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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: At JET the primary diagnostic for monitoring the neutron emission is a set of fission chambers. These are calibrated using the neutron activation technique. A second independent measurement of the neutron yield can be obtained from the neutron profile monitor. Both measurements depend on neutron transport calculations and at JET this has been done using the neutron transport code MCNP. The introduction of tritium into JET plasmas provided an opportunity to check the modeling by comparing the activation of different materials. The calculation of the neutron spectrum at a re-entrant irradiation position was found to be consistent with measurements and an accuracy of 〈7% in the neutron yield measurement was obtained. Neutron transport calculations of the effective collimator correction and attenuation for the profile monitor are also described. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The JET neutron profile monitor was used to study the transport of tritium into a magnetically confined deuterium plasma. Trace amounts of tritium were introduced through a gas valve beyond the plasma edge into a variety of plasma confinement regimes. The d(t,n)α fusion cross section is two orders of magnitude greater than the d(d,n)3He cross section and so a puff of tritium which has a negligible effect on the plasma nevertheless produces a large d–t neutron signal. The profile monitor consists of two cameras each made up of a fan-shaped array of collimated lines of sight. It was used to measure the d–d and d–t neutron profiles simultaneously. This article describes the detection system, its operation and assesses the difficulties due to scattered neutrons. The profiles can be used to determine tritium density and transport coefficients. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 2602-2604 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oxidation of GaN at room temperature was investigated using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The onset of oxidation is observed at 105 Langmuir (L=10−6 Torr s) of oxygen exposure. This is seen both in changes in the percent composition of oxygen and in shifts in the core spectrum of Gallium. The oxidation saturates at an exposure of 108 L. Detailed core level analysis shows that at this exposure most of the surface Ga atoms have been oxidized. The results indicate that the oxidation of GaN is a kinetically limited process restricted to the surface and the underlying bulk is not strongly perturbed. This is in sharp contrast with GaAs where oxidation begins at the same level of exposure and then continues for all further exposures as subsurface layers are oxidized. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 4148-4150 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electronic structures of pristine and Cs-doped CuPc films are investigated using photoemission spectroscopy and inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES). The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital can be directly observed by IPES and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy simultaneously. We found that the Fermi-level position in organic film can be modified by Cs doping. The observed onset of the LUMO of the CuPc film is shifted by Cs doping to less than 0.2 eV above the Fermi level. The result indicates that the energy alignment and charge injection properties of the organic materials can be modified by a simple doping process. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 16 (1968), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: An intensive study has been made of 30 samples from within, and two bakes samples from below a single Tertiary basalt in Eastern Iceland. The samples are spaced along a measured vertical traverse from bottom to top. The lava is 16·8 m thick, and is reversely magnetized.The quantities measured for each core were:〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉1Oxidation state as revealed by microscope studies in polished sections of the iron-titanium oxide.2Oxidation state of the whole rock as determined by FeO and Fe2O3 analyses.3Titanomagnetite and separate ilmenite grain sizes.4Magnetic susceptibility.5Saturation magnetization.6Curie points and total heating curve in a strong magnetic field.7Natural magnetization after demagnetization in several alternating fields.8Koenigsberger's Q factor, slightly modified.9A new measure of the resistance of the specimen to alternating field demagnetization, the ‘stability factor’.10The position of the core above the base of the lava.The above quantities vary greatly with position in the lava. The results of these measurements show the relationships of these variables to each other; in particular how the palaeomagnetic stability depends on oxidation state of the iron-titanium oxides. Stability is high in the lower two-thirds of this lava, and not just at the chilled margins.Two anomalous results are (1) that the Curie point is virtually constant regardless of oxidation state (unlike some other lavas), and (2) that the whole rock oxidation state measured by Fe2O3/(2FeO + Fe2O3) does not correlate simply with the oxidation state of the iron-titanium oxides as seen in the microscope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 9 (1961), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The ratios of induced to remanent magnetic intensities have been determined for samples of Precambrian rock from part of the Canadian Shield in northeastern Alberta.The relatively insignificant contribution of remanent magnetism to the observed field indicates that interpretation techniques based on the assumption of zero remanent intensity can be used.Other implications of the magnetic measurements are discussed briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 224 (1969), S. 360-361 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The palaeomagnetic method can provide a geologically precise estimate of the time span of a section of lavas, when a coincidence of lava extrusion and geomagnetic polarity change occurs. Cox and Dalrymple have shown that 4,600 yr (with 95 per cent confidence limits at 1,200 and 21,000 yr)1 is the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 251 (1974), S. 497-498 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] First, they assume that the concept of mantle 'plumes'2,3 is a valid way of explaining the existence of selected oceanic island platforms and other positive elements on the sea floor, and that 'plumes' are associated with increased magnetic anomally amplitudes. The second assumption is that the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 227 (1970), S. 930-934 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Studies of deep-sea sedimentary cores from Antarctic Pacific waters show that some volcanic maxima occurred when the geomagnetic polarity was changing. Upper mantle activity and geomagnetic polarity change may therefore be related. Coincidences of faunal extinction and geomagnetic polarity change ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Analyses of tephra in abyssal piston cores collected during cruises of R/V Trident show that the Minoan eruption produced at least 28 km3 of tephra (13 km3 dense rock equivalent). A layer up to 5 cm thick must have been deposited on eastern ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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