Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The distribution of cholinesterase activity in the human sensory and autonomic nervous system was studied histochemically by theKoelle's method under the hypothesis that the neurons with cholinesterase activity were cholinergic. 2. The cholinesterase activity in the sensory corpuschles of the skin and the mucous membrane, the taste buds of the tongue and the bipolar layer of the retina was intense. 3. The secretory nerve fibres in the sweat glands, the lacrimal glands, the salivary glands, the vestibular glands and the prostate had much cholinesterase activity along axones, on the contrary the sebaceous and mammary glands had none. 4. In the sublingual and the submandibular salivary glands, some lobules had no activity, which suggested the non-cholinergic secretory cell group. 5. Pre- and postganglionic para-sympathetic nerves demonstrated high cholinesterase activity in the ganglioncells and along the axones. 6. The sympathetic preganglionic nerves such as white communicating rami and splanchnic nerves, showed much cholinesterase activity, on the other side the postganglionic nerves as the grey communicating rami and the paracarotid plexus had none. 7. The results prove—based on clinical, physiological and pharmacological facts-The the pointing out of cholinesterase is identic with an cholinergic innervation and that the ACh is probably a transmitter-substance for the conducting system.
    Abstract: Résumé 1. La distribution de l'activité cholinestéragique au niveau du système sensoriel et autonome était étudié histochimiquement à l'aide de la méthode deKoelle basant sur l'hypothèse que les neurones d'activité cholinestéragiques sont cholinergiques. 2. L'activité cholinestéragique des corpuscules sensoriels de la peau, de la muqueuse et des boutons de goût de la langue, comme de la zone bipolare de la rétine était intense. 3. Les fibres nerveuses des glandes sudoripares, des glandes lacrimales et des glandes vestibulaires et de la prostate montrèrent une activité prononcée cholinestéragique au parcours des axones; mais les glandes sébacées et les glandes mammaires ne la montrèrent pas. 4. Dans les glandes sous-linguales et les glandes salivaires quelques lobules ne montrèrent pas d'activité, ce qui parle pour leur nature non-cholinergique. 5. Les nerfs pré- et postganglionnaires parasympathiques montrèrent une activité élevée cholinestéragique au niveau des cellules ganglionnaires et des axones. 6. Les nerfs préganglionnaires sympathiques comme les rameaux communicants blancs et les nerfs splanchniques montrèrent de même une activité cholinestéragique, tandis que les nerfs postganglionnaires comme les rameaux communicants gris et le plexus paraaortique ne montrèrent point d'activité. 7. Ces résultats—basant sur les faits cliniques, physiologiques et pharmacologiques—démontrentque la preuve de la cholinestérase est identique avec une innervation cholinergique et que l'ACh est peut-être une substance de transmission pour la conduction de l'excitation nerveuse.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Mit der Koelleschen Methode wurde histochemisch die Cholinesterase-Aktivität in zahlreichen nervösen Formationen des Menschen (zum Teil auch bei Pferd und Hund) untersucht. 2. In denMeissnerschen Körperchen, Vater-Pacinischen Körperchen, Geschlechtskörperchen und Geschmacksknospen fand sich reichlich ChE. 3. In Tränendrüsen, Speicheldrüsen, Bartholinischen Drüsen, Prostata und Schweißdrüsen konnte ChE-Aktivität entlang den Nervenfasern nachgewiesen werden, nicht dagegen in Milchdrüsen und Talgdrüsen. 4. Ekkrine Drüsen erwiesen sich als ChE-positiv. In den gemischten Speicheldrüsen fanden sich einige Lobuli ohne ChE neben solchen mit ChE. 5. Beim parasympathischen Nervensystem ergaben die Schaltganglien und die prä- und postganglionären Nervenfasern ChE-Aktivität. 6. Beim sympathischen Nervensystem waren die Schaltganglien und die präganglionären Fasern ChE-aktiv, dagegen die postganglionären Fasern inaktiv. 7. Diese Ergebnisse stützen die auch klinisch, physiologisch und pharmakologisch begründete Annahme,daß der ChE-Nachweis mit einer cholinergischen Innervation identisch ist und daß ACh möglicherweise eine Transmittersubstanz für die Reizleitung ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Morphometry ; Multiple system atrophy ; Parkinson's ; disease ; Unmyelinated nerve fibres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Quantitative changes in unmyelinated nerve fibers (UMNFs) of sural nerves in patients of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) were evaluated using autopsy materials whose pathological diagnosis had been confirmed by careful postmortem examinations. Ordinary ALS cases demonstrated no involvement in cutaneous UMNFs; however, the patients with long survival due to the application of ventilatory support showed bimodality in UMNF diameter histograms, and a patient with involvement of systems other than motor pathways showed an abnormal value in two indices: a low percentage of subunits containing axon(s) and a high mean number of Schwann cell profiles per axon. A significant reduction of the mean value of UMNF density (21%) was found in PD patients. Because the density of myelinated nerve fibers did not show any significant decrease as compared with age-matched controls, the change of nerve fibers in peripheral nervous system was considered to be confined to UMNFs in PD. Elderly PD cases showed enhanced changes in the ageing process, as expressed by the two indices described above. In MSA, the mean value of UMNF density was significantly decreased (23%), and this decrease almost paralleled that of myelinated nerve fiber density. Abnormal values for the two indices described above were found and two out of four cases demonstrated bimodality in the diameter histogram of UMNFs. Unlike MSA, ALS and PD have not been included in the disorders with cutaneous UMNF involvement. Our results supply the first evidence of morphological changes in cutaneous UMNFs in PD cases. In ordinary ALS cases, the emergence of such morphological changes is suggested in cases with long survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; SOD1 gene ; Posterior column ; Lewy-body-like inclusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 65-year-old man with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with posterior column involvement showed fairly slow progression of the illness and lived with the aid of a respirator for 12 years. Neuropathological examinations showed simultaneous involvement of the pyramidal tract and lower motor neurons as well as degeneration in the Clarke’s nucleus- spinocerebellar tract- middle root zone of the posterior column, the pallido-luysian system, the medullary reticular formation, and widespread anterolateral columns of the spinal cord. However, the patient had no Lewy-body-like hyaline inclusions, which are characteristic features of this form of familial ALS. Moreover, no abnormalities were found in his SOD1 cDNA sequences. There seem to be certain heterogeneities in familial ALS with posterior column involvement, and SOD1 gene abnormalities may be involved in the pathomechanism in rapidly progressing ALS, in which there are Lewy-body-like hyaline inclusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Multiple system atrophy ; Vocal cord paralysis ; Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle ; Laryngeal electromyography ; Surface electrode
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract When recording the activity of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA) with surface electrodes, there is contamination from the surrounding muscles such as the cricopharyngeal muscle. We therefore devised a new oesophageal catheter electrode of the separate type, having three individual surface electrodes for the PCA, cricopharyngeal muscle and diaphragm. The records obtained with this catheter demonstrated satisfactory separation between PCA and cricopharyngeal muscle activities. We used this catheter in patients with multiple system atrophy presenting with vocal cord paralysis, who were awake or asleep. There were two interesting electromyographical findings, which were inspiratory activity of the adductor muscle (the thyroarytenoid muscle) and fade-out of the abductor muscle, that is, PCA activity during sleep. Although vocal cord paralysis is one of the most serious life-threatening complications, the precise mechanism has not been clarified. We believe that our catheter may be useful in investigating the mechanism of vocal cord paralysis which could cause sudden death in neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple system atrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...