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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved metabolic control, clinical periodontal status and subgingival microbiology in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 17 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of improved metabolic control on the clinical periodontal condition and the subgingival microflora of diseased and healthy periodontal pockets in 6 ambulatory insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients was prospectively studied. Duplicate measurements with a time-interval of 3 days were made every 4 moths for assessment of the metabolic status, the clinical periodontal condition and the subgingival microflora. During the study, patients maintained personal oral hygiene measures as they usually did before the study. Neither supplementary dental prophylaxis nor oral hygiene measures were applied during the investigation. Long-term metabolic control (HbA1c) improved significantly with intensive conventional insulin treatment. Gingival redness decreased significantly whereas gingival swelling showed a not significant trend to decrease. It is suggested that microvascular changes associated with improved metabolic control in diabetes mellitus may mediate the observed change in gingival redness. No effect could be demonstrated for probing pocket depth, probing attachment level, bleeding on probing and the plaque index. Statistical analysis of the effect of improved metabolic control on the subgingival microflora revealed that only the % of streptococci increased significantly in diseased periodontal pockets. In general, no significant changes were found in either healthy or diseased pockets with regard to the bacterial flora associated with periodontal disease. The results of the present study indicate that improved metabolic control in IDDM patients may have no potential impetus for an improved clinical periodontal condition nor on the subgingival bacterial flora. It is concluded that the periodontal condition in IDDM patients may only ameliorate when local oral hygiene measures are applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1990.tb00019.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental gingivitis during pregnancy and post-partum: clinical, endocrinological, and microbiological aspects (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 21 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess whether an intensive oral hygiene regimen practised during pregnancy results in a clinically healthy gingival state, and to assess whether experimentally-induced gingivitis differs in severity during pregnancy as compared to post-partum. In addition, levels of black-pigmented Gram negative anaerobes at subgingival and oral mucosal sites and plasma concentrations of free estrogens and prosterone were determined. These parameters were studied during a 14-day episode of experimental gingivitis induced in the 25th week of pregnancy, and again 6 months post-partum. The subjects were selected on shallow pockets ≤4 mm and interproximal loss of attachment not exceeding 2 mm. As a result of controlled oral hygiene, the gingival condition improved both during pregnancy and post-partum. At day 0 during pregnancy, however, gingival swelling, redness, and bleeding on probing were found to be higher than post-partum. Free plasma levels of estrogens and progesterone were found to be normal throughout the study. It was hypothesized that the increase in severity of gingival symptoms during pregnancy reflect microvascular physiologic effects of increased levels of these hormones. During pregnancy, more swelling, redness and bleeding on probing developed during experimental gingivitis than post-partum, whereas the amount of plaque was similar in both phases. This suggests that as a result of dental plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation develops superimposed on pregnancy-associated physiologic alterations. Microbiological evaluation showed that the mean proportions of Prevotella intermedia in subgingival plaque increased during experimental gingivitis performed during pregnancy, whereas no increase of this microorganism was found post-partum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb01172.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodontal condition and microbiology of healthy and diseased periodontal pockets in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 16 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAIC)values, 22 type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic adults were grouped into patients with near normal (HbAt1c≤7.7%) and Poor (HbAtc≥9.9%) metabolic control. A total of 44 subgingival sites were examined for Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, black-pigmented Bacteroides species and Capnocytophaga species. No significant difference could be demonstrated between patients in the 2 test groups with regard to periodontal condition. Neither age of diabetic patients nor duration of diabetes mellitus influenced the periodontal parameters. In both test groups, pocket depth of 4 mm or more (≥4 mm) was found to be significantly associated with increased swelling, bleeding after probing and amount of marginal plaque. Proportionally high %s of cultivable A. actinomycetemcomitans (mean 4.3%; range 2.8–5.8%), Bacteroides gingival (33.2% and 34.6%) and Bacteroides intermedius (mean 4.2%; range 0.001–13.5%) were isolated from diseased periodontal pockets. In diabetic patients with poor metabolic control, B. intermedius was isolated from diseased periodontal pockets with a mean % of 7.2%, range 0.3–12.5%. Independent of the degree of metabolic control, low %s of Capnocytophaga species were isolated from diseased and healthy periodontal pockets, mean 0.9% (range 0.003–3.9%) and mean 1.4% (range 0.04–4.9%), respectively. It was concluded from this study that metabolic control seems to have no direct effect on the periodontium. Furthermore, the role of Capnocytophaga species in the pathogenesis of infectious periodontal disease in type I diabetic patients seems to be overestimated. However, A. actinomycetemcomitans and blackpigmented Bacteroides species may be important pathogens in periodontal disease in type I diabetic patients, as they are known to be in non–diabetic periodontal patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01662.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plaque and systemic disease: a reappraisal of the focal infection concept (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The review presented here covers metastatic local and systemic disease secondary to the accumulation of plaque or the formation of other pathogenic microbial depots in the mouth. At least 3 pathways may link oral infection to secondary disease, to wit metastatic infection due to transient bacteremia, metastatic immunological injury, and metastatic toxic injury. The available evidence is presented and examples are provided. They concern among others such divergent diseases as acute bacterial myocarditis, infective endocarditis, brain abscess, uveitis and iridocyclitis, trigeminal and atypical facial neuralgia, unilateral facial paralysis, fever of ‘unknown’ origin, and neutrophil dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1984.tb02211.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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