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  • 1
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    "The Ladies' Tournament:" Marriage, Sex, and Honor in Thirteenth-Century Germany (1989)
    Chicago : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Signs. 14:2 (1989:Winter) 371 
    Details
    ISSN: 0097-9740
    Topics: Sociology
    Notes: WORKING TOGETHER IN THE MIDDLE AGES: PERSPECTIVES ON WOMEN'S COMMUNITIES
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:h305-1989-014-02-000007
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese des Adermins (1939)
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 27 (1939), S. 469-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01489437
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Determination of Radiocarbon in Animal Tissues (1956)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 28 (1956), S. 1762-1765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60119a036
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport and magnetic properties of polycrystalline Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4−y under applied magnetic fields : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6639-6641 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Systematic studies of transport and magnetic properties on polycrystalline Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4−y specimens under applied magnetic fields as high as 8 kOe have revealed strong evidence of granularity in this system. Electrical resistivity measurements show two superconducting transitions. One of the transitions occurs at higher temperature and is almost insensitive to applied magnetic field and current density, while the other one occurs at lower temperature and is strongly modified by the application of magnetic field and changes in the current density. In the low-field limit (H〈100 Oe), a drastic broadening of the superconducting transition is observed. Magnetic susceptibility χac measurements show similar features. There are two well-defined contributions to the diamagnetic signal below 20 K which are particularly evident in the resistive component of χac where two peaks can be identified. The application of an applied magnetic field shifts both peaks towards low temperatures. All the results can be satisfactorily explained in terms of weakly linked Josephson junctions between superconducting islands. The islands have a superconducting transition at higher temperature, and the long-range order phase coherence is achieved through Josephson coupling at lower temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352539
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle size and cooperative behavior effects on KNO3 phase transitions (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 6107-6114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Particle size effects on the phase transition temperatures of KNO3 at atmospheric pressure were characterized using heat-flow calorimetry. The phase II–I transition temperature was relatively unaffected by particle size, whereas the phase I–III transition temperature was reduced up to 4 °C for particle sizes 〈38 μm. The phase III–II transition temperature decreased sharply for particle sizes 〈240 μm, and for 38 μm particles was 44 °C lower than that reported for bulk material. Utilizing 22 μm SiC powder to separate the same range of KNO3 particle sizes, it was shown that cooperative behavior played a significant, but lesser role than the KNO3 particle size in determining the phase transition temperatures. The phase II–I transition temperature increased with decreasing particle size for particle sizes 〈240 μm when physically separated by SiC particles. The phase I–III transition temperature was relatively unaffected by cooperative behavior. For particle sizes 〈61 μm, cooperative behavior was unimportant and particle size assumed the dominant role in controlling the phase III–II transition temperature. The general trend of transition temperature as a function of particle size was similar to reported results for KNO3 thin films, but exhibited significant differences when compared to reported results for KNO3 powder. The dependence of transition enthalpy on particle size for the three phase transitions is discussed and the specific heat of KNO3 powder in phase III at atmospheric pressure is reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355173
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calorimetric and photoacoustic investigation of KNO3 phase transitions (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 7302-7310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Results of a thermodynamic study of the phase transitions of powdered KNO3 at two impurity concentrations (99.999% pure and 99.9% pure) are reported. Transition onset and peak temperatures have been measured between 350 and 420 K using both heat flow and photoacoustic calorimetry. The transition temperatures and characteristics observed with both techniques show excellent agreement. Specific-heat values calculated from scanning and stepped temperature heat-flow data, utilizing both positive and negative temperature increments, compare well with previously reported values. Enthalpies for the II-I, I-III, and III-II phase transitions were measured as 5.065, 2.603, and 2.084 kJ/mol, respectively, for 99.999% pure KNO3 powder using heat-flow calorimetry. The transition enthalpies and temperatures measured for 99.9% pure powder were slightly lower for all three transitions. Entropy changes for the II-I, I-III, and III-II transitions were 12.53, 6.61, and 5.30 J/mol K, respectively. Enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free-energy curves are presented with emphasis on the temperature range over which the ferroelectric phase transition occurs. The experimental data and calculated thermodynamic functions indicate that the ferroelectric phase III in bulk KNO3 is a metastable state at atmospheric pressure, which was not observed to exist below 350 K contrary to previous reports.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354020
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cooperative behavior during ferroelectric transitions in KNO3 powder (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 3131-3136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental evidence of cooperative behavior during the ferroelectric phase transitions in granular and powder KNO3 at atmospheric pressure is presented. Three different experimental studies were performed in which phase transitions were detected and characterized by heat flow calorimetry: (1) the distribution of SiC powder in granular KNO3 was varied; (2) the volume fraction of SiC in powdered KNO3 was varied; and (3) pure KNO3 powder was thermally cycled. All three studies provided evidence of cooperative behavior between the KNO3 particles during the III-II phase transition. The cooperative behavior reduced the temperature range of phase III stability from ∼97–124 °C to that characteristic of bulk material (∼110–124 °C). Separate KNO3 particles behaved as individual ferroelectric domains, with each particle making the phase transition independently near the expected Curie temperature. Particles of KNO3 in intimate physical contact tended to behave cooperatively as a single large ferroelectric domain leading to sharper phase transitions more characteristic of single crystals. The degree of cooperative behavior was dependent upon the extent to which the individual particles were in physical contact. The absence of the III-II phase transition in KNO3 powder that has been reported in the literature can be understood from the results obtained using SiC powder to separate KNO3 particles during heat flow calorimetry measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354580
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of polycrystalline LnNi0.3Co0.7O3 (Ln=La, Pr) compounds (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5908-5910 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polycrystalline samples of LnNi0.3Co0.7O3 (Ln=La, Pr) were prepared through sol-gel precursors. The samples were subjected to several heat treatments at temperatures ranging from 650 to 1000 °C and under oxygen pressure as high as 70 bar. Characterizations of x-ray powder diffraction XRD magnetization M(T), and ac magnetic susceptibility χac(T) were performed on these compounds. The results of XRD showed that samples of LaNi0.3Co0.7O3 crystallize in a rhombohedral distorted perovskite structure (R3¯c) and that PrNi0.3Co0.7O3 compounds displayed an orthorhombically distorted structure (Pbnm). The temperature dependence of M(T) revealed the presence of a sharp cusp occurring at temperatures TP∼60 and ∼ 30 K for Ln=La and Pr, respectively. Below TP, the M(T) curves taken after different thermal cycles, i.e., field cooled and zero-field cooled processes, are histories dependent on the magnitude of M(T) decreasing with increasing applied magnetic field. We have also observed that TP decreases with increasing applied magnetic field. Measurements of χac(T) at zero applied magnetic field in all samples studied revealed one peak anomaly occurring at temperatures Tf=58 and 30 K for La and Pr, respectively. In fact, increasing frequency over four orders of magnitude results in a shift of the peak anomaly to higher temperatures, as expected for a spin-glass system. Also, a broadening of the peak anomaly is observed with the application of an external magnetic field and it evolves in two peaks at H as high as ∼ 500 Oe. Thus the χac(T) curves reveal two well-defined peaks: one, which is essentially frequency independent and another that is shifted to higher temperatures with increasing frequency. The origin of these magnetic behaviors is discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372563
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Event-related brain potentials in a varied-set memory search task: A reconsideration (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 33 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 19 healthy subjects as they completed two Sternberg (1969, American Scientist, 57, 421–457) memory tests. In separate sessions, either single digits (i.e., 0–9) or 10 abstract figures were used as stimuli. In both sessions, memory set sizes were 1 (M1), 2 (M2), or 4 (M4). The amplitude and latency of the parietal P400 and the frontocentral negativity preceding P400 varied significantly with set size, but only between M1 and M2, whereas reaction time increased dramatically from M1 to M2 and from M2 to M4. These findings challenge previous assertions that the ERPs reflect aspects of the exhaustive serial search proposed by Sternberg. A late parietal positivity (P620), which failed to vary with set size, was larger in response to figures than to digits and may represent the search for, or utilization of, semantic traces of the stimuli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02429.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Micro-Mitral Operation Comparing the Port-Access Technique and the Transthoracic Clamp Technique (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 15 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Several minimally invasive approaches to the mitral valve have been described, including parasternal incision and right anterolateral thoracotomy. Material and Methods: Since September 1996, 58 patients underwent minimally invesive mitral valve surgery at our institution through a right anterolateral minithoractomy. Two different techniques were used for institution of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and aortic clamping: in the Port-Access group (group A) patients had femoro-femoral cannulation with a special arterial cannula to introduce an endoaortic balloon clamp (n = 23). The second group (group B) of patients underwent femoro-femoral CPB as well in combination with a specially designed transthoracic aortic clamp (Chitwood technique, n = 35). Patients were assigned to either technique in a nonrandomized fashion. Demographics were similar in both groups. Results: In group A, 4 valves were replaced, 19 patients had mitral valve repair. In group B, 7 patients had valve replacement and 28 patients underwent mitral repair. Four patients in group A were converted to Chitwood technique due to endoclamp dysfunction. Operating time, CPB time, cross-clamp time, and postoperative blood loss were lower in group B (operating time 295 ± 83 min vs. 236 ± 63.9 min; CPB min 167.6 = 64.9 min vs. 137.6 ± 38.2 min; cross-clamp time 105.9 ± 51.7 min vs. 78.9 ± 25.2 min; postoperative blood loss 584 ± 428 mL vs. 323 ± 209 mL [p 〈 0.05]). Clinical outcome regarding postoperative mechanical ventilatilation time, hospital stay and hospital mortality was not different between groups. Conclusions: Minimally invasive mitral valve procedures via right anterolateral minithoracotomy, including complex valve repair, can be performed successfully using either technique. However, the Chitwood technique provides better intraoperative handling with shorter operation time and less postoperative blood loss. Additionally, costs of a procedure are less using the Chitwood technique compared to the Port-Access technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.2000.tb00446.x
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