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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3811-3813 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic damping in pure iron has been studied over the temperature range 140–300 K using a single-crystal slab l5 μm thick. The results at room temperature are consistent with the accepted value of the damping parameter for iron of G=0.7×108 Hz. The damping increases as the temperature is reduced and reaches a value of approximately 1.4×108 Hz at 140 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3721-3728 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) systems and the use of atomic beams for deposition of atoms layer by layer combine to make possible the creation of new materials. The applications to metallic magnetism are gaining increasing attention. The building of sandwiches of magnetic and nonmagnetic layers should lead to increased understanding of the propagation of spin polarization through metals and the effects of finite thickness on the ground state properties and the thermodynamics of magnetic materials. The most important step in this process is in the first layer, i.e., the preparation of the substrate and the determination of the quality of the interface and of the overlayer. The techniques of surface science, e.g., residual gas analysis (RGA), reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) are essential for the characterization of the interface. Illustrations of these include our own work on body-centered-cubic Ni deposited epitaxially on (100)Fe with and without intermediate epitaxial Au layers and with and without Au cover layers, studied using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). The engineering of new magnetic phases takes into account the tendency of increased atomic volume to enhance magnetic moments. Epitaxy can be used to create negative pressures. New phases of Mn have been formed using the (0001) surface of Ru as a template for expanded structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5334-5336 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferromagnetic resonance studies carried out in ultrahigh vacuum at 16.88 GHz on bcc Fe (001) films 5–14.2 monolayers (ML) thick grown on Ag (001) substrates indicate that an ultrathin Fe film 5 ML thick should be magnetized perpendicular to the specimen plane at room temperature. Covering the bare Fe specimens with Ag causes a substantial reduction in the uniaxial surface anisotropy for all Fe film thicknesses and would put the moment of a 5-ML film back into the plane. For a given Fe film thickness, the maximum obtainable uniaxial surface anisotropy depends on both the amount of oxygen contamination in the film and on the surface roughness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3715-3717 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transmission of circularly polarized microwave radiation through a slab of ferromagnetic metal has been numerically evaluated as a function of an external dc magnetic field oriented normal to the slab faces. The calculation used a nonlocal relationship between the current density at a point in the metal and the electric field distribution in the metal. The two limiting cases of specular and diffuse scattering of the current carriers at the slab faces were investigated. The calculations were carried out for conduction mean free paths l ranging from the anomalous skin effect regime (δ/l〈1) to the regime corresponding to the local limit (δ/l(very-much-greater-than)1). For simplicity, a spherical Fermi surface was assumed whose parameters were chosen to simulate Nickel. The permeability was calculated from the Landau–Lifshitz equations including Gilbert damping and magnetocrystalline anisotropy but ignoring exchange and diffusion. For 24-GHz radiation incident on a 5-μm-thick slab, a mean free path of 1.0 μm, and for diffuse scattering of the carriers, a strong transmission peak appeared when the dc magnetic field was at a value corresponding to ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). No such peak was observed under specular scattering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3863-3868 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Large uniaxial anisotropies associated with interfaces are observed for ultrathin films (3-28 ML) of bcc Fe(001) grown epitaxially on Ag(001) single-crystal substrates and for epitaxial sandwiches of fcc Fe(001) grown with three layers of Fe using Cu as substrate and coverlayers. The uniaxial anisotropy is well described by a pseudosurface anisotropy term as theoretically predicted, yet that theory also predicts large in-plane anisotropies that are not observed. Adequate treatment of spin-orbit coupling in magnetic theories remains a challenge. Comparisons of ultrathin films of bcc Fe(001) on Ag(001) with different coverlayers of Ag or Au show subtle differences in magnetic behavior as studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and Brillouin light scattering (BLS). The FMR measurements were carried out at 9.6, 36.6, and 73 GHz microwave frequencies. The BLS measurements were performed using a six-pass Fabry–Perot interferometer. The power of the techniques of molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) for producing well-characterized interfaces is stressed. Growths at 140 K are compared with those at 300 K to show the limited role of interdiffusion. Oscillations in the intensity of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) are exploited in the characterization of growth. Comparison of the properties of films grown on perfect iron whisker surfaces with results for mosaic single-crystal substrates show that, while the former are much to be preferred for growth studies, the latter are really adequate for magnetic studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 75.70
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ultrathin films, bcc Fe(001) on Ag(001), fcc Fe(001) on Cu(001) and Fe/Ni(001) bilayers on Ag, were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. A wide range of surface science tools were employed to establish the quality of epitaxial growth. Ferromagnetic resonance and Brillouin light scattering were used to extract the magnetic properties. Emphasis was placed on the study of magnetic anisotropies. Large uniaxial anisotropies with easy axis perpendicular to the film surface were observed in all ultrathin structures studied. These anisotropies were particularly strong in fcc Fe and bcc Fe films. In sufficiently thin samples the saturation magnetization was oriented perpendicularly to the film surface in the absence of an applied field. It has been demonstrated that in bcc Fe films the uniaxial perpendicular anisotropy originates at the film interfaces. In situ measurements indentified the strength of the uniaxial perpendicular anisotropy constant at the Fe/vacuum, Fe/Ag and Fe/Au interfaces asK us = 0.96, 0.63, and 0.3 ergs/cm2 respectively. The surface anisotropies deduced for [bulk Fe/noble metal] interfaces are in good agreement with the values obtained from ultrathin films. Hence the perpendicular surface ansiotropies originate in the broken symmetry at abrupt interfaces. An observed decrease in the cubic anisotropy in bcc Fe ultrathin films has been explained by the presence of a weak 4th order in-plane surface anisotropy,K 1∥S=0.012 ergs/cm2. Fe/Ni bilayers were also investigated. Ni grew in the pure bcc structure for the first 3–6 ML and then transformed to a new structure which exhibited unique magnetic properties. Transformed ultrathin bilayers possessed large inplane 4th order anisotropies far surpassing those observed in bulk Fe and Ni. The large 4th order anisotropies originate in crystallographic defects formed during the Ni lattice transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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