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  • 1
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To investigate the processing of noxious stimuli within the primary somatosensory cortex (SI), we recorded magnetoencephalography following noxious epidermal electrical stimulation (ES) and innocuous transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TS) applied to the dorsum of the left hand. TS activated two sources sequentially within SI: one in the posterior bank of the central sulcus and another in the crown of the postcentral gyrus, corresponding to Brodmann's areas 3b and 1, respectively. Activities from area 3b consisted of 20- and 30-ms responses. Activities from area 1 consisted of three components peaking at 26, 36 and 49 ms. ES activated one source within SI whose location and orientation were similar to those of the TS-activated area 1 source. Activities from this source consisted of three components peaking at 88, 98 and 109 ms, later by 60 ms than the corresponding TS responses. ES and TS subsequently activated a similar region in the upper bank of the sylvian fissure, corresponding to the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII). The onset latency of the SII activity following ES (109 ms) was later by 29 ms than that of the first SI response (80 ms). Likewise, the onset latency of SII activity following TS (52 ms) was later by 35 ms than that of area 1 of SI (17 ms). Therefore, our results showed that the processing of noxious and innocuous stimuli is similar with respect to the source locations and activation timings within SI and SII except that there were no detectable activations within area 3b following noxious stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The production of pectin lyase (Pnl) in Erwiniacarotovora ssp. carotovora strain 71 is induced by DNA-damaging agents such as mitomycin C (MC). This induction requires functions of recA, rdgA and rdgB genes. Based upon sequence homology, rdgA was predicted to encode a repressor and rdgB was presumed to specify a transcriptional activator. To elucidate the function of rdgA, the gene has been over-expressed in Escherichia coli, and the 30 kDa product purified by ammonium-sulphate precipitation, heparin–agarose chromatography and gel filtration. The results of gel mobility-shift and DNase I protection assays revealed that purified RdgA specifically binds the rdgA operator sequence located between the −10 and −35 boxes. The expression of a rdgA–lacZ gene fusion in E. coli MC4100 is suppressed upon overproduction of RdgA from a Ptac–rdgA construct induced by isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). However, the suppression of rdgA–lacZ expression is relieved by MC in the RecA+E. coli strain MC4100, but not in its RecA− derivative, MC4160. An immunoblot analysis revealed RecA-dependent in vivo cleavage of the 30 kDa RdgA protein upon MC treatment. These results demonstrate that the transcription of rdgA is autoregulated, and strongly support the idea that proteolytic activity of RecA* is responsible for the derepression of rdgA expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geostandards and geoanalytical research 28 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1751-908X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: In this paper, a method developed to determine the major, minor and trace elements, including carbon and the four halogens, in seamount phosphorite involving a modern XRF spectrometry technique is described. Ultra-fine (99% v/v 〈 40 μm) powder samples (4 g) were directly pressed into pellets (Φ= 30 mm). For elements having an analytical line lower in energy than the energy of Fe Kα line absorption edge, the inter-element absorption-enhancement effects were corrected using an influence coefficient method. For the other elements, the matrix effects were corrected using the ratio of element peak to Rh Kα Compton peak (for I, Rh K|3 Compton peak was used instead). The relative standard deviation was smaller than 1.0% for the major elements (except C, Na and Cl). The detection limit levels of C, F, Cl, Br and I were 30, 20, 0.8, 0.2 and 0.3 (μg g−1 respectively for 100 s count time of background. The accuracy of this method was tested by evaluating determinations on three certified reference materials. The direct analysis of major and minor elements in geological materials by pressed pellet without any chemical procedures makes XRF spectrometry a particularly environment-friendly analytical technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geostandards and geoanalytical research 28 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1751-908X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Although over recent years, sensitivity and precision of modern analytical techniques have continuously improved, traditional analytical specification for the particle size of samples has remained at 74 μm (-200 mesh). For this reason, the uncertainty caused by inhomogeneity in test portions of the sample itself has become a more and more significant contribution to the total analytical uncertainty. Therefore, to reduce this total uncertainty, the first step is to improve the homogeneity by reducing the particle size of a sample. For this purpose, we have investigated a method for the preparation of ultra-fine reference materials. Using the modern ultra-fine crushing technique (jet mill), six marine sediment samples MSAn and MSCS-1 to 5 were prepared and the particle distributions of these samples were measured using a laser particle-analyser. The average particle size of these samples was 4–5 (im and the largest particle size was less than 30 (im. MSAn will be used as the sample for a future GeoPT(tm) proficiency testing round and MSCS-1 to 5 will be prepared as reference materials. All geochemical laboratories are welcome to participate in this co-operative research programme. The processing and use of ultra-fine samples (〈 30 μm) will have a significant influence on the future development of geoanalytical techniques as a consequence of the potential reduction in the mass of test portion and the development of new geoanalytical systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 114-123 
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Traditionally, the grade of fabric's crease recovery with twisting is decided by comparing the processed sample fabric with standard sample photograph under some conditions. This method is completely reliant on subjective appraisal, so it is easy to lead to some subjective error and affect the conclusion. In this paper, we use image processing and texture analysis technique to calculate a few of the parameters which describe the fabric's crease recovery properties. At the same time, we use the Fuzzy priority similarity comparison method to assess the fabric's crease recovery properties synthetically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Rapid prototyping journal 11 (2005), S. 160-166 
    ISSN: 1355-2546
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Purpose - Aims to provide information on organism manufacturing engineering (OME), a newly proposed interdisciplinary research area. Design/methodology/approach - A conceptual discussion and approach are taken. Findings - OME is based on layer-by-layer RP principles and the integration of the new advancement of manufacturing science, biomaterials, cell molecular biology and developmental biology. OME aims to construct live tissues and organs through controlled assembly of 3D cell structure with the principles and methods of modern manufacturing science and life science. Originality/value - Focuses on important processes for indirect and direct cell assembly using OME approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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