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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FS04.6
Dose/unit area and time – key factors influencing the elicitation capacity of MCI/MI (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc.
    Contact dermatitis 50 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The objective of the study was to investigate, using the Repeated Open Application Test (ROAT), two key parameters of exposure – allergen concentration (dose/unit area) and time in terms of the elicitation capacity of methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) in MCI/MI-sensitised individuals and to explore the inter-relationship between these two key factors. The study was designed as a double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response ROAT preceded by a Diagnostic Patch Test (DPT). 79 patients with a known MCI/M allergy were contacted, 29 were diagnostically patch tested and 25 had their allergy confirmed. 25 MCI/M-allergic subjects and 10 healthy non-allergic control subjects were challenged with 2 ppm of MCI/MI/unit area of skin for 4 weeks. After a wash out period of at least 4 weeks the subjects were challenged with 7.5 ppm of MCI/MI/unit area of skin for 4 weeks. A ROAT with 2 drops of solution twice a day was conducted on the volar aspect of the left and right forearms on a 3 × 3 cm area resulting in dose/unit area of MCI/MI of 0.025 mg/cm2 and 0.095 mg/cm2 for 2 ppm and 7,5 ppm MCI/MI respectively. The elicitation capacity of MCI/MI in MCI/MI sensitive patients is dependent on the exposure dose/unit area and time The results of this study will be a useful addition to the risk assessment information available for MCI/MI. The risk assessment for the use of MCI/MI in rinse off consumer products is unaffected by the results of this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.0309ao.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The chemical and biochemical reactivity of dichlorvos (1978)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 42 (1978), S. 1-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: 2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate ; Dichlorvos ; Rat genotoxicity ; Metabolism ; Mouse ; Hamster ; Pig ; Man ; Methylation ; DNA ; 7-Methylguanine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The chemical structure, reactivity and metabolic fate of the insecticide dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) are discussed in relation to the possible genotoxicity of this and other methyl phosphate triesters. Recent attempts to demonstrate the methylation of DNA following exposure of bacteria and animals to dichlorvos are reviewed. On the basis of comparative data relating mutagenesis to methylation reactions, it seems entirely appropriate to conclude that the mutagenicity of dichlorvos to bacteria is due solely to methylation of the bacterial DNA under the conditions of these tests. However, the methylation of mammalian DNA could not be demonstrated under realistic exposure conditions (when the alkylating mutagen methyl methanesulphonate afforded clearly measurable methylation). The failure to detect methylation by dichlorvos in vivo is attributed to the operation of highly efficient enzyme-catalysed biotransformations which rely largely on the phosphorylating reactivity of dichlorvos. The biotransformation pathways, characterised mostly in the rat, appear to be common also to pig, mouse, hamster, and man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351820
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pregnancy in xanthinuria: Demonstration of fetal uric acid production? (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 7 (1984), S. 77-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper reports biochemical studies in a pregnant xanthinuric female (McKusick 27830) and compares the results with findings in three other xanthinurics studied by us, including a previously unreported female who had a nephrectomy for xanthine stones. The findings of raised levels of uric acid in plasma and urine at presentation in the third trimester of pregnancy, and the subsequent fall to almost undetectable levels 6 weeks post-partum, is regarded as evidence of the extent of fetal uric acid production and clearance by the maternal circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01805810
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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