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  • 1
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir — Congenital hypothyroidism results in cretinism if not diagnosed and treated shortly after birth. A defect in iodide transport is one rare cause of congenital hypothyroidism1. Recent identification of the Na+/I− symporter (MS)2,3 enabled us to elucidate the molecular basis of an ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: multiple endocrine neoplasia ; natural history ; thyroid medullary carcinoma ; pheochromocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The records of 18 patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A in a family consisting of 87 members in 5 generations, were reviewed with respect to age at onset and length of survival in a study of the natural history of this syndrome. Of these 18 patients, 8 were alive following surgical treatment, while 10 had died without treatment. The clinical onset of medullary thyroid carcinoma was noticed as a nodule in the neck at between 17 and 34 years of age (mean 24 years); the onset of pheochromocytoma was characterized by palpitation, hypertensive attacks or recurrent headache at between 17 and 42 years of age (mean 27 years); and death occurred in 10 patients at between 23 and 67 years of age (mean 40.6 years). This information on the age at onset of individual clinical manifestations, and on the length of survival of gene carriers, may be useful for clinicians who are asked to assess the risk of the development of this syndrome in a genetically predisposed asymptomatic individual, because screening tests are often refused by members of Japanese families with MEN type 2A.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: breast cancer ; parasternal lymph node ; extended radical mastectomy ; postoperative irradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to establish a therapeutic approach for primary breast cancer of medial and central origin, we reviewed 183 patients who had been treated by one of the following three modalities at the Second Department of Surgery, Osaka University Medical School between January, 1965 and December, 1980. Group A (n=70): standard radical mastectomy alone; Group B (n=34): standard radical mastectomy followed by postoperative irradiation to the parasternal and supraclavicular regions, and; Group C (n=62): extended radical mastectomy that included removal of the parasternal lymph nodes. The background factors of the three groups were not significantly different. The overall survival five and ten years following surgery in the three groups were 91 per cent and 79 per cent in group A, 82 per cent and 67 per cent in group B, and 82 per cent and 70 per cent in group C, respectively, showing no significant difference in overall survival among the three groups. When the patients were classified according to the extent of axillary lymph node involvement, there was no difference in survival among the three treatments in patients who had less than three lymph node metastases in the axilla. However, treatment of the parasternal lymph nodes improved survival in the patients who had more than four lymph node metastases in the axilla. Parasternal lymph node involvement definitely worsened the prognosis, showing it to be a good prognostic factor. Thus, extended radical mastectomy should be considered for patients with breast cancer of medial or central location, when extended axillary lymph node involvement is found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: ovarian carcinoma ; intestine ; fistula ; angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: ovarian carcinoma ; intestine ; fistula ; angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe herein an extremely rare case of clear cell type ovarian carcinoma resulting in fistula formation into the colon and intestine. The patient was a 61-year-old woman in whom a large tumor with extravasation from the sigmoid colon was found by barium enema examination. The tumor was preoperatively diagnosed as left ovarian cancer by angiography which showed the tumor feeder arising from the left ovarian and uterine arteries.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: breast ; phyllodes tumor ; epilepsy ; anticonvulsant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Phyllodes tumor is an uncommon breast neoplasm characterized by a proliferation of both stromal and epithelial elements. In 1989, two young patients with phyllodes tumors were referred to our surgical department because of the detection of breast lumps. Interestingly, both patients also had epilepsy and had been taking anticonvulsants. An analytical case control study revealed that no significant difference between the control group and phyllodes group was found for various categories. In addition, no anticonvulsant medication had been prescribed in either the control group or the phyllodes group except for these two cases. We herein report two cases of phyllodes tumors occurring in two young epileptic patients.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 16 (1992), S. 581-582 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le taux de calcitonine sérique avant (S1) et après (S2) l'acte chirurgical ont été mesurés chez 67 patients ayant un cancer médullaire de la thyroïde; on a ensuite mesuré les taux de calcotonine de façon répétée pendant 7 ans en moyenne. Le temps de doublement de calcitonine a été calculé chez les patients ayant des taux élevés de calcitonine en postopératoire. En assumant que le taux de calcitonine augmente proportionnellement au poids tumoral, le poids tumoral résiduel (W2=W1S2/(S1−S2) où W1=poids de la tumeur réséquée. L'index de réduction (α) est défini par W2/(W1+W2)=(1/2) puissanceα. Le produitαT2 indique la prolongation de survie procurée par l'acte chirurgical (PSP). L'index de survie (β) se définit par le nombre de doublements de la tumeur résiduelle jusqu'à ce qu'elle pèse 1,000 g, ce qui provoque en général la mort du patient. La durée espérée de survie après chirurgie (DES)=βT2. La survenue de mort avant 3 ans, ou de récidive avant 5 ans était corrélée au mieux avec une PSP courte, suivie d'un T2 court ou d'unα petit. S2 était peu corrélé et S pratiquement pas corrélé du tout avec le pronostic. La durée de survie chez 3 patients morts de leur maladie était très près de la DES. T2 indique le taux de croissance de la tumeur,α indique le degré de radicalité de la chirurgie, PSP indique les effets d la chirurgie, et DES la durée de survie après chirurgie. Ces paramètres permettent d'évaluer quantitativement les effets de la chirurgie et d'établir le pronostic de chaque patient.
    Abstract: Resumen Los niveles de calcitonina sérica fueron medidos antes (S1 y después (S2) de la cirugía en 67 pacientes con carcinoma medular de tiroides y los pacientes fueron seguidos con mediciones seriadas de calcitonina durante un promedio de 7 anos. El tiempo de doblaje de la calcitonina fue calculado en los pacientes con niveles postoperatorios elevados de calcitonina. Bajo la presunción de que el nivel sérico de calcitonina se correlaciona en forma linear con el peso del tumor, el peso residual del tumor (W2) puede ser estimado como W1S2/(S1−S2), donde W1 es el peso del tumor resecado. El índice de reducción (α) es definido como W2/(W1+W2)=(1/2)α.αT2 indica la prolongación esperada de la supervivencia (PES) por la cirugía. El indice de supervivencia (β) es definido como el número de doblajes del tumor residual hasta un peso de 1,000 g, el cual generalmente mata al paciente. La duratión esperada de la supervivencia (DES) después de la cirugía es definida comoβT2. La muerte dentro de los 3 años despues de la cirugía o la recurrencia dentro de los 5 anos apareció más íntimamente asociada con una corta PES, seguida de una corta T2 o pequeñoα. S2 presentó una correlación débil, y S1 casi ninguna, con el pronóstico. La duración de la supervivencia en 3 pacientes que murieron de la enfermedad apareció muy cercana a la DES. T2 indica la tasa de crecimiento del tumor,α indica el grado de radicalidad de la cirugía, PES indica los efectos de la cirugía, y DES indica la duración de la supervivencia después de la cirugía. Estos parámetros permiten una apreciación cuantitativa del efecto de la cirugía y una predicción cuantitativa del pronóstico en cada paciente.
    Notes: Abstract Serum calcitonin levels before (S1) and after (S2) surgery were measured in 67 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma and the patients were followed with serial calcitonin measurements for a mean duration of 7 years. The calcitonin doubling time (T2) was calculated in patients with elevated postoperative calcitonin levels. Assuming that the serum calcitonin level is linearly correlated with tumor weight, the residual tumor weight (W2) is estimated as W1S2/(S1−S2) where W1 is the weight of the resected tumor. The reduction index (α) is defined as W2/(W1+W2)=(1/2)α.α T 2 indicates the expected prolongation in survival (EPS) by surgery. The survival index (β)is defined as the number of doublings of residual tumor until it weighs 1,000 g, which would generally kill the host. The expected duration of survival (EDS) after surgery is estimated as β T 2.Death within 3 years after surgery or recurrence within 5 years was best associated with short EPS followed by short T 2 or smallα.S 2 had a rather weak correlation and S 1 had almost no correlation with the prognosis. The duration of survival in 3 patients who died of the disease was very close to the EDS. T 2 indicates growth rate of the tumor,α indicates degree of radicality of the surgery, EPS indicates the effects of the surgery, and EDS indicates duration of survival after surgery. These parameters allow quantitative judgment of the effect of surgery and quantitative prediction of the prognosis in each patient.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The gene responsible for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) has recently been assigned to the pericentromeric region of chromsome 10 in European Caucasian kindreds by linkage analysis using a DNA marker, interstitial retinol-binding protein 3 (RBP3). We have found tight linkage between the MEN2A and RBP3 loci in Japanese MEN2A kindreds. The maximum lod score is 5.19 at a recombination fraction of 0.00. This result suggests that mutation of a certain gene close to RBP3 is responsible for MEN2A irrespective of ethnic backgrounds.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A genomic cosmid library was constructed from a Chinese hamster/human hybrid cell containing human intact chromosome 22 as its only human component. Of 1000 cosmids with inserts derived from human chromosome 22, 191 were tested for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). As a result, 64 clones detected RFLPs, including five variable number of tandem repeats systems. Of the remaining 127 cosmids, 111 detected a single copy sequence on human chromosome 22. Five somatic cell hybrids allowed us to assign all of the 64 polymorphic cosmids and 44 non-polymorphic cosmids to four different regions of human chromosome 22. In two patients with DiGeorge syndrome, one of the cosmids that had been sublocalized to 22pter-q11 detected hemizygosity. These 108 cosmid markers regionally assigned to human chromosome 22 should be useful for the construction of long-range physical maps and the identification of genetic alterations on the chromosome.
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