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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of substrate temperature and ion incident energy on silicon surface cleaning using a hydrogen plasma excited by electron cyclotron resonance (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 6936-6940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Effects of the substrate temperature and ion incident energy on silicon surface cleaning and hydrogen penetration caused by irradiation with a hydrogen plasma have been investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A silicon native oxide and a hydrocarbon-contaminated layer were removed only on the condition that the silicon substrate was struck with hydrogen ions having proper kinetic energies of less than 40 eV at temperatures from room temperature to 400 °C. However, the silicon oxide grew either at temperatures below room temperature or at no ion incidence onto the substrate. This oxidation phenomenon was attributed to residual H2O in the vacuum system. On the other hand, hydrogen penetration occurred only on the condition of hydrogen ion bombardment. The amount of penetrated hydrogen increased with substrate temperature and ion incident energy. The amount of penetrated hydrogen was found to be drastically reduced under the condition of ion incident energy of less than 5 eV and a substrate temperature of about room temperature. It is concluded that an oxideless clean surface without hydrogen penetration into silicon bulk is obtained by means of irradiation with a hydrogen plasma having a low ion incident energy (≤5 eV) at room temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355042
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuroprotective Action of Nicardipine Hydrochloride (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    CNS drug reviews 1 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1527-3458
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-3458.1995.tb00278.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of diamond films by applying current into the plasma stream in the arc discharge plasma jet chemical vapor deposition technique (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 6636-6640 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A synthesis method that provides high-purity diamond films is proposed employing direct current arc discharge plasma jet chemical vapor deposition. In the method, an electric current was supplied to a plasma jet stream by applying a bias voltage between a cathode and the substrate on which diamond films were deposited. The Raman spectral analysis showed that the purity of the synthetic diamond was remarkably improved by the application of the bias voltage during deposition. The alternating current calorimetric method was employed to measure the thermal diffusion coefficient of the synthesized diamond films. The thermal diffusion coefficient greatly increased for films deposited with biasing. This improved thermal diffusion coefficient suggests higher purity diamond films. Emission spectral analysis revealed that the quantity of the dissociated hydrogen contributing to the plasma emission near the substrate is greater when biasing is used. Thus, the dissociated and excited hydrogen atoms are considered to play a key role in removing the carbon allotropes other than diamond. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359074
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Existence of threshold density in silicon surface cleaning using hydrogen electron cyclotron resonance plasma (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 58 (1991), S. 2663-2665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Silicon surfaces were cleaned using hydrogen electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma, and were analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy after exposure to air. For cleaning a silicon surface, a threshold density exists to remove a surface oxide layer using hydrogen ECR plasma. Cleaning was promoted when the electron density was higher than the threshold density. The threshold density seems to depend on the base pressure. In the experiment, the threshold density was about 1010 cm−3 at the base pressure of 8×10−7 Torr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104800
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of a new TRH analogue, YM-14673 on a passive avoidance test as a possible criterion of improvement in cognitive disturbance in rodents (1988)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 338 (1988), S. 262-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: TRH ; YM-14673 ; Passive avoidance ; Amnesia ; Scopolamine ; Anoxia ; Cerebral ischemia ; Cycloheximide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Effects of a new TRH analogue, YM-14673 (Nα-[[(S)-4-oxo-2-azetidinyl carbonyl]-l-histidyl-L-prolinamide dihydrate) on cognitive disturbance of passive avoidance response were studied in rodents in comparison with those of TRH and CDP-choline. The latency for entering from the illuminated into the dark compartments was shortened in anoxia and scopolamine-treated rats, cycloheximidetreated mice and cerebral ischemic gerbils. The shortened latency in these models was prolonged by administration of both YM-14673 and TRH in doses without effect on spontaneous movement. YM-14673 was about 10 times more potent than TRH in ameliorating the cognitive disturbance, whereas CDP-choline showed no influence on the learning ability. These results suggest that YM-14673 and TRH possess facilitatory effects on cerebral function and that YM-14673 was distinct from CDP-choline in pharmacological profile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00173398
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facilitation of acetylcholine release in rat frontal cortex by indeloxazine hydrochloride: involvement of endogenous serotonin and 5-HT4 receptors (1997)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 356 (1997), S. 712-720 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Keywords Acetylcholine ; Serotonin ; Indeloxazine ; 5-HT4 receptor ; Frontal cortex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride, an inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) reuptake with a facilitatory effect on 5-HT release, on acetylcholine (ACh) output in frontal cortex of conscious rats were characterized using an in vivo microdialysis technique. Systemic administration of indeloxazine (3 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) increased ACh and 5-HT output in a dose-dependent manner. Depletion of endogenous monoamines by reserpine and of 5-HT by p-chlorophenylalanine, but not that of catecholamines by α-methyl-p-tyrosine, significantly attenuated the facilitatory effect of indeloxazine on ACh release. When applied locally by reverse dialysis, indeloxazine (10 and 30 μM) and the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor citalopram (10 μM), but not the NE reuptake inhibitor maprotiline (30 μM), increased cortical ACh output. Indeloxazine (10 mg/kg)-induced increase in ACh release was significantly inhibited by local application of the 5-HT4 receptor antagonists RS23597 (50 μM) and GR113803 (1 μM), while the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100135 (100 μM), 5-HT1A/1B/β-adrenoceptor antagonist (–)propranolol (150 μM), 5-HT2A/2C antagonist ritanserin (10 μM) and 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron (10 μM) failed to significantly modify this effect. Neither depletion of monoamines nor treatment with serotonergic antagonists significantly changed the basal ACh level, indicating that endogenous monoamines do not tonically activate ACh release. These results suggest that indeloxazine-induced facilitation of ACh release in rat frontal cortex is mediated by endogenous 5-HT and involves at least in part cortical 5-HT4 receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of a new TRH analogue, YM-14673 on the central nervous system (1987)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 336 (1987), S. 561-565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: YM-14673 ; TRH ; Arousal action ; Models of head trauma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of a new TRH analogue, YM-14673 (Nα-[{(S)-4-oxo-2-azetidinyl}carbonyl]-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide dihydrate) on the central nervous system were compared with those of TRH. YM-14673 was 10–40 times more potent than TRH in antagonizing pentobarbital-induced sleep and hypothermia, and ethanol-induced hypothermia in mice. YM-14673 accelerated recovery from disturbed consciousness induced by concussive head trauma in mice and normalized the behavior and spontaneous EEG disturbed by electrolytic lesion of the hypothalamus in cats with 25 -100 times greater potency than that of TRH. In the tests on pentobarbital sleeping time and EEG disturbance, the cerebral activating activity of YM-14673 was 8 –36 times longer-lasting than that of TRH. These results indicate that YM-14673 possesses potent arousal effects on the central nervous system. The mode of action of YM-14673 was also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00169314
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vivo Specific Binding Characteristics and Pharmacokinetics of a 1,4-Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Antagonist in the Senescent Mouse Brain (2000)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 17 (2000), S. 844-850 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist ; (+)-[3H]PN 200-110 ; senescence-accelerated prone mouse ; brain concentration ; pharmacokinetics ; in vivo receptor binding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. To characterize the in vivo specific binding andpharmacokinetics of a 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel antagonist, PN200-110, in the senescent brain, using senescence-accelerated pronemice (SAMP8) and senescence-resistant mice (SAMR1). Methods. Blood, brain, and heart samples were taken periodically fromSAMR1 and SAMP8 following intravenous injection of (+)-[3H]PN200-110, and the concentration of (+)-[3H]PN 200-110 in the plasmaand tissues was determined. In addition, the in vivo specific bindingof (+)-[3H]PN 200-110 in the brains of SAMR1 and SAMP8 wasmeasured periodically after intravenous injection of the radioligand. Results. There was very little significant difference between SAMR1and SAMP8 in terms of the half-life (t1/2), total body clearance (CLtot),steady-state volume of distribution (Vdss), and AUC for the plasmaconcentration of (+)-[3H]PN 200-110 after intravenous injection ofthe radioligand. The brain concentration (AUCbrain) for (+)-[3H]PN200-110 and the brain/plasma AUC ratio (AUCbrain/AUCplasma) weresignificantly lower in SAMP8 than in SAMR1, and the heartconcentration (AUCheart) and the heart/plasma AUC ratio (AUCheart/AUCplasma)were similar in both strains. Also, the brain/plasma unbound AUCratio (AUCbrain/AUCplasma-free) for (+)-[3H]PN 200-110 wassignificantly lower in SAMP8 than in SAMR1. The in vivo specific binding(AUCspecific binding, maximal number of binding sites: Bmax) of(+)-[3H]PN 200-110 was significantly lower in brain particulate fractionsof SAMP8 than SAMR1. Conclusions. The concentration and in vivo specific binding of(+)-[3H]PN 200-110 was significantly reduced in the senescent brain. Thesimultaneous analysis of the concentrations of centrally acting drugsand the in vivo specific binding in the brain in relation to theirpharmacokinetics may be valuable in evaluating their CNS effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007512426420
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of plasma polymers from tetramethylsilane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and methyltrimethoxysilane (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 1737-1744 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The products in inductively coupled plasma excited in organosilicic compounds were studied on chemical structures by spectroscopic methods. Plasma-polymerized tetramethylsilane (PA) contains not only Si—CH3 groups but also Si—H groups on IR and 29Si-NMR analyses. 13C-NMR spectrum of PA reveals that the crosslinked structure of PA is mainly constructed of Ch2 and CH groups. Plasma-polymerized octamethyleyclotetrasiloxane (PD4) is composed of Si—CH3 and Si—O groups. 13C- and 29Si-NMR spectra of PD4 point out the highly preservation of the structural units similar to the monomer. These data of PD4 suggest that PD4 is formed from the ring-opening polymerization by cleavages of Si—O bonds. 13C-NMR spectrum of poly[methyltrimethoxysilane] (PT) indicates the existence of CH3—O groups, meanwhile its 29Si-NMR analysis concludes that PT is chiefly composed of the structural units similar to the monomer. The surface analyses by XPS of PA, PD4 and PT suggest that these organosilicic plasma polymers resemble their starting materials.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250703
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma polymerization of mixed monomer gases (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 1721-1731 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper, plasma polymerization of mixed monomer gases was studied. In the films, the elements derived from each monomer are contained, and they are distributed homogeneously at a certain depth. The films are made up by the copolymers in which both monomers are combined. The chemical compositions of the copolymers can be controlled by changing the proportions of the two monomer gases. The films having gradual compositional change toward depth can be prepared by using a mixture of two monomer gases and changing their proportions during the plasma polymerization. These copolymeric and gradient copolymeric films were formed on porous glass hollow fibers, and gas permeability of these composite membranes was measured. The gradient copolymerization methods are available for the preparation of the membranes for gas separation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080260704
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