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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The vasopressors were purified from platelet concentrates in the following steps (Fig. 1): (1) deproteination with perchloric acid; (2) binding to a preparative C18 column using triethyl-ammonium acetate as a cationic ion-pair reagent; (3) displacement chromatography on a second CIS column (Fig. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1615-6722
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Homocystein ; Niereninsuffizienz ; Vitamine ; Transsulfurierung ; Remethylierung ; Key words Homocysteine ; Chronic renal failure ; Vitamines ; Transsulfuration ; Remethylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia has been increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for elevated atherosclerotic vascular disease in chronic renal failure. We measured in patients with chronic renal failure homocysteine and metabolites of it s 2 metabolic pathways, transulfuration (cystathionine, cysteine) and remethylation (methionine, methylmalonic acid, 2-methylcitric acid). Patients and Methods: Eleven patients on conservative treatment (creatinine clearance 10 to 30 ml/min) and 50 chronic uremic subjects on regular hemodialysis were included in the study. Twenty-two of the dialysis patients received daily oral multivitamin supplementation containing 10 mg vitamin B6, 6 μg vitamin B12, and 1 mg folic acid during the last year before the study started. Results: In the hemodialysis group homocysteine levels were higher compared with the patients on conservative treatment. Hemodialysis patients with additional vitamin supplementation showed significantly lower homocysteine levels than those without. The pattern of metabolites was different to these results: all metabolites were higher in hemodialysis patients, too (significant for cysteine and methionine), but vitamin supplementation failed to lower all metabolites. Conclusion: Analysis of metabolites additional to homocysteine levels may help to understand different results in evaluation of atherosclerotic risk of hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic renal failure.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Ein erhöhtes Homocystein gilt als ein wesentlicher Faktor der erhöhten Arterioskleroseinzidenz bei Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden bei Patienten mit Niereninsuffizienz neben dem Homocystein auch die Metaboliten seiner beiden Abbauwege Transulfurierung (Bildung von Cystathionin, Cystein) und Remethylierung (Bildung von Methionin, Methylmalonat und 2-Methylcitrat) bestimmt. Patienten und Methoden: Homocystein und dessen Metaboliten wurden bei elf Patienten mit präterminaler Niereninsuffizienz (Kreatininclearance 10 bis 30 ml/min) sowie 50 Dialysepatienten im Serum gemessen. 22 der Dialysepatienten erhielten zusätzlich 10 mg Vitamin B6, 6 μg Vitamin B12 und 1 mg Folat für ein Jahr. Ergebnisse: Es zeigten sich bei den Patienten mit dialysepflichtiger Niereninsuffizienz signifikant höhere Spiegel für Homocystein als bei den Patienten mit präterminaler Niereninsuffizienz, zudem konnte bei den Dialysepatienten mit Vitaminsubstitution ein signifikant niedrigerer Homocysteinspiegel als bei den Dialysepatienten ohne Vitaminsubstitution nachgewiesen werden. Bei Dialysepatienten waren Cystein und Methionin signifikant höher im Vergleich zu den Patienten mit präterminaler Niereninsuffizienz. Bei Dialysepatienten hatte die Vitaminsubstitution im Gegensatz zum günstigen Effekt auf die Homocysteinkonzentrationen keinen Einfluss auf die gesteigerten Konzentrationen der Metaboliten. Schlußfolgerung: Da nicht alle bislang vorliegenden Studien bei niereninsuffizienten Patienten einem erhöhten Homocysteinspiegel eine entscheidende Rolle für die gesteigerte Arteriosklerose zumessen, könnte die zusätzliche Bestimmung der Homocysteinmetaboliten eine exaktere Beurteilung erlauben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1615-5939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Whereas in blood cells decreased magnesium concentrations and increased sodium concentrations in essential hypertension have often been described, only sparse data exist on cellular magnesium or sodium content in vascular smooth muscle cells. Therefore, in aortic smooth muscle cells from seven spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Münster strain and seven normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), the intracellular magnesium and sodium content were measured by electron-probe X-ray microanalysis. Measurements were performed in aortic cryosections 3 µm thick. The magnesium ion content was 0.93±0.17 g/kg dry weight in SHR vs 1.14±0.12 g/kg dry weight in WKY (p〈0.05). Vascular smooth muscle sodium ion content was measured at 6.85±0.59 g/kg dry weight in WKY and 12.47±1.62 g/kg dry weight in SHR (p〈0.05). In conclusion, aortic smooth muscle cells from SHR are characterized by a markedly lowered intracellular magnesium ion content and increased sodium ion concentrations compared with normotensive cells. The results may be due to genetically determined disturbances in transmembrane magnesium and sodium ion transport. Cellular magnesium and sodium handling may be disturbed in SHR aortic smooth muscle as it is in hypertensive blood cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The international journal of angiology 4 (1995), S. 17-19 
    ISSN: 1615-5939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hypomagnesemia can cause ventricular tachycardia, cardiac necrosis, or torsades de pointes. Diuretic treatment can result in Mg2+ depletion, as many diuretics inhibit the reabsorption of filtered Mg2+ in the proximal or distal tubule. As plasma Mg2+ constitutes only about 3% of total body Mg2+ stores, intracellular Mg2+ determinations may be more useful for assessing total body Mg2+ content. Therefore we studied the effect of a thiazide diuretic (trichlormethiazide 4 mg/day), a combination of a thiazide and a potassium-sparing diuretic (trichlormethiazide and amiloride 2 mg/day each), and the loop diuretic piretanide (6 mg/day) on intracellular Mg2+ in patients with mild essential hypertension before and after 6 and 10 weeks of therapy. Mg2+ measurements were performed in blood plasma and in red blood cells by atomic absorption spectroscopy, using a Video 12 apparatus. There was a significant decrease in intracellular Mg2+ content under trichlormethiazide therapy (p〈0.05). Furthermore, our results show that diuretic treatment with a combination of a thiazide and a potassium-sparing diuretic or with the loop diuretic piretanide may have the advantage of avoiding intracellular Mg2+ depletion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The international journal of angiology 5 (1996), S. 181-183 
    ISSN: 1615-5939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method to determine total Mg2+ content in lymphocytes was developed, offering advantages for routine measurements as compared to fluorescence methods. Intracellular Mg2+ measurements were performed in lymphocytes of 16 normotensive, 20 essential hypertensive, 15 renal hypertensive patients (patients with a chronic glomerulonephritis), and 10 normotensive, renal insufficient patients. Mg2+ content was referred to lymphocytic protein, which was determined according to Bradford's method. Mg2+ measurements were performed by atomic absorption spectroscopy using an electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscope. The results show that in patients with essential hypertension, intralymphocytic Mg2+ content is significantly lower (0.07±0.04 mmol/g lymphocytic protein, mean ± SD) compared with controls (0.11±0.03 mmol/g lymphocytic protein, mean ± SD,p〈0.05). In renal hypertensive patients, intracellular Mg2+ concentrations are significantly increased compared with normotensive or essential hypertensive patients (0.35±0.10 mmol/g lymphocytic protein, mean ± SD,p〈0.05). In the normotensive renal insufficient group, intracellular Mg2+ concentrations were measured (0.37±0.05 mmol/g lymphocytic protein, mean ± SD being significantly increased compared to the normotensive or hypertensive group (p〈0.05). There was no significant difference between the renal insufficient group with and without arterial hypertension. In plasma Mg2+ concentrations there was no significant difference in the four groups of patients. Furthermore, this method also seems suitable for routine measurements of cellular Mg2+ concentrations in even larger groups of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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