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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domain size determination of granular ferromagnetic systems with neutron depolarization (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 1275-1280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The depolarization of a polarized neutron beam after transmission through a granular magnetic medium is related to the size and orientation of the ferromagnetic domains. Unfortunately, this relationship is simple only for a limited number of cases. In order to investigate the interpretation of neutron depolarization data, calculations for a three-dimensional model system of granular magnetic domains are presented. A comparison is made between the equations generally used to approximate the average domain size and the actual average domain size of the model system. Calculations are performed for several configurations of monodisperse spherical domains, as well as for a polydisperse distribution of nonspherical domains. While there is a good agreement between the actual domain size and that derived from the calculated neutron depolarization at low volume fractions of magnetic domains, at increasing volume fractions there is an increasing discrepancy. This discrepancy is partially due to magnetic correlations between domains and is sensitive to the magnetic configuration. Furthermore, the size distribution and the spatial distribution of the domains in the sample have a significant effect on the neutron depolarization data. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1332090
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Training effects and the microscopic magnetic structure of exchange biased Co/CoO bilayers (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5046-5048 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Exchange bias of a partially oxidized thin film of ferromagnetic Co was studied by magnetization measurements and polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR). The magnetization curve shows strong effects of training with cycling of the magnetic field. Reflectivity measurements with the field parallel to the cooling field showed the onset of spin-dependent diffuse scattering—off the specular reflection—after a training cycle. Such scattering, of the Yoneda type, is due to misaligned Co domains possibly close to the Co/CoO interface. Subjecting the field cooled Co/CoO pair to a field perpendicular to the cooling field causes a rotation of the magnetization. The PNR measurements confirmed earlier susceptibility studies by indicating that the rotation of the magnetization is reversible in fields up to 400 Oe. The rotation of the magnetization of Co is uniform across the film thickness. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373243
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic configurations in exchange-biased double superlattices (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 4174-4176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The layer-by-layer magnetization of a "double-superlattice" Fe/Cr(211) exchange-bias junction was determined by polarized neutron reflectometry. An n-layered [Fe/Cr]n antiferromagnetic (AF) superlattice is coupled with an m-layered [Fe/Cr]m ferromagnetic (F) superlattice, to provide a controlled exchange bias. In low magnetic fields, the magnetizations of the two superlattices are collinear. The two magnetized states (along or opposite to the bias field) differ only in the relative orientation of the F and adjacent AF layer. At higher fields, the AF moments flop to the direction perpendicular to the applied field. The structure, thus determined, explains the magnitude of the bias field. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125573
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Switching of the exchange bias in Fe/Cr(211) double-superlattice structures (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2222-2224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The reversal of the direction of the exchange bias in a "double-superlattice" system which consists of an Fe/Cr antiferromagnetic (AF) superlattice which is ferromagnetically coupled with an Fe/Cr ferromagnetic (F) superlattice through a Cr spacer layer, is observed. Magnetometry and polarized neutron reflectometry show that a switch in the bias direction occurs at a field (∼447 Oe) well below the field (14 kOe) necessary to saturate the AF superlattice and well below the field (2 kOe) where the AF superlattice initiates a spin–flop transition. The switching of the exchange bias cannot be explained in terms of a model of uniform rotation, but rather by breakdown into domains and reversal of the AF layers. The transparency of magnetic behavior of the double superlattice may be useful in understanding the behavior of traditional exchange bias systems. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1313806
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