19 (D19S253) (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 108 (1996), S. 256-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: DNA typing ; PCR ; STRs ; D19S253
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract A tetranucleotide tandem repeat locus on chromosome 19 (D19S253) was analysed. PCR products were detected by denaturing polyacrylamide gels with fluorescent-based technology. This study has confirmed a polymorphism with 9 alleles ranging from 209 to 241 by with a simple repeat structure arranged from 7 to 15 repeats. Family studies confirmed mendelian inheritance of alleles. The efficiency on DNA extracted from bloodstains and cigarette butts has been evaluated. The protocol has shown sensitivity and reproducibility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01369821
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postsynaptic bimodal effect of sulpiride on locomotor activity induced by pergolide in catecholamine-depleted mice (1988)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 337 (1988), S. 115-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: D-1/D-2 receptors ; Reserpine ; Akinesia ; Locomotor activity ; Pergolide ; Sulpiride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In reserpinized (5 mg/kg, s.c.) mice treated with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (200+100 mg/kg, i.p.), increasing doses of the D-2 antagonist sulpiride had varying effects on locomotor activity induced by the mixed D-1/D-2 agonist pergolide (2 mg/kg, s.c.). Low doses of sulpiride (1 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly enhanced this activity whereas at higher doses (50 mg/kg) an inhibitory effect was observed. Amphetamine (3 mg/kg, i.p.) failed to reverse akinesia in this animal model, precluding the possibility of a presynaptically mediated phenomenon; in contrast, mice receiving reserpine alone showed a high degree of locomotor activity when challenged with amphetamine. The bimodal effect of sulpiride is thought to be mediated either by two different D-2 receptors located on the same cell or by the same receptor with different topographical localization on postsynaptic neurons mediating opposite functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169487
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoamine oxidase inhibition by d-amphetamine in ganglia and nerve endings (1982)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 38 (1982), S. 844-845 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity by d-amphetamine was measured in homogenates of cat superior cervical ganglion and nictitating membrane, using tyramine (TM) and noradrenaline (NA) as substrates. In both tissues, d-amphetamine was shown to be a competitive inhibitor of the oxidation of TM. The Ki for d-amphetamine, as a MAO inhibitor, was lower in the ganglia than in the peripheral nerve endings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01972307
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex hormones and concentration of noradrenalin and dopamine in the anterior hypothalamus of castrated rats (1967)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 23 (1967), S. 665-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Autoren stellen fest, dass bei Ratten durch Kastration der Gehalt an Noradrenalin und Dopamin im vordern Teil des Hypothalamus ansteigt. Erst hohe Dosen von Östradiol und Progesteron können den Kastrationseffekt wieder zum Verschwinden bringen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02144190
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the central vestibular projections in man: a positron emission tomography activation study (1994)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 99 (1994), S. 164-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibular system ; Representation of space ; Positron emission tomography ; Unilateral neglect ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cerebral representation of space depends on the integration of many different sensory inputs. The vestibular system provides one such input and its dysfunction can cause profound spatial disorientation. Using positron emission tomography (PET), we measured regional cerebral perfusion with various vestibular stimulations to map central vestibular projections and to investigate the cerebral basis of spatial disorientation. We showed that the temporoparietal cortex, the insula, the putamen, and the anterior cingulate cortex are the cerebral projections of the vestibular system in man and that the spatial disorientation caused by unilateral vestibular stimulation is associated with their asymmetric activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00241421
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural control of fast-regular saccades and antisaccades: an investigation using positron emission tomography (1997)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 116 (1997), S. 50-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Saccades ; PET ; Attentional disengagement ; Parietal lobe ; Frontal eye fields
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Regional cerebral blood flow changes related to the performance of two oculomotor tasks and a central fixation task were compared in ten healthy human subjects. The tasks were: (a) performance of fast-regular saccades; (b) performance of voluntary antisaccades away from a peripheral cue; (c) passive maintenance of central visual fixation in the presence of irrelevant peripheral stimulation. The saccadic task was associated with a relative increase in activity in a number of occipitotemporal areas. Compared with both the fixation and the saccadic task, the performance of antisaccades activated a set of areas including: the superior and inferior parietal lobules, the precentral and prefrontal cortex, the cingulate cortex, and the supplementary motor area. The results of the present study suggest that: (a) compared with self-determined saccadic responses the performance of fast regular, reflexive saccades produces a limited activation of the frontal eye fields; (b) in the antisaccadic task the inferior parietal lobes subserve operations of sensory-motor integration dealing with attentional disengagement from the initial peripheral cue (appearing at an invalid spatial location) and with the recomputation of the antisaccadic vector on the basis of the wrong (e.g., spatially opposite) information provided by the same cue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005744
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The isotope effect of tritium in3H-noradrenaline (1983)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 323 (1983), S. 128-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: 3H-Noradrenaline ; Isotope effect ; Neuronal and extraneuronal uptake ; Monoamine oxidase ; Catechol-O-methyl transferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a variety of tissues of organs3H-(−)-7-,3H-(−)-7,8 and3H-(−)-2,5,6-noradrenaline were compared, partly also with unlabelled (−)-noradrenaline. The following isotope effects were found: 1. Neuronal uptake (vas deferens, rabbit heart): tritium reduced the neuronal uptake by a factor of 1.3 to 2.0 (reduction:3H-7-〈3H-7,8-〈3H-2,5,6-noradrenaline). 2. Extraneuronal uptake (rat heart): tritium reduced the extraneuronal uptake of noradrenaline by a factor of 1.3 to 1.8 (reduction:3H-7-〈3H-7,8-〈3H-2,5,6-noradrenaline). 3. Monoamine oxidase (MAO; homogenates of rat heart):3H-7-noradrenaline was a better substrate than was unlabelled noradrenaline, but3H-7,8- and3H-2,5,6-noradrenaline were inferior substrates. 4. Neuronal and extraneuronal deaminating systems: in the intact cells of the rat vas deferens (neuronal deaminating system) or of the rat heart exposed to cocaine (extraneuronal deaminating system) the low rate constant characterizing the deamination of3H-7,8- and3H-2,5,6-noradrenaline resulted in high intracellular concentrations of3H-noradrenaline; consequently, the low rate constant failed to greatly affect steady-state rates of deamination. 5. Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT): in rat heart homogenates the rate constant for the O-methylation of3H-noradrenaline was: unlabelled (−)-noradrenaline=3H-(−)-7-noradrenaline〉3H-(−)-2,5,6-noradrenaline. 6. Extraneuronal O-methylating system (rat heart exposed to cocaine): steady-state rates of formation of3H-NMN were higher for3H-7- than for3H-7,8-noradrenaline, but an inverse relationship was found for the intracellular accumulation of labelled amine. It is concluded that tritium has an isotope effect, the magnitude of which depends on its position in the noradrenaline molecule. However, except for the hindrance of dedamination by tritium in position 8, all isotope effects reported here were rather small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00634260
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopic evidence that bretylium and pargyline delay adrenergic nerve degeneration after sympathectomy of the pineal gland (1982)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 319 (1982), S. 136-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Nerve degeneration ; Noradrenaline ; Pargyline ; Bretylium ; Pineal gland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seventeen and twenty four hours after sympathetic denervation, noradrenaline stores of the rat pineal gland were depleted to 50% and 10% of controls, respectively. Electron microscopic studies showed the coexistence of normal and altered nerve endings 17 h after denervation, while 24 h after denervation, only degenerated nerve terminals were observed. Treatment with pargyline (512 μmoles/kg) or bretylium (24 μmoles/kg) significantly delayed the loss of noradrenaline from denervated glands. In pargyline treated rats, 17 h after denervation, noradrenaline stores were 90% of control glands. After bretylium, values obtained 24 h after denervation, declined to 36% of innervated glands. Persistence of neurotransmitter coincided with the presence of normal nerve endings as observed electron microscopically. It is concluded that both, pargyline and bretylium, prolonged the survival of nerve endings severed from the cell body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503926
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