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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short and long-term changes in cerebral [14C]-2-deoxyglucose uptake in the MPTP-treated marmoset: relationship to locomotor activity (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 101 (1995), S. 65-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: [14C]-2DG uptake ; MPTP ; marmoset ; basal ganglia ; behavioural recovery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The “short-term” (0.7 ± 0.1 months post-MPTP) and “long-term” effects (36.7 ± 4.4 months) of MPTP treatment on motor behaviour and [14C]-2DG uptake were investigated in the common marmoset. The subcutaneous administration of MPTP greatly reduced locomotor activity (−94% with respect to controls) and induced motor disability in the “short-term” MPTP-treated marmoset group. In the “long-term” MPTP group, MPTP treatment did not significantly affect locomotor activity (−27% with respect to controls) and there was partial recovery of motor disability. In the “short-term” MPTP group, there were increases in [14C]-2DG uptake in the GP1 (+31 to +37%), SNc (+34 to +42%), VTA (+35%), LC (+23%), PPN (+19%) and in the VA (+19%), VL (+20%) and AM (+17%) thalamic nuclei. [14C]-2DG uptake was decreased in the STN (−15%). In the “long-term” MPTP group, [14C]-2DG uptake was increased in the GP1 (+18%), SNc (+27%), VTA (+25%), PPN (+19%), ventral caudate nucleus (+18 to +23%), NAc (+22%), F.Ctx (+18%) and in the VA (+34%), VL (+28%), AV (+33%) and AM (+24%) thalamic nuclei. [14C]-2DG uptake was unchanged in the STN. The increase in metabolic activity of the surviving DA neurones and/or the reactive gliosis may account for the initial increase in [14C]-2DG uptake in the SNc and VTA. On the other hand, in the “long-term” MPTP-treated animals the increase in [14C]-2DG uptake in the SNc (though less than in the “short-term” MPTP group), ventral caudate and NAc may reflect the regenerative changes in the dopaminergic system in these areas. Despite the behavioural recovery, [14C]-2DG uptake remained elevated in the target areas for medial paludal output (the thalamic nuclei and PPN). However, the attenuation of the changes in [14C]-2DG uptake in the GP1 and STN of “longterm” MPTP-treated marmosets suggest that the striato-GPl and GP1-STN outputs closely reflect motor function in this primate model of Parkinson's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01271546
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholinergic mechanisms in a simple test of olfactory learning in the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 99 (1989), S. 270-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Olfactory learning ; Rat ; Scopolamine ; Septal lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Male rats were tested in a simple olfactory habituation and discrimination paradigm. Untreated rats habituated their responses over three trials to one odour but were capable of recognising a novel odour presented on the fourth trial. Administration (SC) of either scopolamine or N-methylscopolamine before trials commenced produced a decrease in overall responding. Scopolamine, but not N-methylscopolamine, also blocked habituation to the first odour and recognition to the second, novel odour. Administration of scopolamine after trial 3 did not block the ability of the animals to respond differentially to a novel odour, although again overall levels of responding were decreased. Electrolytic lesions of the medial septal area increased overall levels of responding but lesioned animals still habituated their response over trials and were capable of recognising a novel odour. Therefore although cholinergic mechanisms appear to be involved in this type of learning, these effects are unlikely to be mediated via the septohippocampal system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442821
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of (R)-α-methylhistamine and scopolamine on spatial learning in the rat assessed using a water maze (1994)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 114 (1994), S. 651-656 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: (R)-α-Methylhistamine ; Scopolamine ; Histamine ; Cognition ; Water maze ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of (R)-α-methylhistamine ((R)-α-MeHA, a selective H3-receptor agonist) and scopolamine (SCOP, a muscarinic antagonist) were investigated on spatial learning and memory in the rat (Hooded Lister) using a water maze (WM). (R)-α-MeHA treatment (6.3 and 10 mg/kg IP) had no apparent effect on spatial learning but did result in enhanced spatial recall at the higher dose, assessed by a transfer (probe) test after training. In contrast, SCOP (0.5 mg/kg IP) induced a learning and memory deficit measured both during and after training. In animals treated with (R)-α-MeHA and SCOP, (R)-α-MeHA partially (6.3 mg/kg) and completely (10 mg/kg) reversed the SCOP-induced deficit during the training phase, while in the post-training transfer test, (R)-α-MeHA (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the SCOP-induced memory deficit. None of the treatments described resulted in impaired visual acuity as demonstrated by a raised platform test. These results are consistent with a role for histamine in cognitive processes and suggest a possible interaction between central histamine and cholinergic mechanisms associated with rodent spatial learning and memory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244997
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, RX77368, on AMPA-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats in an operant delayed non-matching to position test (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 127 (1996), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone ; RX77368 ; Alzheimer’s disease ; AMPA ; Septal-hippocampal ; Working memory ; Delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, RX77368, on performance of a working memory test, using a delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) procedure, in (RS)-α-amino-3-hydroxy- 5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats. Following a post-surgery recovery period, pretrained rats were tested once daily on DNMTP, 30 min post-administration of RX77368 (1.0 mg kg–1, IP) or saline. AMPA-induced lesions significantly reduced percent correct responses during the second week of testing. Comparison of percent correct responses between days 1 and 13 of testing showed that sham rats significantly improved DNMTP performance, whereas lesioned rats did not. RX77368 significantly reduced general locomotor activity in sham rats in activity boxes, but did not disrupt non-mnemonic measures, such as locomotion and motivation, in the DNMTP test. RX77368 increased percent correct responses in AMPA-lesioned rats on days 8–10 and 11–13. There was also a significant improvement in percent correct responses achieved between day 1 and 13 in RX77368-treated lesioned and sham rats. These results showed that: (i) septal-hippocampal lesioned rats did not improve over the testing period; and (ii) on test days when a significant impairment was present, RX77368 partially improved DNMTP performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050085
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, RX77368, on AMPA-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats in an operant delayed non-matching to position test (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 127 (1996), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone ; RX77368 ; Alzheimer's disease ; AMPA ; Septal-hippocampal ; Working memory ; Delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, RX77368, on performance of a working memory test, using a delayed non-matching to position (DNMTP) procedure, in (RS)-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-induced septal-hippocampal lesioned rats. Following a postsurgery recovery period, pretrained rats were tested once daily on DNMTP, 30 min post-administration of RX77368 (1.0 mg kg−1, IP) or saline. AMPA-induced lesions significantly reduced percent correct responses during the second week of testing. Comparison of percent correct responses between days 1 and 13 of testing showed that sham rats significantly improved DNMTP performance, whereas lesioned rats did not. RX77368 significantly reduced general locomotor activity in sham rats in activity boxes, but did not disrupt non-mnemonic measures, such as locomotion and motivation, in the DNMTP test. RX77368 increased percent correct responses in AMPA-lesioned rats on days 8–10 and 11–13. There was also a significant improvement in percent correct responses achieved between day 1 and 13 in RX77368-treated lesioned and sham rats. These results showed that: (i) septal-hippocampal lesioned rats did not improve over the testing period; and (ii) on test days when a significant impairment was present, RX77368 partially improved DNMTP performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246135
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On movement of water through wood — The diffusion coefficient (1993)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 27 (1993), S. 401-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary It is demonstrated that there can be only one driving potential for the movement of water through wood and this will be a function of wood state. On the assumption that the driving potential is the partial pressure of water vapour, a theoretical expression is derived for the diffusion coefficient. Such expression is fitted to diffusion coefficients for Scots pine and a remarkably good fit is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193862
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A geometric representation of the basic equation of sorption (1994)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 28 (1994), S. 185-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary When lines of constant moisture content (isosteres) are plotted on axes of In r (r, relative humidity) versus In ps (ps, pressure of water vapour at saturation), approximately straight lines result. Other axes with the same property are discussed. The slope of lines of constant Gibbs free energy of water vapour is derived for the above chart and it is shown that the basic equation of sorption is represented by this slope and that of the isostere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193326
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact analysis of shear strain in wood (1995)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 29 (1995), S. 201-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary An analysis is given which enables the shear strain in a piece of timber to be specified in terms of the difference between tangential and radial strain, herein termed the angular strain. The angular strain is then evaluated in terms of the orientation of two lines at right angles prior to deformation. The equations involved are simple and facilitate the evaluation of strain parameters which would otherwise require numerical computation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00204587
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corrigendum (1995)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 29 (1995), S. 430-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194200
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A complete theoretical isotherm for wood, based on capillary condensation (1996)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 30 (1996), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary A theoretical isotherm is derived for wood, based on the assumption that the cell wall capillaries remain saturated with liquid water over the entire hygroscopic range, the capillaries themselves shrinking in size to accommodate losses of moisture. The rigidity of the capillary wall is assumed to increase linearly with decrease in relative humidity. The resulting isotherm covers the complete hygroscopic range and is based entirely on capillary condensation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224964
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