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  • 1
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cell suspensions were adapted for growth in 12 µM dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile or DCB) by a stepwise increase in the concentration of the inhibitor in each subculture. Non-tolerant suspensions (I50 = 0.3 µM) gave rise to single cells or small clusters while tolerant cell suspensions (I50 = 30 µM) grown in DCB formed large clusters. The cells in these clusters were surrounded by a thick and irregular cell wall with a lamellate structure and lacking a differentiated middle lamella. Analysis of habituated cell walls by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and cell wall fractionation revealed: (1) a reduced amount of cellulose and hemicelluloses, mainly xyloglucan (2) qualitative and quantitative differences in pectin levels, and (3) a non-crystalline and soluble β-1,4-glucan. When tolerant cells were returned to medium lacking DCB, the size of the cell clusters was reduced; the middle lamella was only partly formed, and the composition of the cell wall gradually reverted to that obtained with non-tolerant cells. However, dehabituated cells (I50 = 12 µM) were 40-fold more tolerant to DCB than non-tolerant cells and were only 2.5-fold more sensitive than tolerant cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 86 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Glycanases associated with the cell walls of Pinus pinaster Aiton from Northern Spain (29QT638, altitude 1000 m) were extracted with 1 M LiCl solution, and their effect on the hemicellulosic polysaccharides from the same material was studied. The extracted proteins were able to increase the amount of reducing sugars and to decrease the viscosity of the hemicellulosic polysaccharides extracted with both 4 and 24% (w/v) KOH, suggesting the presence of exo- and endo-type glycanases. The extracted proteins released arabinose, galactose and xylose from both hemicellulosic polysaccharides, and caused an important depolymerization of xyloglucan. The results indicate that the changes in the hemicellulosic polysaccharides, i.e., xyloglucan depolymerization, found during cell elongation are caused by an enzymic system associated with the cell wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 89 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The occurrence, localization, and properties of xyloglucan in the cell walls of growing regions of Pinus pinaster hypocotyls have been studied. Xyloglucan was released from the cell wall with alkali solutions, the concentration increasing from 4 through 35%; KOH. In vitro experiments showed that xyloglucan and cellulose can interact, forming a macromolecular complex. Electron microscope observations showed that the cell wall material extracted with 35%; KOH, which contained some amount of xyloglucan, was enough to cover and join the cellulose microfibrils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The changes in the endogenous growth as well as in the cell wall composition were studied along the hypocotyl of Pinus pinaster Aiton. Cell elongation decreased as the distance from the cotyledonary node increased. Pectic polysaccharides underwent an important depolymerization accompanied by a decrease in their uronic acid content from the apical to basal region of the hypocotyl. Additionally, the molecular mass of pectic polysaccharides strongly decreased from the apical to the basal regions. Watersoluble hemicellulosic polysaccharides extracted with 4% KOH decreased notably from the cotyledonary node towards the base, while water-soluble polysaccharides extracted with 24% KOH showed few differences along the hypocotyl. The molecular mass of xyloglucan present in both hemicellulosic fractions was lower in the upper hypocotyl region as compared with the basal region. These findings are in agreement with an active xyloglucan depolymerization in the upper region as would be expected in a region exhibiting very active growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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