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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the pH of the extraction medium on the composition of birch (Betula verrucas a) pollen extracts (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 50 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Extracts from birch (Betula verrucosa) pollen were prepared at different pH, with constant pH monitoring and adjustment to preset values in the range 5.5-8.5. The total protein content of these extracts was directly correlated with the pH. Coomassie brilliant blue-stained isoelectric focusing and SDS-PAGE gels and immunoblot analysis demonstrated qualitative differences: some proteins were lost while others appeared when pH was changed. At pH 8.5, formerly unknown birch pollen allergens were detected with pi 9, 9.10, and 9.30 by about 30% of birch pollen-sensitive sera. Birch pollen extracts prepared at a pH close to neutrality, namely, 6.5 and 7.5, showed the greatest protein and different allergen diversity. Thus, extraction pH values are necessary to analyze the whole pattern of allergenic components in an extract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01173.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haptoglobin Interacts with the Human Mast Cell Line HMC-1 and Inhibits its Spontaneous Proliferation (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 55 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase reactant produced by hepatocytes. There is evidence for an immunomodulatory potential of Hp, though there is no clear evidence yet about the mechanisms of this action. We have previously shown that Hp interacts with the β2-integrin CD11b/CD18. In addition, other investigators reported the binding of Hp to B lymphocytes through the CD22 receptor, and to neutrophils through two different receptors.In the present study, we investigated the interaction of haptoglobin with the human mast cell line HMC-1. We report that fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled haptoglobin binds to this cell line and that binding is increased by calcium in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Hp binding sites on HMC-1 were upregulated upon stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)/A23187 and after treatment with anti-CD43 and anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). HMC-1 cells do not express either CD11b/CD18 or CD22 receptors, indicating that the haptoglobin-binding receptor on this cell line is different from the known receptors. Assessment of cell function showed that Hp inhibits the spontaneous growth of HMC-1 up till 40% at higher Hp concentrations, but it did not exhibit any effect on the expression of CD54 on the release of either tryptase or IL-1ra.In conclusion, haptoglobin binds specifically to human mast cells via a receptor different from CD11b/CD18 and CD22, and may play a role in the modulation of mast cell functions. Exploration of Hp effects in mast cell-dependent diseases such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria seems warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01067.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Safety and efficacy of a 12-week maintenance interval in patients treated with Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 24 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It is currently recommended to administer a maintenance dose of 100 μg of venom at 4–6 week intervals for Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (VIT), Because the optimal duration of therapy is not known, we decided to progressively prolong the interval between maintenance injections instead of accepting the risk of anaphylactic reactions when VIT is discontinued after a predetermined period. We report here on the results of a first phase of this interval extension programme, covering the gradual increase of the interval from 1-12 weeks over 19 months in 178 patients. A 12-week interval maintenance VIT could be achieved in 117/128 (91%) of yellow jacket venom (YJV) and in 35/50(70%) of honeybee venom (HBV) allergic patients. At the lime of the interview these 152 patients had been treated with 12-weekly 100 μg venom injections for an average period of 2 years without any untoward reaction to VIT. During this period of 48 YJV allergy sufferers experienced 77 field re-stings without systemic reaction (SR), and 17 HBV allergic subjects were restung at least 213 times in total, with one patient developing a very large local reaction and one a mild systemic reaction. In 26 of the 17S patients the interval of 12 weeks was not reached for various reasons, with a higher failure rate among the HBV allergic patients. Most Hymenoptera venom allergic patients can thus be safely and effectively treated with 12-weekly injections of 100 μg venom.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00914.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence and clinical relevance of specific immunoglobulin E to pollen caused by sting- induced specific immunoglobulin E to cross-reacting carbohydrate determinants in Hymenoptera venoms (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Hymenoptera stings can induce specific IgE (sIgE) to carbohydrate determinants (CD) on venom glycoproteins that cross-react with CD in pollen. sIgE to such cross-reacting CD (CCD) are believed to have little or no biological activity and thus may cause misdiagnosis of pollen sensitization after a sting.Objective To determine the prevalence of multiple false positive CAP results to pollen because of sting induced anti-CCD sIgE in Hymenoptera venom (HV) allergic patients and to investigate the association of such anti-CCD sIgE with features of ‘atopy’.Methods Skin prick tests (SPT) and CAP tests with grass, tree and weed pollen and with house dust mite (HDM) were carried out prospectively in 259 HV allergic patients and CAP tests with honeybee (HBV) and yellow jacket (YJV) venom were performed. Patients with negative pollen SPT associated with positive CAP tests to all three pollen groups were operationally defined as ‘CCD positive’. We investigated in selected ‘CCD positive’ patients the presence of anti-CCD sIgE by CAP tests with bromelain and studied the identity of CD in HVs and pollen by mutual sIgE inhibition tests with CD from proteinase treated HBV (HBV-CD) and Lolium perenne (Lol-CD) extracts.Results sIgE to all three pollen groups without positive SPT or history was found in 16% of 259 patients. The presence of anti-CCD sIgE was substantiated by positive CAP tests with bromelain in 14/14 and by inhibition of all pollen CAP tests with HBV-CD in 8/9 and with Lol-CD in 2/2 patients. Double venom (DV) positive CAP tests were present in 93% of ‘CCD positive’ patients and were in some associated with DV skin test positivity and allergy. The prevalence of ‘CCD positivity’ was significantly higher among HBV (23%) than among YJV (11%) allergic patients, but was also unexpectedly high among those with DV allergy (47%). ‘CCD positive’ patients were younger, had a higher total IgE and more sIgE to HDM than ‘CCD negative’ patients.Conclusion We have shown that the risk in HV allergic patients for misdiagnosis of multivalent pollen sensitization is 16%, and we have confirmed that sting induced anti-pollen sIgE are directed to similar CD in venoms and pollen. We found evidence that the recognition of CCD might be related to the ‘atopic’ trait. Importantly, a positive bromelain CAP test does not exclude clinical reactivity to both venoms in ‘CCD positive’ HV allergic patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02217.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhalative occupational and ingestive immediate-type allergy caused by chicory (Cichorium intybus) (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report a first case of occupational allergy to chicory (Cichorium intybus) in a vegetable wholesaler. Symptoms occurred after oral, cutaneous or inhalatory exposure. The patient also reported reactions after ingestion of botanically related endive (Cichorium endivia) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa.) We identified the responsible allergen by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot to be a 48-kDa protein, confined to the non-illuminated parts of the plants. No cross-reactivity was found with mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris) ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and birch (Betula verrucosa) pollen, which suggests that the vegetable is the primary allergenic material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00630.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational allergy to bumble bee venom (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The clinical profile of anaphylactic reactions to bumble bees is described and successful immunotherapy with honey bee venom in seven bumble bee allergic patients is reported. The cause of the high frequency of sensitization to pollen in these patients is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00881.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of independent risk factors and comparative analysis of diagnostic methods for immediate type latex allergy in spina bifida patients (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Development of allergy to natural rubber latex in spina bifida patients is determined by several risk factors, such as age, number of interventions and atopic disease that are, however, interdependent. Furthermore, several diagnostic procedures have been analysed, but a comprehensive analysis of their diagnostic significance is lacking.Objective To determine the independent major risk factor(s) for development of natural rubber latex allergy and the most valuable diagnostic procedure.Methods In aselectively collected spina bifida patients, we correlated existing natural rubber latex allergy with age, sex, atopy and the number of hospitalizations and of surgical interventions in appropriately matched subgroups. Allergy to natural rubber latex was established by application of a latex glove fragment on the skin. Skin-prick tests with glove eluate, a natural latex extract and a commercial latex extract were carried out as were specific IgE measurements by radioimmuno assay (RAST-CAP). The results of the latex application test are compared with the other diagnostic methods.Results Out of 74 fully evaluated patients, 17 had a positive application test. The number of surgical interventions correlates strongly with the presence of natural rubber latex allergy (P 〈 0.0002), independent of age, sex and presence of atopy. Skin-prick tests with unstandardized allergens made from known high allergenic latex gloves represent the most sensitive diagnostic method, with the highest negative predictive value and a specificity of 0.95. RAST-CAP was the next best method with a specificity of 0.93, a sensitivity of 0.89 and a negative predictive value of 0.97.Conclusion The number of surgical interventions is the major independent determining factor for allergy to natural rubber latex in spina bifida patients. Unstandardized skin-prick tests are the most sensitive and specific diagnostic tool, but RAST-CAP is almost equally performant and therefore a valid alternative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb01259.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid-cycle PCR detection of Pyrenophora graminea from barley seed (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 50 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Sixty RAPD primers were used to screen for a diagnostic marker that could be used to identify Pyrenophora graminea, a fungal seedborne pathogen that causes leaf stripe on barley. Primer pairs were designed to differentiate P. graminea from other Pyrenophora spp. using a sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) approach. A pair of P. graminea-specific primers (PG2 F/R) was obtained that amplified a single fragment from 37 isolates of P. graminea tested, but not from 29 isolates of other Pyrenophora spp. or 12 saprophytes isolated from barley seed. Rapid PCR detection was achieved using a LightCycler, in which the emission of fluorescence from the binding of SYBR Green I dye to the PCR products is measured. The P. graminea-specific product resulting from amplification with PG2 F/R can be distinguished from any nonspecific products by post-PCR melting point analysis. The PCR assay involves 40 amplification cycles of PCR, and the total PCR test including melting point analysis takes 25 min to complete. The rapidity of this test, combined with the closed ‘in-tube’ detection of PCR products, which reduces the potential for contamination, offers significant advantages compared with conventional laboratory and PCR analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2001.00563.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of sucrose on the quality of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) pollen extracts (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 50 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We studied the protein-stabilizing properties of sucrose, in the extraction medium, on the composition and stability of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) pollen extracts. The effect of 0.5 M and 1 M sucrose was assessed in the presence and absence of 0.5% phenol, which is commonly used as a disinfectant in industrially prepared allergenic extracts. In the absence of phenol, sucrose improves the stability of extracts during storage, but it has little influence on the extraction process. In the presence of 0.5% phenol, however, both the quality of fresh extracts and the stability are greatly improved by 0.5 M and by 1 M sucrose, as shown by electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and RAST-inhibition experiments. The protection afforded by sucrose against the degrading effect of phenol is particularly evident for the major allergen Lol p 1 and for a set of basic allergens. In this respect, sucrose has been found to be superior to glycerol, on an equimolar basis. One may envisage the use of 0.5 M sucrose in allergenic extracts for intradermal testing and immunotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb02505.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prazosin, pharmacokinetics and concentration effect (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 16 (1979), S. 177-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: prazosin ; alpha receptor blockade ; blood pressure ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics and effects of prazosin have been studied after intravenous and oral dosing (1 mg) to 6 normal male volunteers. The mean terminal (β) half-life was 2.9 h after intravenous and oral routes. Oral bioavailability was 56.9%. The effects of prazosin on blood pressure were more pronounced after intravenous than oral administration, and the hypotensive effect greater on erect blood pressure. There was a significant correlation (P〈0.02) between the fall in blood pressure and the plasma drug concentration after intravenous prazosin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562058
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