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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local inhibition of centripetal particle transport where LETS protein patterns appear on 3T3 cells (1977)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 266 (1977), S. 454-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If studied by the methods of indirect immunofluorescence, the distributions of LETS protein on the dorsal surface of fibro-blastic cells show intriguing aspects. The protein distribution patterns, or at least their antigenic availability, seem to originate from cell-cell contact areas9. Later on, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/266454a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Messung des Calcium-Einflusses auf die Strom-Spannungsbeziehung der erregbaren Membran am Ranvier-Knoten (1968)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 300 (1968), S. 23-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Electro-Physiology ; Ranvier-Node ; Stationary Current-Voltage Relation ; Calcium ; Elektrophysiologie ; Ranvierscher Schnürring ; Stationäre Strom-Spannungscharakteristik ; Calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Erhöht man die extracelluläre Calcium-Konzentration, so verschieben sich die Stromextrema der Strom-Spannungsbeziehung des Ranvier-Knotens nach Depolarisationsrichtung. Mit Hilfe einer Gleichung zur Darstellung der Kennlinien läßt sich diese Wirkung durch Änderung eines einzigen Parameters V Tγ beschreiben. Dieser gibt die Spannungslage des Abfalles einer Stufenfunktion wieder, die im Rahmen der Ionentheorie der Kaliumleitfähigkeitsvariablen n ∞ 4 (V) entspricht. Durch Erhöhung von [Ca··] a wird V Tγ nach Depolarisationsrichtung verschoben. Darüber hinaus konnte eine deutliche Abhängigkeit dieses Parameters von [K·] a festgestellt werden. Der Calcium-Einfluß auf das Membranpotential konnte als Konsequenz der Vt r −-Verschiebung interpretiert werden.
    Notes: Summary An increase of the extracellular calcium-concentration shifts the extreme current values of the current-voltage-relation of a Ranvier-node towards depolarization. This influence can be described by the change of one single parameter V Tγ of an equation representing the current-voltage-characteristic. V Tγ referres to the potential at which the s-shaped step-function of resistance change assumes the arithmetical mean of its limiting values. The step-function compares to the variable of potassium conductance n ∞ 4 (V). An increase of [Ca··] a shifts V Tγ towards depolarizing potentials. V Tγ is also found to depend on [K·] a . The influence of calcium on membrane potential is interpreted as a consequence of the observed shift of V Tγ .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380845
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verallgemeinerungen der Donnan-Verteilung und der Nernst-Planckschen Flußgleichungen im Rahmen der Thermodynamik irreversibler Prozesse (1968)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 4 (1968), S. 289-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unter den Annahmen fehlender chemischer Reaktionen und konstanter Temperatur in einem thermodynamischen System werden die Donnan-Verteilung und die Nernst-Planckschen Flußgleichungen vom Standpunkt der Thermodynamik irreversibler Prozesse verallgemeinert. Dabei zeigt sich, daß bei Abweichung vom thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht die Verteilung von Teilchen an einer Phasengrenze auch im Sinne einer Aufstauung oder Wegführung von Teilchen von den Flüssen beeinflußt wird, welche durch die Grenzfläche fließen. Die Verallgemeinerung der Nernst-Planckschen Flußgleichungen besteht in der Definition einer effektiven treibenden Kraft, einer Linearkombination aus treibender Kraft und sämtlichen Flüssen. Eine äquivalente Form dieser Flußgleichungen gibt die Verallgemeinerung des von Teorell (1959) vorgeschlagenen Zusatztermes an. Dieser Term beschreibt die Mitführung der betrachteten Teilchensorte durch die Flüsse der übrigen Teilchen des Systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01195039
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term observation of cultured cells by interference-reflection microscopy: Near-infrared illumination and Y-contrast image processing (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 13 (1989), S. 94-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cell adhesion ; cell motility ; near infrared light ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Interference-reflection microscopy (IRM) is the only method presently available with which to visualize cell-substratum adhesions in living tissue culture cells continuously for long periods of time without the use of fluorescent markers (Curtis: J. Cell Biol. 20:199-215, 1964; Izzard and Lochner: J. Cell Sci. 21:129-159, 1976). This method utilizes approximately 1% of the incident illumination to produce the IRM image (Verschueren: J. Cell Sci. 75:279-301, 1985) and so far has required the use of high-intensity light sources in the visible spectral range (400-800 nm). Unfortunately, visible light of this intensity and spectral range induces marked changes in the behavior and morphology of motile fibroblasts, including cessation of locomotion. In contrast, the present paper reports that continuous observations of live cells in IRM for periods of up to 8 hours are possible if the illuminating light is in the red to near-infrared range (650-950 nm) and without any observable change in normal cell morphology or behavior. In addition, we describe how the technique of Y-contrast image processing can be applied to IRM images to create a three-dimensional image of the ventral cell surface topography.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970130204
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What structures, besides adhesions, prevent spread cells from rounding up? (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 13 (1989), S. 195-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cell shape ; cortical actin ; stress fibers ; microfilament bundles ; cell adhesion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The outline of cells in sparse cultures consists prediminantly of concave and convex segments; straight segments are rare and ephemeral. The convex segments are areas of active cell expansion. The concave segments are stationary and web-shaped, similar in profile to the cables of a suspension bridge. In 3T3 fibroblasts, we have found a single microfilament bundle following the outline of every webbed edge and have called it the actin edge-bundle (AEB). While the AEB is composed predominantly of actin, α-actinin and myosin are also present. In contrast to normal stress fibers, AEBs are more resistant to several treatments that depolymerize F-actin. Once an AEB disassembles, however, the webbed edge collapses and retracts, suggesting that the actin edge-bundle is a specialized cytoskeletal structure that supports the webbed edges of interphase 3T3 fibroblasts. The stability of AEBs is independent of microtubules. We suggest that the microfilament bundles that frequently line the lateral contacts between epithelial cells in vivo may be related to the actin edge-bundle.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970130307
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The iris diaphragm model of centriole and basal body formation (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 17 (1990), S. 197-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cell organelles ; MTOC ; development ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This paper suggests that the formation and structure of the microtubular skeleton of centrioles and basal bodies can be derived from the following simple geometric principle. A closed ring of nine microtubular initiation sites defines (1) a template for the packing of 18 additional microtubular initiation sites, and (2) the shape of nine rigid arms. Upon swivelling of each arm around a point located four initiation sites away on the initial ring, the array unfolds in a manner similar to the opening of an iris diaphragm.As a consequence, the curved shape of the microtubular triplet blades arises together with the clockwise rotational sense of the slanted blades of the centriole or basal body. The final diameter of the centriole (basal body) self-adjusts. Furthermore, the pitch of the triplet blades, the taper of centrioles and basal bodies, and the change of slant of the blades towards the distal end can be derived. In addition, the model points to a method of replication of pro-centrioles (pro-basal bodies). The hypothesis was tested by the fitting of electron microscopical cross sections of centrioles of 3T3 cells to the geometric shapes predicted by the model.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970170307
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular infrared detector appears to be contained in the centrosome (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 27 (1994), S. 262-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: 3T3 cells ; cell motility ; infrared ; phototaxis ; centrosome ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous experiments have suggested that 3T3 cells were able to extend pseudopodia toward latex particles up to 60 μm away from the cell body if the particles were irradiated by an infrared beam in the range of 700-900 nm [Albrecht-Buehler, 1991: J. Cell Biol. 114:493-502]. The present article reports that this response of cells to infrared light can be inhibited if the cell center is simultaneously irradiated with a beam of the same light. In marked contrast, the cells responded normally to the presence of infrared light scattering particles if the second beam irradiated other parts of the cell body. The results imply that the cellular mechanism of infrared detection is located at the cell center. The infrared sensing mechanism remains intact in enucleated cells and in cells which were incubated in monensin to vesiculate their Golgi apparatus and inhibit their Golgi functions. Accordingly, it is proposed that the centrosome which contains the centrioles is the only remaining candidate in the cell center for a cellular detection device for the direction of infrared signal sources. The results support an earlier suggestion that centrioles may be such detection devices [Albrecht-Buehler, 1981: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 1:237-245]. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970270307
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes of cell behavior by near-infrared signals (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 32 (1995), S. 299-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: 3T3 cells ; CV1 cells ; cell motility ; infrared ; photobiology ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: 3T3 mouse fibroblasts responded differently to specific near-infered signals than epithelial CV1 cell. Furthermore, signals with the same wavelength and energy changed the percentages of attracted and repelled 3T3 cells if their intensity modulation was altered. I found this result in a 22 month long study which established a spectrum of motile responses of 781 individual 3T3 cells and 148 CV1 cells to the near-infrared emissions of microscopic, pulsating light sources using the infrared spot-irradiation phase-contrast (IRSIP) microscopic [Albrecht-Buehler, 1991: J. Cell Biol. 114:493-502]. Thus the response of cultured, mammalian cells to near-infrared light signals is not merely a matter of total energy absorption by cirtain cytoplasmic componets. Since it seems to depend on the cell type and the temporal pattern in which the light energy is emitted, it appears to imply the existence of a new kind of cellular information. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970320406
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does the geometric design of centrioles imply their function? (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 1 (1981), S. 237-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: centrioles ; symmetry ; triplet blades ; thermal fluctuations ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The paper suggests several principles of construction of a microscopically small device for locating the directions of signal sources in microscopic dimensions. It appears that the simplest and smallest device that is compatible with the scrambling influence of thermal fluctuations as are demonstrated by Brownian motion is a pair of cylinders oriented at right angles to each other. Nine equally spaced blades run in a pitched fashion along the mantle of each cylinder. The blades have a concave cross-section and bend around the circumference of the cylinder in a certain rotational pattern. Considering the striking similarity of this hypothetical device with centrioles, the paper puts forward the conjecture that centrioles locate the direction of hypothetical signals inside cells.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970010206
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of cortical tension in fibroblast shape and movement (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 7 (1987), S. 54-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: 3T3 cells ; micromanipulation ; cell shape ; retraction ; cytochalasin B ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In order to analyze the cellular mechanism of shape formation, the shape of individual 3T3 cells was perturbed by micromanipulation resulting in the detachment and relaxation of a cellular extension and the bending of the extension to form an “elbow” at a variable angle β. Finally, the tip of the extension was allowed to reattach to the substrate away from the cell.The cells reacted by drawing the extension tight. If β 〈 90°, the elbow moved laterally for 8-15 min until the extension projected orthogonally at the cell surface. If β ≥90°, the extension remained stationary, Finally, in all cases webs formed between attachment points in the perturbed area. If the tip of the extension was allowed to touch its own cell body, thus forming a loop, the cells invariably closed the loop.The paper interprets the cellular reaction as the result of cortical tension and suggests that it is a major factor in the formation of fibroblast shape and the expressions of fibroblast motility.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970070108
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