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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal changes in fast-starts in the short-horn sculpin: integration of swimming behaviour and muscle performance (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 56 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In short-horn sculpin Myoxocephalus scorpius, the power requirements for fast-start swimming and the length-specific velocity of the curvature wave travelling down the spine (Û) were not influenced significantly by acclimation to summer and winter conditions at test temperatures of 5 and 15° C. However, in-vivo and in-vitro muscle performance exhibited acclimation responses at 15° C. Seasonal acclimation altered the escape performance curves for power and Û significantly over a wider temperature range of 0·8–20° C. Û was significantly higher at 20° C in the summer- than winter-acclimation group. The acclimation of lower levels of physiological organization at 15° C may thus serve to extend the thermal limits for escape performance in summer acclimated fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02155.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting muscle force generation during fast-starts for the common carp Cyprinus carpio (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 169 (1999), S. 391-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Muscle mechanics ; Skeletal muscle ; Force ; Power output ; Velocity-dependent deactivation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Muscle contractile properties have been characterised for white myotomal muscle from the common carp Cyprinus carpio at 10, 15, and 20 °C. The time course of muscle force development was measured when one, two, or three stimuli were delivered at the onset of constant velocity shortening. As the shortening velocity increased several parameters decreased including the maximum force, the time course for the contraction and the relative duration of the deactivation compared to the activation. The maximum force and the relative rates of activation to deactivation for the contraction were relatively independent of temperature, whereas the duration of the contraction decreased with increasing temperature. A predictive model was developed which was based on fitting a modified Weibull distribution to these observations. The model was used to interpolate the expected contractile forces during cyclic length-changes. Measured and predicted values for force and power during such cyclic work-loop experiments showed an excellent agreement over the range of shortening regimes typically found during swimming behaviours. However, the predicted force was overestimated during the deactivation phase of the contractions when the shortening velocities exceeded those found during swimming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600050235
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An integrative study of the temperature dependence of whole animal and muscle performance during jumping and swimming in the frog Rana temporaria (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 169 (1999), S. 588-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Locomotor performance ; Muscle fibre ; Power ; Thermal sensitivity ; Abbreviationsα Jump take-off angle ; θ Angle between the knee-vent line and the saggital plane ; ATP adenosine tri-phosphate ; a acceleration ; b constant used in non-linear fitting algorithm of SYSTAT ; BL body length ; c constant used in non-linear fitting algorithm of SYSTAT ; D distance covered in five consecutive jumps ; DF maximum diameter of leg at femur ( includes semimembranosus, sartorius, biceps femoralis, extensor cruris) ; DT maximum diameter of leg at tibia (gastrocnemius, peroneus, and tibialis) ; EMG electromyography ; F force produced by muscle ; FTO force in the direction of take-off ; IND individual ; LF length of femoral section of leg ; LL total leg length from hip to toe ; LP locomotory parameter ; LT length of tibial section of leg ; M body mass ; MSV mean swimming velocity ; NA data not available ; o constant used in non-linear fitting algorithm of SYSTAT ; P mean power required during jump take-off ; t time ; TE body temperature ; V jump take-off velocity ; x′ corrected jump distance ; y′ height from surface to center of mass at take-off
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze individual variation in frog locomotor performance, (2) to compare the thermal sensitivity of jumping and swimming, and (3) to contrast whole animal versus muscle fiber performance at different temperatures. The jumping and swimming performance of Rana temporaria was analyzed at 5, 10, 15 and 20 °C. Muscle fiber bundles were isolated from lateral gastrocnemius and subjected to the length and activation patterns thought to occur in vivo. As temperature increased, locomotor performance in R. temporaria improved with a Q 10 of 1.2 for both jump take-off velocity and mean swimming velocity. The slope of the relationship between performance and temperature (TE) was similar for both locomotor parameters and was described by the equation z-scores of locomotor performance = 0.127 × TE − 1.585. Although some frogs performed better than others relative performance was affected by locomotor type and temperature. Locomotor performance improved with temperature as the power required during take-off and the mean muscle power output increased with Q 10 values of 1.7 and 1.6 respectively. The mean muscle power output during take-off was only 34% of the calculated requirements for the whole animal, suggesting the involvement of elastic strain energy storage mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600050259
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