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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Étude par cryofracture de l'organisation lamellaire de lipides intercellulaires dans le stratum corneum humain après application topique de céramides (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 15 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Il est possible de remédier à une carence des complexes lipidiques de la couche cornée grâce à des produits cosmétiques de remplacement. La place prépondérante qu'occupent les céramides parmi les lipides intercellulaires du stratum corneum et dans l'enveloppe des cornéocytes nous a conduits à élaborer une suspension aqueuse de céramides sous forme de liposomes. Ce produit a été appliqué et ses effets analysés sur un modèle de stratum corneum délipidé. La comparaison entre le résultat de cette expérimentation et le stratum corneum normal révèle à l'échelle ultrastructurale la présence de figures intercellulaires multilamellaires très semblables dans les deux cas. Les céramides sous forme de liposomes se sont structurées en feuillets analogues à ceux du ciment naturel. La méthode de cryofracture appliquée ici est particulièrement adaptée pour visualiser et suivre le devenir de ces céramides en microscopie électronique.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉SynopsisThe multilamellar structure of intercellular lipids may be examined by cryofracture. These lipids function particularly as a moisture barrier in the stratum corneum (SC) and as an intercellular cement which may be present in excess or be deficient due to physiological abnormalities or external aggression. Any deficiency may be remedied by application of the appropriate cosmetic products. The major role played by ceramides in this cement and in the corneocyte envelope has led to studies of the application of ceramides in the form of liposomesThe object of this paper is to visualize on an ultrastructural scale the fate of ceramides applied to a model SC. The following types of SC have been examined: intact SC; SC defatted by chloroform containing methanol; defatted SC treated by ceramide containing liposomes. These three structures were prepared as cryofracture preparations and examined by transmission electron microscopy. The intact SC samples showed the classic intercellular cement in lamellar 5–10 nm minimum thickness. This cement was absent in the defatted SC. After treatment with ceramide liposomes an intercellular lamellar structure similar to that observed in intact SC could be observed. Cryofracture appears to be a technique well adapted to demonstrate the fate of ceramides in electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2494.1993.tb00590.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperpigmentation Following Treatment for a Brain Tumor (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 3 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: After radiotherapy and chemotherapy for treatment of a brain tumor, hyperpigmentation occured in a Caucasian man. Ultrastructural examination of the hyperpigmented skin revealed melanocytes often very prominent and extending down into the papillary dermis. These melanocytes seemed to be increased in number and contained large cytoplasmic lipidic vacuoles. Most striking was the prominent alteration in melanosome distribution within the keratinocytes. The melanosomes were mainly nonaggregated, as in negroids and were no longer arranged in membrane-bound groups, as is usually found in Caucasian skin. Most melanosomes were completely melanized and their greatest length was 0.65 μ. An increase in the number of melanosomes was apparent. The present study shows that the basis for this hyperpigmentation is in part similar to that of UVL plus psoralen or topical application of nitrogen mustard, in that melanosomes in Caucasians remain un-aggregated in the keratinocyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1976.tb00872.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progressive macular hypomelanosis of the trunk: primary acquired hypopigmentation (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 15 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Dermatological practice in Martinique frequently encounters a bizarre skin condition presenting as a progressive and extensive hypomelanosis on the back. The course of this disorder is highly characteristic: it occurs mainly in females from 18–25 years of age, with a progressive development of round, pale, coalescent macules on the back and sometimes on the abdomen. This disease, which does not respond to therapy, spontaneously regresses within 3 to 4 years. Decreased epidermal melanin is the only histological feature. Ultrastructural examination of two cases found that the macular lesions were characterized by a switch from Stage IV single melanosomes (negroid) to small Type I-III aggregated melanosomes (caucasoid). It may thus be stated that the variation in skin coloration in these patients was due to a variation in melanosome size and distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1988.tb00561.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear cutaneous neuromas (dermatoneurie en stries): a limited phakomatosis with striated pigmentation corresponding to cutaneous hyperneury (featuring multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome?) (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 14 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 60-year-old woman developed a progressive linear pigmentation on the trunk. Skin biopsy demonstrated an increase in the number and size of neural fibers in the dermis. Clinical and paraclinical investigations of this unusual disease showed findings similar to the hereditary type of Sipple syndrome (multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, Type 2b). Such findings as Marfanoid habitus, abnormal electromyography and hypertrophy of the conical nerves suggest that our patient's disease and Sip-pie syndrome are identical. However, such other symptoms of Sipple syndrome as presence of endocrine tumors are absent. Questions of long-term prognosis and physiopathogenicity are raised, since no nerve growth factor was detected in this patient. The name of linear cutaneous neuromas is suggested for the patient's lesions, and a possible association with the pigmentation and cutaneous neuromas of the MEN 2b syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1987.tb00125.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of Halo Nevi (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 2 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An ultrastructural study was conducted on eight halo nevi. Some of them were of recent onset. Others had an evolution of several months. The distribution of the population of the dendritic cells in the depigmented epidermis of the halo was more polymorphous at the early stage when few melanocytes with abundant cytofilaments and some Langerhans cells were seen. At an advanced clinical stage, only Langerhans cells were present in the basal layer. In the dermis abnormal nerves as in vitiligo were observed. The inflammatory infiltrate does not seem to appear at the early stage of involution of the nevus. At the advanced clinical stage, small mononuclear cells were also noticed among the inflammatory cells (lymphocyte-like cells, macrophages, mast cells). It is suggested that an initial stage of inhibition of both the melanocytes and the nevus cells may be responsible for the development of the depigmented halo. This stage precedes the appearance of a dermal lymphomacrophagic infiltrate that leads to the destruction of the nevus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1975.tb00210.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure de l'hypophyse de Gambusia sp. (Poisson teleosteen) in situ et greffee a long terme - I. Paris distalis rostrale
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    General and Comparative Endocrinology 38 (1979), S. 253-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-6480
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(79)90214-4
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and differentiation of normal human melanocytes in a TPA-free, cholera toxin-free, low-serum medium and influence of keratinocytes (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 285 (1993), S. 385-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Melanocyte culture ; Differentiation ; Keratinocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Melanocyte cultures were obtained from a modification of the keratinocyte culture system MCDB153. Either promelanocytes or mature melanocytes were selected from epidermal cell primary cultures. Pure subcultures of actively dividing melanocytes of both types were grown in a low-serum medium totally deprived of TPA and cholera toxin called melanocyte growth medium (MGM). Early passaged cells from MGM primary cocultures were similar to normal adult human melanocytes in vivo, exhibiting numerous melanosomes, strong dopa positivity and a high dendricity. The ability of MGM to support melanocyte growth was mainly a consequence of its basic composition, combined with a low serum concentration. Bovine pituitary extract significantly enhanced melanocyte growth. Using complete MGM, in the absence of mitogens and keratinocytes, cell growth was maintained, but the differentiation of melanocytes decreased. The presence of keratinocytes was found to promote melanocyte growth. The coculture system used strongly suggests the action of soluble keratinocyte-derived factors. Keratinocyte contact was necessary to sustain melanocyte dendricity and melanization. Melanization and dendricity behaved mostly as independent features when keratinocyte influence was withheld. Our results underline the essential role of keratinocytes in the regulation of melanocyte growth and differentiation in a physiological culture system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372130
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collagen studies in congenital cutis laxa (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 279 (1987), S. 308-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Congenital cutis laxa ; Collagen synthesis ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of congenital cutis laxa (CCL) of unclear mode of inheritance associated with multiple pulmonary artery branch stenosis was extensively investigated to assess possible correlations between clinical, ultrastructural, and biochemical features. Light microscopy revealed that elastic fibers were absent in the papillary dermis, while hypoplastic elsewhere. Transmission electron microscopy showed a poor elastin matrix content in some elastic fibers, variable diameters of collagen fibrils, and abundant glycogen granules in most dermal cells. Measurement of collagen fibril diameters, using an image analyzer, was carried out in the patient and two age- and site-matched controls. A biomodal distribution was found in the upper reticular dermis of the patient. In vitro analysis of collagen in skin fibroblast cultures of the patient showed increased collagen synthesis with a balanced production of type I and type III procollagens. Our study confirms that CCL represents a disorder both of collagen and elastic connective tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431223
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