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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 317 (1949), S. 461-483 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 41 (1954), S. 535-535 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 42 (1955), S. 560-561 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Section through an induced gonad with an induced germ cell (a). Note the big cell with the typical potato-shaped nucleus. The explant was cultured for 41 days. Effects of host embryos on the final outcome of the inductions are excluded if the inducer is tested on isolated gastrula ectoderm. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 184 (1978), S. 171-180 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Xenopus ; Blastula ; Neurula ; Tail-bud stage ; Nuclear proteins ; Electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The changes in saline-soluble, 0.35 M NaCl-soluble and the residual fraction of nuclear proteins during early development ofXenopus were studied by analytical electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel. The fractions were obtained by consecutive extraction of nuclei from the blastula, neurula and tail-bud stage of development. No qualitative and only limited quantitative differences were found when the proteins of any of the three fractions isolated from the neurula stage were compared with the proteins of the corresponding fraction isolated from the tail-bud stage. But the electrophoretic pattern of each of the three fractions of the nuclear proteins from the blastula stage differs significantly from the electrophoretic pattern of the same fraction isolated from the neurula or tail-bud stage. Compared with the blastula stage, in the two later stages the relative amounts of chromosomal proteins with apparent molecular weights below 30,000 are decreased. Proteins which migrate in electrophoresis in the positions of the very lysine-rich histones and of the proteins of the nuclear ribonucleo-protein particles are indicated among the chromosomal proteins of the blastula stage, and are visible as strong bands in the electrophorogram of 0.35 M NaCl-soluble proteins extracted from neurula or tail-bud stage nuclei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Immobilized inducing factors ; Biological activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The inducing activity of the vegetalizing factor decreases after covalent coupling to CNBr-Sepharose with reduced binding capacity. The residual inducing activity is probably due to the release of a small amount of the factor from Sepharose beads. Covalent coupling to activated CH-Sepharose completely inactivated the vegetalizing factor, whereas the neuralizing factor retained its full activity. The biological activity was also very much reduced when the vegetalizing factor was bound to Sephadex beads, a derivative of dextran. Fully active factor was recovered after enzymatic degradation of the dextran matrix with dextranase. The experiments suggest that the neuralizing factor acts on the cell surface of ectoderm cells, whereas the vegetalizing factor must probably be internalized to become biologically active.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Neural induction ; Neural plate ; Activation of masked factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Neural plates which are induced in the dorsal ectoderm of Triturus by the underlying mesoderm acquire, in turn, neural-inducing activity. This process is correlated with the appearance of neural-inducing activity in the microsomal fraction of the neural plate homogenate. The high-speed supernatant also acquires inducing activity after neural induction, but to a lesser extent. The experiments suggest that a masked neuralizing factor, which is already present in the ectoderm, is in part activated and exported from the inducing neural plate cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Mesoderm induction ; Xenopus XTC factor ; Chicken vegetalizing factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have compared the chemical properties and biological activities of the mesoderm-inducing factor that is secreted by the Xenopus XTC cell line with the vegetalizing factor from chicken embryos. The inducing activity of the factors was tested in different concentrations on totipotent ectoderm either by implantation into early gastrulae of Triturm alpestris or by application of solutions to isolated ectoderm of early gastrulae of Xenopus laevis. Both factors have similar properties. They are not irreversibly inactivated after treatment with 6 M urea or with phenol at 60° C. Reduction with thioglycolic acid inactivates the factors completely. The inducing activity of XTC-conditioned medium decreases only slightly after treatment with 50% formic acid. The apparent molecular mass and the isoelectric point of the factors are similar. The XTC factor was partially purified by size-exclusion and reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography and by isoelectric focusing. The possible relationship of these factors to transforming growth factor β is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 163 (1969), S. 316-324 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Rohfraktionen aus 9 Tage alten Hühnerembryonen, die neuralisierenden und mesodermalisierenden Induktionsfaktor enthielten, sowie angereicherter mesodermalisierender Faktor wurden mit Thioglykolsäure sowie mit 2-Mercaptoäthanol behandelt. Die Fraktionen wurden an Gastrulen vonTriturus alpestris oderAmbystoma nach der Implantationsmethode getestet. Der mesodermalisierende Faktor wird inaktiviert. Die Aktivität des neuralisierenden Faktors bleibt dagegen erhalten.
    Notes: Summary Crude extracts from 9 days old chicken embryos containing neuralizing and mesodermalizing inducing factors as well as purified mesodermalizing factor were incubated with thioglycolic acid and with 2-Mercaptoethanol. The fractions were tested by implanting into early gastrulae ofTriturus orAmbystoma. The mesodermalizing factor is inactivated whereas the neuralizing factor does not lose its activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 187 (1979), S. 211-217 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Amphibian ectoderm ; Induction ; Amino acid transport ; Protein synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Isolated gastrula ectoderm ofTriturus alpestris orAmbystoma mexicanum was induced by the vegetalizing factor. Protein synthesis in the induced and uninduced control explants was measured by double labelling with3H-and14C-amino acids after different periods of cultivation. Slight differences were observed in the pattern of nuclear proteins after 12 h of cultivation and in the pattern of cytoplasmic proteins after 48 h of cultivation. The uptake of leucine started to increase in induced explants after 48 h of cultivation and after 96 h was about 50 times greater than in uninduced control explants. The uptake is reduced under partially anaerobic conditions. Ouabain inhibits the uptake by about 50%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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