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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using the technique of in situ hybridization, we have attempted to identify messenger RNA for tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in cells infiltrating allergen-induced late phase reaetion (LPR) of the skin and the nose ofatopic subjects. We have also compared the number of TNFα mRNA positive cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from atopic asthmatics and normal controls. Twenty-four hours after local allergen challenge, 12/14 skin biopsies and 9/10 nasal biopsies had positive hybridization signals for TNFα mRNA whereas only 4/14 and 2/10 biopsies were positive in the relevant diluent controls. Compared with diluent sites significantly increased numbers of cells expressing mRNA for TNFα were observed in the LPR of skin (P 〈0.004) and nose(P 〈0.006). All BAL from asthmatics (n= 10) and from normal volunteers (n= 10) had cells showing positive hybridization signals for TNFα mRN A but these were at increased frequency in asthmatics (P〈 0.001). These results suggest that TNFα may be an important cytokine in atopic allergic inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Eosinophils are believed to be critical proinflammatory cells in airway mucosal damage in asthma. Eotaxin is a C-C chemokine with selective activity for eosinophils and basophils. Previous studies have shown increased expression of eotaxin in the airways of asthmatics at baseline. We aimed to investigate eotaxin expression during the late-phase reaction to allergen inhalation in atopic asthmatics. Methods: Sputum induction was performed before and 24 h after inhalational allergen challenge in atopic asthmatics, and eotaxin protein was detected immunocytochemically. Results: Thirteen patients with a mean decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 28% (±1.5) during the early asthmatic reaction, and 39% (±4.7) during the late asthmatic reaction produced sufficient sputum for study. The percentage of eosinophils in sputum was increased 24 h after allergen challenge (P〈0.004), and eosinophil percentages in sputum after challenge correlated with the magnitude of the late-phase reaction (r=0.56, P=0.05). The percentage of eotaxin-positive cells increased from 12.6% (range 2–43.8) to 24.3% (8.1–47.1, P〈0.005). Allergen-induced increases in eotaxin-positive cells correlated with increases in eosinophils (r=0.63, P〈0.01). Conclusions: These findings suggest that eotaxin may contribute to allergen-induced recruitment of eosinophils to the airway in asthmatic subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2196
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Shangsi P/Tr layer is located in a road section 1 km from the town of Shangsi. This section has been extensively investigated, so that stratigraphical sequences of the Permian and Triassic are clear. However, opinions differ as to the demarcation of the P/Tr boundary; most hold that the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 17 (1996), S. 549-554 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: seepage flow ; variational inequality ; finite element method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The free boundary of the seepage flow is a problem of close consideration in engineering. So far, an estimation of the wet set region usually needs a priori before the numerical analysis, and the configuration of the free boundary is then obtained by successive approximation. The authors of this paper benefit from a new mathematical expression—The Variational Inequality—to formulate the free boundary problem, which is then solved by the finite element method. Instead of the conventional way of discretization, here the finite element mesh is generated in the entire domain of the studied media and the free boundary of the seepage region can be defined directly without any process of iteration. The investigation gives a new effective scheme for the seepage flow analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied mathematics and mechanics 20 (1999), S. 807-811 
    ISSN: 1573-2754
    Keywords: seepage ; non-steady state ; variational inequality ; O357.3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Along with the vigorous developing construction, the number of various underground engineerings is greatly increasing, such as the foundations of dams and high-rised multistored hauses, the subways and the tunnels, the water and oil wells etc., where the close attention is always paid to the seepage behaviour in the media around the structures. The variational inequality formulation and its FEM solution for the free boundary problem of 2D steady state seepage flow was given by She Yinghe et al. In this paper, a further investigation is made on the non-steady state seepage problem, by taking the seepage flow of wells as an example. The presented approach—variational inequality and its FEM solution—is also very beneficial to the non-steady state problems, where the transient free boundary can also be defined directly without conventional iterations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 147 (1991), S. 377-384 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A method of determination of trace gold and iridium in steel is presented. The samples were preconcentrated with an anion exchanger. The chemical recoveries were determined by an isotope tracer technique using198Au and192Ir.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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