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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contralateral differences among biomarkers determined by a modified nasal lavage technique after unilateral antigen challenge (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 50 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The concentration of biomarkers from vessels and inflammatory cells in nasal lavage fluid reflects the degree of hyperresponsiveness in patients with allergic rhinitis. The lavage has usually been performed of both nasal cavities together after prewashings and administration of decongestants. To improve the technique, we introduced a modification involving lavage of the nasal cavities separately without any prewashings or decongestants. We challenged 20 rhinitic subjects sensitive to timothy unilaterally with timothy extract. In nasal lavages performed before, immediately after, and 6 h after the challenge, we determined the concentrations of albumin, histamine, bradykinin, TAME (TV-α-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester)-esterase, and leukotriene C4 (LTC4). In eight subjects, the procedure was repeated 1 and 2 weeks later. After the challenge, albumin, bradykinin, TAME-esterase, and LTC4 in the nasal lavage fluid increased on the ipsilateral side but not on the Contralateral side. Histamine did not increase after antigen challenge. After 6 h, the biomarkers were not increased. The concentrations of biomarkers did not differ between sides before the challenge and not between visits. Thus, the modified nasal lavage technique is reliable and improved compared to previous methods because it involves reproducible determinations of different biomarkers, and it is simple and easy to perform.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01153.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tree pollen allergy (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 42 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 872 adult hay fever patients were investigated with skin tests, using 20 different tree pollen allergens, and Phadebas RAST®, using eight different tree pollen allergens. Correlation between test results with the different allergens were studied employing the Spearman's correlation coefficient (Rho). Most combinations showed statistically significant correlations. The highest values of Rho (0.8–0.9) were found for pollen from combinations of trees belonging to the families Betulaceae, Corylaceae and Fagaceae (birch, alder, hazel, beech and oak). High values were also found between pollens from aspen and sallow (belonging to Salicaceae). With several of the trees a high degree of pollen cross sensitization was found, even with trees from a different plant family. Since most of the patients were allergic to birch pollen, some of the reactions to other pollens could be due to allergens shared by birch. To exclude this possibility, a separate analysis was performed for patients having no birch pollen allergy. Even in these patients evidence of cross sensitization was found. It is concluded that cross reactions are common among tree pollens and are most pronounced within botanical families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1987.tb02201.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rationale for Specific Immunotherapy of Grass Pollen Allergy with Extracts of Rye Pollen (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 39 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy, an extract of rye (Secale cerebale) is often included. The aim of this study was to investigate by skin prick test (SPT) and immunochemical methods whether rye pollen contains specific allergens justifying the use of this extract separately. Twenty grass pollen allergic patients were skin prick tested with a dialysed freeze-dried raw extract of rye pollen (Sc), timothy extract (Soluprick® SQ, 1 HEP) and two other rye extracts (Soluprick®). Sera from the patients were RAST-tested using Sc and timothy (Pp). CRIE was performed using Sc and rabbit-anti grass (aNG) antibodies. The antigenic relations between rye and common grasses were investigated by CLIE using Sc and aNG as references, and by RAST inhibition. The ability of aNG to absorb the allergen activity of Sc was also tested. Significant correlations were found between timothy and rye when compared by means of SPT and RAST. The immunochemical analyses did not reveal any rye antigens containing rye epitopes only. However, the possibility of rye antigens with several epitopes, of which at least one is specific for rye, could not be excluded. Clinical symptoms supposedly elicited by rye alone can be explained quantitatively by the strongly time-limited and concentrated natural exposition. Diagnosis and treatment can, however, be performed with extracts of common grasses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1984.tb01964.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of Metacholine-Induced Nasal Secretion by Treatment with a New Topical Steroid in Perennial Non-Allergic Rhinitis (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 36 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The value of three objective tests of the nasal mucosa in 22 patients with perennial non-allergic rhinitis treated with a topical corticosteroid has been investigated. Placebo and three different dosages of a new steroid, budesonide, were administered intranasally using a double-blind, cross-over technique. Nasal airway resistance was not reduced by the steroid treatment as compared with the placebo treatment. Eosinophilia in nasal smears was reduced by budesonide. However, the value of this test was decreased by the fact that eosinophilia was found in less than 50% of the patients at the beginning of the trial. Metacholine-induced nasal secretion was significantly reduced by the budesonide treatment. Symptom scores for nasal obstruction, secretion and sneezing attacks were also significantly reduced by the steroid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1981.tb01836.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biologic activity of Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis allergens in exposed and unexposed mite-allergic individuals. Effect of patient selection on the biologic standardization of mite extracts (1999)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: This study aimed to investigate the influence of patient selection criteria, i.e., mite-allergic individuals exposed and not exposed to Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis, on the biologic activity of mite extracts. Determination of the potency of mite extracts in vivo requires selection of patients with a clinical history of mite allergy. In Scandinavia, there are some anamnestic criteria for mite allergy, whereas in the tropics, where patients are continuously exposed to high levels of mites, selection of patients with mite allergy by clinical history is difficult. Methods: A total of 210 Cuban asthmatics with continuous symptoms, and 43 Swedes with a clinical history of mite allergy were investigated. Skin prick tests were performed with D. siboney, D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae, B. tropicalis, Acarus siro, Lepidoglyphus destructor, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae extracts. For analysis of the biologic activity of mite extracts, Cuban patients were divided into four groups:1)all patients skin-test-positive to mites2)patients positive to mites, but not to other inhalant allergens3)patients reacting most to the mite species analyzed4)patients reactive only to mites and reacting most to the mite species analyzed.The biologic potency was calculated according to the Nordic Guidelines. Results: Due to cross-reactivity between mites, Swedish mite-sensitive patients, with a clear clinical history of mite allergy, but not exposed to D. siboney and B. tropicalis, were more skin reactive to these mites than were Cubans. The estimated potency increased gradually to 〉200% in group 4. In group 1 Cubans, the reactivity to all mites but B. tropicalis was lower than that in mite-sensitive Swedes. Conclusions: According to the influence of patient selection criteria on the estimation of the potency of mite extracts, the determination of the biologic activity of allergenic extracts in subjects without a clear-cut clinical history should be replaced by new methods when available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00875.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy with partially purified and standardized tree pollen extracts (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Patients allergic to tree pollen entered a 3-year course of immunotherapy (1980–83) with either birch pollen extracts alone (n= 26) or patient-tailored extracts of birch, alder and hazel pollen (n= 21). The clinical and immunological results of this study are published elsewhere. This paper contains an evaluation of skin prick test and nasal provocation test results. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups concerning these two parameters. In both groups the allergen-specific sensitivity in the skin showed seasonal variations but a significant decrease. During the years of treatment there was also a significant decrease in the specific sensitivity of the nasal mucosa. With the present demands for purification and standardization of allergen extracts it is of practical and economic interest to know that tree pollen-allergic patients showing positive reactions to birch, alder and hazel extracts can be effectively treated using birch pollen extract alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00430.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunotherapy with partially purified and standardized tree pollen extracts (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Patients allergic to pollen from alder, birch and hazel were hyposensitized during a 3-year period with either birch pollen extract alone (n= 24) or a mixture of one or more of alder, birch and hazel pollen extracts (n= 27). The effect of the treatment was evaluated by RAST and tandem crossed-radioimmunoelectrophoresis (tandem-CRIE). The patient' specific IgE response to the major allergens of alder (Aln g I), birch (Bet v I) and hazel (Cor a I and Cor a II), as measured by tandem-CRIE, and the total specific IgE response, measured by RAST, decreased significantly (Pc 〈 0.05) during immunotherapy, irrespective of the extract used during the treatment. There was no significant difference (Pc 〈 0.05) between the two treatment groups. The results obtained indicate either that birch pollen extract alone is adequate in the treatment of the studied patient group or the patients had been sensitized towards birch pollen alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1988.tb00431.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-blind comparison between beclomethasone dipropionate as aerosol and as powder in patients with nasal polyposis (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 12 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Beclomethasone dipropionate as a pressurized aerosol is effective in nasal polyposis, but the efficacy is only moderate. In these partly-blocked noses, it seems possible that the insufflated drug in powder form is better distributed over the mucous membrane than the pressurized aerosol. To test this hypothesis, we treated forty-two patients with nasal polyposis with intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate as a powder and as a pressurized aerosol in a double-dummy, cross-over design. There was no difference between the treatments in sixteen patients, while in twelve cases there was a preference for beclomethasone dipropionate as aerosol, and in fourteen, for the powder form. Fourteen found the aerosol most irritating and nineteen, the powder. Thus, in a group of polyp patients there were no significant differences between the two application forms, but possibly there is a need for both aerosol and powder, as there appeared to be differences in the individual responsiveness to the two types of intranasal medication;. Blind microscopy of wiped nasal-smears before and after beclomethasone dipropionate treatment showed a reduction of basophilic cells, and counting of sneezes after medication demonstrated a reduction in the number of sneezes. These results suggest that a reduction of epithelial mediator-cells and of irritant receptor-sensitivity are of importance for the efficacy of topical steroids in rhinitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb02544.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specificity mapping of patients IgE response towards the tree pollen major allergens Aln g I, Bet v I and Cor a I (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The specificity pattern of IgE from non-treated tree pollen allergic patients (n= 38) were evaluated by solid phase absorption of serum samples followed by CRIE on alder, birch and hazel CIE precipitation profiles. The majority of the serum samples seemed to contain IgE antibodies with the following characteristics: specific towards Bet v I alone and common between Aln g I, Bet v I and/or Cor a I, ‘II’. The IgE specificity profiles observed for 95% of the sera tested are compatible with birch pollen allergens being the only sensitizing allergens, indicating that the patients react to allergens from other tree pollens of the Fagales order due to IgE cross-reaction with the major allergens of birch and alder and/or hazel pollens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb03101.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Levocabastine eye drops versus sodium cromoglycate in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb01756.x
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