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  • 1
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Removal of retinal input from a restricted region of adult cat visual cortex leads to a substantial reorganization of the retinotopy within the sensory-deprived cortical zone. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this reorganization. We used differential mRNA display (DDRT-PCR) to compare gene expression patterns between normal control and reorganizing visual cortex (area 17–18), 3 days after induction of central retinal lesions. Systematic screening revealed a decrease in the mRNA encoding cyclophilin A in lesion-affected cortex. In situ hybridization and competitive PCR confirmed the decreased cyclophilin A mRNA levels in reorganizing cortex and extended this finding to longer postlesion survival times as well. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry extended these data to the protein level. In situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry further demonstrated that cyclophilin A mRNA and protein are present in neurons. To exclude the possibility that differences in neuronal activity per se can induce alterations in cyclophilin A mRNA and protein expression, we analyzed cyclophilin A expression in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of retinally lesioned cats and in area 17 and the dLGN of isolated hemisphere cats. In these control experiments cyclophilin A mRNA and protein were distributed as in normal control subjects indicating that the decreased cyclophilin A levels, as observed in sensory-deprived area 17 of retinal lesion cats, are not merely a reflection of changes in neuronal activity. Instead our findings identify cyclophilin A, classically considered a housekeeping gene, as a gene with a brain plasticity-related expression in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The recent introduction of fluorescent two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, combined with mass spectrometry, has greatly simplified the analysis and identification of differentially expressed proteins by eliminating intergel variability. In this report, we describe the successful application of this functional proteomics approach to compare protein expression levels in visual cortical area 17 of adult cats and 30-day-old kittens, in order to identify proteins expressed in an age-related fashion. We identified 16 proteins that were more abundantly expressed in kitten striate cortex and 12 proteins with a pronounced expression in adult cat area 17. Among those isolated from kitten area 17 were proteins related to axon growth and growth cone guidance and to the formation of cytoskeletal filaments. Glial fibrillary acidic protein, as identified in adult cat area 17, has been implicated previously in the termination of the critical period for cortical plasticity in kittens. In situ hybridization experiments for two of the identified proteins, glial fibrillary acidic protein and collapsin response mediator protein 5, confirmed and extended their differential expression to the mRNA level. Our findings show that two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry is a powerful approach that permits the identification of small protein expression differences correlated to different physiological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In the Soa Basin of central Flores, eastern Indonesia, stratified archaeological sites, including Mata Menge, Boa Lesa and Kobatuwa (Fig. 1), contain stone artefacts associated with the fossilized remains of Stegodon florensis, Komodo dragon, rat and various other taxa. These sites have ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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