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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholinergic mechanisms in a simple test of olfactory learning in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 99 (1989), S. 270-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Olfactory learning ; Rat ; Scopolamine ; Septal lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Male rats were tested in a simple olfactory habituation and discrimination paradigm. Untreated rats habituated their responses over three trials to one odour but were capable of recognising a novel odour presented on the fourth trial. Administration (SC) of either scopolamine or N-methylscopolamine before trials commenced produced a decrease in overall responding. Scopolamine, but not N-methylscopolamine, also blocked habituation to the first odour and recognition to the second, novel odour. Administration of scopolamine after trial 3 did not block the ability of the animals to respond differentially to a novel odour, although again overall levels of responding were decreased. Electrolytic lesions of the medial septal area increased overall levels of responding but lesioned animals still habituated their response over trials and were capable of recognising a novel odour. Therefore although cholinergic mechanisms appear to be involved in this type of learning, these effects are unlikely to be mediated via the septohippocampal system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442821
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of (R)-α-methylhistamine and scopolamine on spatial learning in the rat assessed using a water maze (1994)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 114 (1994), S. 651-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: (R)-α-Methylhistamine ; Scopolamine ; Histamine ; Cognition ; Water maze ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of (R)-α-methylhistamine ((R)-α-MeHA, a selective H3-receptor agonist) and scopolamine (SCOP, a muscarinic antagonist) were investigated on spatial learning and memory in the rat (Hooded Lister) using a water maze (WM). (R)-α-MeHA treatment (6.3 and 10 mg/kg IP) had no apparent effect on spatial learning but did result in enhanced spatial recall at the higher dose, assessed by a transfer (probe) test after training. In contrast, SCOP (0.5 mg/kg IP) induced a learning and memory deficit measured both during and after training. In animals treated with (R)-α-MeHA and SCOP, (R)-α-MeHA partially (6.3 mg/kg) and completely (10 mg/kg) reversed the SCOP-induced deficit during the training phase, while in the post-training transfer test, (R)-α-MeHA (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the SCOP-induced memory deficit. None of the treatments described resulted in impaired visual acuity as demonstrated by a raised platform test. These results are consistent with a role for histamine in cognitive processes and suggest a possible interaction between central histamine and cholinergic mechanisms associated with rodent spatial learning and memory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244997
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, RX77368, on AMPA-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats in an operant delayed non-matching to position test (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 127 (1996), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone ; RX77368 ; Alzheimer's disease ; AMPA ; Septal-hippocampal ; Working memory ; Delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, RX77368, on performance of a working memory test, using a delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) procedure, in (RS)-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats. Following a postsurgery recovery period, pretrained rats were tested once daily on DNMTP, 30 min post-administration of RX77368 (1.0 mg kg−1, IP) or saline. AMPA-induced lesions significantly reduced percent correct responses during the second week of testing. Comparison of percent correct responses between days 1 and 13 of testing showed that sham rats significantly improved DNMTP performance, whereas lesioned rats did not. RX77368 significantly reduced general locomotor activity in sham rats in activity boxes, but did not disrupt non-mnemonic measures, such as locomotion and motivation, in the DNMTP test. RX77368 increased percent correct responses in AMPA-lesioned rats on days 8–10 and 11–13. There was also a significant improvement in percent correct responses achieved between day 1 and 13 in RX77368-treated lesioned and sham rats. These results showed that: (i) septal-hippocampal lesioned rats did not improve over the testing period; and (ii) on test days when a significant impairment was present, RX77368 partially improved DNMTP performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246135
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, RX77368, on AMPA-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats in an operant delayed non-matching to position test (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 127 (1996), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone ; RX77368 ; Alzheimer’s disease ; AMPA ; Septal-hippocampal ; Working memory ; Delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, RX77368, on performance of a working memory test, using a delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) procedure, in (RS)-α-amino-3-hydroxy- 5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats. Following a post-surgery recovery period, pretrained rats were tested once daily on DNMTP, 30 min post-administration of RX77368 (1.0 mg kg–1, IP) or saline. AMPA-induced lesions significantly reduced percent correct responses during the second week of testing. Comparison of percent correct responses between days 1 and 13 of testing showed that sham rats significantly improved DNMTP performance, whereas lesioned rats did not. RX77368 significantly reduced general locomotor activity in sham rats in activity boxes, but did not disrupt non-mnemonic measures, such as locomotion and motivation, in the DNMTP test. RX77368 increased percent correct responses in AMPA-lesioned rats on days 8–10 and 11–13. There was also a significant improvement in percent correct responses achieved between day 1 and 13 in RX77368-treated lesioned and sham rats. These results showed that: (i) septal-hippocampal lesioned rats did not improve over the testing period; and (ii) on test days when a significant impairment was present, RX77368 partially improved DNMTP performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050085
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermodynamics of sorption with reference to klinki pine (1991)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 25 (1991), S. 179-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary An investigation into the bonding energy relationships for water in wood indicates that as the temperature increases at constant total moisture content, water moves from within the chemical structure to the adsorption surface. The analysis is evaluated for the wood Araucaria klinkii Lauterb and it is indicated that at 25 °C, less water is held in the chemical structure during adsorption than during desorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223469
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the basic equation of sorption and the isosteric heat (1991)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 25 (1991), S. 99-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary Precise derivations are given for the basic equation of sorption, -RT ln r = Δh -T Δs. and for the isosteric heat. The prefix Δ indicates the change from sorbed liquid to free liquid. The above basic equation is interpreted as an equilibrium moisture constant (emc) equation. It is shown how Δs/R varies with temperature under the assumption that Δh/l is a function of moisture content only. The above ratios are the obvious non-dimensional expressions for Δh and Δs and these are evaluated for wood as typified by klinki pine (Araucaria klinkii Lauterb.).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226810
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the activation energy of diffusion of water in wood (1992)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 26 (1992), S. 73-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The diffusion equation for water in wood is expanded in terms of temperature and moisture gradient on the assumption that the driving force for the diffusion of water in wood is the partial pressure of water vapour. An analytic expression is then developed for the activation energy of diffusion in terms of enthalpy and entropy changes associated with the sorption process. The expression is compared with another published curve and some similarity was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194464
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A geometric representation of the basic equation of sorption (1994)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 28 (1994), S. 185-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary When lines of constant moisture content (isosteres) are plotted on axes of In r (r, relative humidity) versus In ps (ps, pressure of water vapour at saturation), approximately straight lines result. Other axes with the same property are discussed. The slope of lines of constant Gibbs free energy of water vapour is derived for the above chart and it is shown that the basic equation of sorption is represented by this slope and that of the isostere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193326
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equilibrium moisture content and the movement of water through wood above fibre saturation (1995)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 29 (1995), S. 129-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The present work brings together the results of two previous studies on the diffusion coefficient and on capillary pressure, both above fibre saturation. The hypothesis making the data mutually consistent, is the constancy of the diffusion coefficient where capillary pressure is the driving force. Also given is an isotherm for wood which extends over the full range of moisture content, from dry to complete saturation. A further consequence of the work is the probability density function for capillary pressure with respect to water adsorbed and the corresponding distribution of capillary sizes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229342
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact analysis of shear strain in wood (1995)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 29 (1995), S. 201-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary An analysis is given which enables the shear strain in a piece of timber to be specified in terms of the difference between tangential and radial strain, herein termed the angular strain. The angular strain is then evaluated in terms of the orientation of two lines at right angles prior to deformation. The equations involved are simple and facilitate the evaluation of strain parameters which would otherwise require numerical computation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00204587
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