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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 397 (1982), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Oestrogen receptors ; Human breast cancer ; Histopathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Histopathological factors which might explain inconsistency in published data attempting to correlate oestrogen receptor content (ER) and pathological features in primary breast tumours have been investigated in 194 cases. It was found, that unequal assessment of tumour type and of histological grading between observers is one important factor. In terms of grading, however, heterogeneity of growth pattern within the same tumour seems to be of greater significance. No significant correlation was found between histological type of tumour and ER content. However, a trend towards a correlation between the extent of tubule formation (as an indication of differentiation) and ER content was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le rôle du traitement anti-oestrogénique du cancer du sein opéré après la ménopause chez les malades à hauts risques de récidive a été soumis à une étude prospective randomisée sur le plan national par le groupe Danois d'Etude du Cancer du Sein. Cette étude comporte d'une part 829 malades qui après mastectomie totale et radiothérapie postopératoire ont été traitées par le tamoxifen (RT + TAM) pendant un an et d'autre part 821 malades qui n'ont pas été soumises à un traitement complémentaire (RT). L'absence de récidive après 3 ans a été de 44% dans le premier groupe et de 40% dans le second. Dans les deux groupes le taux de la survie à 5 ans a été de 51% (p=0.53). Le pronostic basé sur les données rassemblées a été étudié en fonction de plusieurs facteurs: âge, degré d'anaplasie, volume de la tumeur, envahissement ganglionnaire. Le taux d'absence de récidive à 3 ans a été plus bas chez les malades traitées par l'association radiothérapie et tamoxifen mais il n'a de valeur significative que chez les malades âgées de 50 à 59 ans, présentant des tumeurs dont l'anaplasie est de stade I, le volume est inférieur à 5 cm et l'envahissement concerne 4 ganglions ou plus. La concentration oestrogénique a été dosée chez 291 de ces malades. La limite de 10 fmol/mg cytosol protéine et l'emploi du modèle des risques proportionnels Cox ont permis la distinction entre malades à hauts risques de récidive à 3 ans et les autres. Les malades dont le pouvoir récepteur oestrogénique est inférieur à 100 fmol/mg ne tirent aucun bénéfice du traitement endocrinien contrairement à ceux dont le pouvoir est supérieur. Le pouvoir récepteur progestéronique a été étudié chez 12% des malades. Celles qui ont un pouvoir positif ont un taux de récidive moins élevé quand elles sont traitées par RT + TAM par rapport à celles qui sont traitées seulement par RT (p=0.017).
    Abstract: Resumen La evaluación del valor del tratamiento antiestrógeno en pacientes postmenopáusicas con cáncer de seno con alto riesgo de enfermedad recurrente fue realizada en un ensayo nacional prospectivo y aleatorizado conducido por el Grupo Danés de Cáncer de Seno. Después de haber sido sometidas a mastectomía total y radioterapia postoperatoria, 829 pacientes fueron asignadas en forma aleatoria a tratamiento con Tamoxifén (RT + TAM) por 1 año, y 821 no recibieron tratamiento adicional (RT). La sobrevida libre de recurrencia (SLR) a los 72 meses es de 44% en el grupo RT + TAM, y de 40% en el grupo RT (p=0.003). La supervivencia global es de 51% en ambos grupos (p =0.53). Los datos han sido analizados con respecto a factores de pronóstico, incluyendo edad, grado de anaplasia, tamańo del tumor y ganglios positivos. La SLR es mayor en los subgrupos de pacientes tratadas con RT + TAM, pero es de significación sólo en los grupos de edad entre 50 y 59 años con tumores de anaplasia grado I, de tamaño menor de 5 cm y con 4 o más ganglios linfáticos positivos. Aún cuando se presentaron menos metastasis locales y distantes en las pacientes tratadas con RT + TAM, no se logró un aumento en la supervivencia global y aún en aquellos subgrupos de pacientes con las más significativas prolongaciones de la SLR no se pudo demostrar aumento de la supervivencia. La concentración de receptores de estrógeno fue medida en un subgrupo de 291 de las pacientes. Un límite bajo de 10 fmol/mg de proteína citosólica, distingue a las pacientes con prolongada SLR de aquellas con enfermedad recurrente temprana. Las pacientes con contenidos de receptores de estrógenos por debajo de 100 fmol/mg no derivaron beneficio de la terapia endocrina mientras aquellas con concentraciones superiores a 100 fmol/mg exhibieron una SLR significativamente más prolongada. Determinaciones de receptores de progesterona fueron realizadas en el 12% de las pacientes. Las pacientes con receptores de progesterona positivos tuvieron una menor tasa de recurrencia con el regimen RT + TAM que las pacientes con receptores de progesterona positivos manejadas con RT solamente (p=0.017). En conclusión, la terapia adyuvante con TAM aumenta la SLR en pacientes postmenopáusicas con cáncer mamario de alto riesgo. La eficacia está significativamente correlacionada con la edad de las pacientes y con ciertas características histopatológicas y bioquímicas de los tumores. El valor pronóstico de las determinaciones de RE se logra al emplear un límite bajo en la positividad RE el cual esencialmente sirve para distinguir los tumores RE negativos de los RE positivos. El valor de predicción de las determinaciones de RE y de RPg en cuanto al efecto de la terapia adyuvante parece depender sólo de las concentraciones de RE y RPg en el tejido tumoral, puesto que las más bajas tasas de recurrencia se presentan en pacientes con las más altas concentraciones.
    Notes: Abstract The role of anti-estrogen treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer patients with high risk of recurrent disease is evaluated in a nationwide, prospective, randomized trial conducted by the Danish Breast Cancer Group. After total mastectomy and postoperative radiotherapy, 829 patients were randomized to treatment with tamoxifen (RT + TAM) for 1 year and 821 were randomized to no further therapy (RT). The recurrence-free survival (RFS) after 72 months of life-table analysis is 44% in the RT + TAM treated group, and 40% in the RT group (p=0.0003). Survival is 51% in both treatment groups (p=0.53). The data have been further analyzed with respect to prognostic factors such as age, degree of anaplasia, tumor size, and positive nodes. The RFS is lower in all subsets of patients treated with RT + TAM, but is only significant in patients 50–59 years of age, with tumors of anaplasia grade I, with tumors less than 5 cm, or with 4 or more positive lymph nodes. Estrogen receptor concentrations were measured in a subset of 291 of these patients. A cut-off limit of 10 fmol/mg cytosol protein and the use of a Cox proportional hazards model distinguished between patients with long RFS and those with early recurrent disease. Patients with an estrogen receptor content below 100 fmol/mg did not benefit from the endocrine therapy, while those with concentrations above 100 fmol/mg had a significantly longer RFS. Progesterone receptor determinations were performed in 12% of the patients. Progesterone receptor-positive patients had a lower rate of recurrence when treated with RT + TAM compared to the receptor-positive patients in the RT group (p=0.017).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: In situ breast carcinoma ; Axillary lymph nodes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Axillary lymph nodes in 184 female autopsy cases were studied using morphological criteria. Special attention was paid to the morphology in 34 women with in situ breast carcinoma (in situ BC) compared to the remaining women without malignant breast lesions, who served as controls. Sinus histiocytosis (SH) and diffuse cortical hyperplasia (DCH) were significantly more frequent among women with in situ BC compared to controls. No significant association was found between unilateral in situ BC and these lymph node patterns on the contralateral side. Germinal center and follicular hyperplasia (GCH/FH), lymphocyte depletion (LD), fibrosis, hyalinization, calcifications and lipomatosis were not associated with in situ BC. The results indicate that in situ BC provokes reactive morphological changes of the regional axillary lymph nodes similar to the changes associated with a good prognosis in women with invasive breast cancer (IBC).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: cytogenetic abnormalities ; hereditary breast cancer ; prophylactic mastectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Short-term cultures of tissue samples from three bilateral prophylactic mastectomies and onein situ ductal carcinoma from four women belonging to a family with hereditary breast cancer were cytogenetically analyzed. Clonal chromosome abnormalities were detected in five of the six prophylactically removed breasts, all of which had the histologic diagnosis epithelial hyperplasia without atypia, and in thein situ carcinoma. The same karyotypic imbalance, a loss of 3p12–14, was detected in thein situ carcinoma as well as in one of the hyperplasias, indicating that these bands may harbor a pathogenetically relevant gene in this breast cancer family. The finding of chromosome aberrations in clonal proportions in the prophylactically removed breasts indicates that a neoplastic process was already present, lending support to the view that prophylactic bilateral mastectomy in these high-risk individuals prevented the development of breast carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast ; carcinoma in situ ; DNA ploidy ; histopathology ; immunohistochemistry ; invasive carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a consecutive and unselected series of 178 cases of carcinoma in situ of the breast (CIS), comprising both ductal (DCIS) and lobular type (LCIS), and a series of 48 cases of invasive carcinoma (IC) with predominance of DCIS, the association between histopathology, immunohistochemical markers (ER, PgR, MIB-1, c-erbB-2, and p53), and DNA ploidy was investigated, in order to discriminate biologically different groups. In DCIS, significant correlation was shown between large nuclear size and comedonecrosis, both of which showed also strong association to DNA aneuploidy, high proliferation activity, low steroid receptor content, and overexpression of c-erbB-2 and p53 – factors that may indicate an aggressive behavior. Small nuclear CIS, whether LCIS or DCIS, on the contrary, were DNA diploid with low proliferation, and no cases showed overexpression of c-erbB-2 and p53. Heterogeneity with respect to the investigated parameters was also a frequent finding that may reflect a development complexity. In IC, comparison of the DCIS and the invasive component showed similar patterns. No significant differences were shown between DCIS without and with invasion. This may indicate that none of the investigated parameters on its own are essential for the event of invasion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast ; breast conservation surgery ; carcinoma in situ ; prognostic factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a Danish nationwide prospective study of in situ carcinoma of the breast, a total of 275 women, treated with excision alone, were registered from 1982 to 1989. The series included 142 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), 100 cases of lobular carcinoma situ (LCIS), 26 cases of DCIS+LCIS, and seven cases of atypical hyperplasia (AH). Within a median follow-up of 120 months, a crude recurrence rate of 28% (76 cases) was found, of which 53% (40 cases) recurred as invasive carcinomas (IC) and 47% (36 cases) as CIS. CIS recurrences appeared after median 18 months, compared to median 42 months for IC recurrences. No statistical difference was found with respect to development of IC between the three groups of DCIS, DCIS+LCIS, and LCIS. The majority of recurrences were ipsilateral, also for LCIS. Forty four of 49 recurrences following DCIS, and seven of nine recurrences following DCIS+LCIS occurred as local recurrences. Histopathologically, in DCIS a strong association was found between large nuclear size and comedonecrosis. Univariate analysis showed a significant association to recurrence for nuclear size, comedonecrosis, and size of the original lesion. Multivariate analysis showed that only comedonecrosis and size of lesion were independent predictors of recurrence, however, specimen margins were not included in the analysis, as this parameter could not be adequately evaluated in the present series. Nuclear size of original DCIS lesion was related to histologic grade of the IC recurrence. The recurrence rate for DCIS of small nuclear size increased from 6% at five years of follow-up to 16% at 10 years, possibly due to a slower growth rate and a continued but delayed risk. Similarities were found between LCIS and DCIS of small nuclear size, both showing a continued risk and comparable rate of recurrence. Further, progression of IC to similar, highly differentiated type was seen, indicating a linkage between biological behavior of the two histological types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; estrogen receptor ; progesterone receptor ; risk factors ; tamoxifen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of antiestrogen treatment in high risk postmenopausal patients with primary breast cancer is currently evaluated in a nationwide, prospective randomized trial conducted by the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. The primary treatment is total mastectomy and radiotherapy. As of February 1, 1982, 720 women were randomized to treatment with tamoxifen (30 mg daily for 1 year) and 691 women were randomized to no further therapy. Life-table analysis after 36 months shows a difference in recurrence rates of 9% (p = 0.19) in favor of the tamoxifen-treated patients. The material has been analyzed with respect to established prognostic factors such as age, degree of anaplasia, tumor size, and number of positive nodes. The rates of recurrent disease are lower in all subsets of patients treated with tamoxifen, but are only statistically significant in patients 50–59 years of age or with 4 or more positive lymph nodes. Regardless of treatment, ER negative patients have a 23% higher recurrence rate than ER positive patients after 18 months of analysis (p = 0.0033); this represents an approximate doubling of risk, and is independent of age, degree of anaplasia, tumor size, or lymph node status. With regard to PgR status, there is 11% higher recurrence rate in the PgR negative than in the PgR positive patients (p = 0.097).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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