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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Holocene coastal aeolian system, Vejers, Denmark: landscape evolution and sequence stratigraphy (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Terra nova 13 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3121
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Stratigraphical studies of Holocene aeolian strata formed at the inner margin of the Vejers dunefield on the west coast of Jutland have contributed to an understanding of aeolian landscape evolution in a storm-influenced temperate climate belt. The aeolian system was characterized by alternating periods of activity and stabilization. Intense inland sand transport occurred just after 4000 BC, 2300 BC, 600 BC and AD 300–500. Periods of sand movement were apparently initiated during climatic shifts towards more stormy conditions, and they may be linked to a millennial-scale cycle in North Atlantic Holocene climate. Preservation of the accumulated aeolian sand records a long-term rise in ground-water level. Water table behaviour was initially controlled by sea level, but after about 2300 BC water table rise was linked to coastal outbuilding and to an overall change towards a more humid climate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3121.2001.00330.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of thiopentone (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 37 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The induction doses of thiopentone in eight elderly male patients (60–80 years) were significantly lower (p 〈 0.01) than in eight young male patients (ranges 3.09–5.06 mg/kg body weight in the elderly and 4.88–8.11 mg/kg in the young). The sleep concentrations in venous as well as in arterial blood did not differ between the two groups. In the elderly the arterial concentrations were significantly higher than the venous (p 〈 0.05). A three compartment open model was used to describe the disappearance of the drug from the venous blood. Significant increases were found in V3(means 145.9 and 51.2 litres) and in T½β(means 781 and427 minutes) in the elderly. The redistribution rate constant, K1,2, was decreased in the elderly (p 〈 0.05). By impedance cardiography 5 minutes after sleep mean percentages of the pre-induction value of cardiac output were 94.6% in the young and 87.0% in the elderly (p 〈 0.05). In the young a correlation was found between cardiac output and induction dose, (r =0.85, p 〈 0.01).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1982.tb01148.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enamel-dentin crown fractures bonded with various bonding agents (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 7 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method is described, by which the fracture strength of bonded, previously fractured incisors can be measured. The study employed incisors from sheep, which could be obtained in suitable numbers and with limited variation in size. The incisors were fractured parallel to the incisal edge. The mean fracture area + SD of central incisors was 8.45 ± 0.89 mm2 and of lateral incisors 6.50 ± 0.64 mm2. The enamel area constituted about 30% of the total fracture area. Acid etching of the enamel and bonding of the fractures with an unfilled resin yielded a fracture strength, which was approximately 38% of the fracture strength of fractured teeth restored with acid etching of enamel, Gluma treatment of dentin and bonding with the unfilled resin. Teeth restored in this way, but using the dentin bonding agent Tenure or Scotchbond2 instead of Gluma, exhibited mean fracture strengths which were not significantly different from that obtained when Gluma was employed as the bonding agent. The mean fracture strength by using one of the three bonding agents in combination with acid etching of enamel was about 8 MPa, which is approximately 50% of the fracture strength of intact teeth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1991.tb00188.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reinforcement of bonded crown fractured incisors with porcelain veneers (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 7 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method is described by which porcelain laminate veneers are used to reinforce crown-fractured incisors which have been restored by reattachment of enamel-dentin fragments using enamel etching and a dentin bonding system. In an experimental model using sheep incisors, it was found that fracture strength equal to that of intact incisors could be achieved by employing this method. This is in contrast to fracture strengths of reattached enamel-dentin tooth fragments without porcelain laminates which were only 50% of intact incisors. It is suggested that porcelain laminate veneers may be used to supplement fragment bonding, thereby enhancing dental esthetics and function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1991.tb00189.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bonding of enamel-dentin crown fragments after crown fracture. An experimental study using bonding agents (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 9 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous experimental studies into the use of dentin bonding agents for reattachment of enamel-dentin crown fragments have demonstrated fracture strength about 50–60% of that of intact teeth. In the clinic this has been reflected in the frequent need of repeated bonding of the treated incisors due to refracture. Recently newer bonding agents have been developed which can bond equally well with enamel and dentin. Employing the same experimental model, these bonding agents (All-Bond 2, Scotchbond MP) were used to reattach crown fragments to the remaining portion of sheep incisors. Loading of teeth bonded with these agents in an Instron testing machine at a speed of 1 mm/min demonstrated similar fracture strengths as those previously achieved with Gluma, Scotchbond 2 or Tenure. A second study was carried out whereby fragments were bonded with Scotchbond MP and loaded at various speeds. The results demonstrated that the fracture strength decreased exponentially with increased loading speed. By extrapolation, it was concluded that the strength was nil at a loading speed of approximately 2 m/min. It was concluded that the weak link in the bond between tooth fragment and remaining tooth structure is the bonding resin. Theoretically, a resin which is slightly elastic might act as a shock absorber to withstand functional stress. However, studies carried out with resins of varying moduli of elasticity gave disappointing results probably due to their low flexural strength. It is concluded on basis of previous and present results that reattachment with a bonding resin of the enamel dentin crown fragment after crown fracture is a realistic alternative to composite resin build-up although only half the strength of intact teeth is achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1993.tb00261.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Healing of 400 intra-alveolar root fractures. 2. Effect of treatment factors such as treatment delay, repositioning, splinting type and period and antibiotics (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Dental traumatology 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract –  This is the second part of a retrospective study of 400 root-fractured permanent incisors. In this article, the effect of various treatment procedures is analyzed. Treatment delay, i.e. treatment later than 24 h after injury, did not change the root fracture healing pattern, healing with hard tissue between fragments (HH1), interposition of bone and/or periodontal ligament (PDL) or pulp necrosis (NEC). When initial displacement did not exceed 1 mm, optimal repositioning appeared to significantly enhance both the likelihood of pulpal healing and hard tissue repair (HH1). Significant differences in healing were found among the different splinting techniques. The lowest frequency of healing was found with cap splints and the highest with fiberglass or Kevlar® splints. The latter splinting procedure showed almost the same healing result as non-splinting. Comparison between non-splinting and splinting for non-displaced teeth was found to reveal no benefit from splinting. With respect to root fractures with displacement, too few cases were available for analysis. No beneficial effect of splinting periods greater than 4 weeks could be demonstrated. The administration of antibiotics had the paradoxical effect of promoting both HH1 and NEC. No explanation could be found. It was concluded that, optimal repositioning seems to favor healing. Furthermore, the chosen splinting method appears to be related to healing of root fractures, with a preference to pulp healing and healing fusion of fragments to a certain flexibility of the splint and possibly also non-traumatogenic splint application. Splinting for more than 4 weeks was not found to influence the healing pattern. A certain treatment delay (a few days) appears not to result in inferior healing. The role of antibiotics upon fracture healing is questionable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.2004.00278.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damage of the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath: effect upon root growth after autotransplantation of teeth in monkeys (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 4 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of damage to the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) during autotransplantation was examined in 12 green vervet monkeys. During the transplantation of permanent incisor tooth germs, either one-half or the entire root sheath was amputated or a contusion injury made to the root sheath. Transplanted incisors served as controls, where attempts were made not to injure the HERS. After an observation period of 9 months, a histologic examination of the transplanted teeth was performed. This examination showed variations in root growth among the various experimental groups. Thus, arrested root formation with ingrowth of bone from the base of the socket was the normal finding in the groups where either the entire HERS was amputated or contused. The group with partial amputation of HERS showed formation of a new but diminutive root. The control group showed teeth with normal root formation. The development of pulp necrosis usually led to complete or almost complete arrest of root formation irrespective of group. The present study indicated that the HERS can function normally subsequent to trauma elicited by surgical separation of the follicle and the post-transplantation disturbances in nutrition. Furthermore, a regenerative potential appeared to exist in this structure, even if just a fraction of it was left intact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1988.tb00313.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antroduodenal motility and gastric emptying. Gastroduodenal motility and pH following ingestion of paracetamol (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The influence of paracetamol on antroduodenal motility and gastric pH was studied in 11 healthy subjects and the relationship between gastroduodenal motility and gastric emptying rate time, tmax, to peak concentration of serum paracetamol, Cmax, was evaluated. The incidence of antral phase III activity and the duration of phase III was diminished with paracetamol (P 〈 0.05). The other motility parameters assessed were unchanged.Three patterns of motility and absorption were observed. One group (n= 5) were fast absorbers with a tmax of 1 h and a motility pattern characterized by antral activity, a high motility index and a short duration of phase II (33–60 min); the phase IIIs were complete except in one case. The second group (n= 4) had tmax at 1.5 h and their phase II motility was characterized by a longer duration (80–133 min) (P 〈 0.05), by antral activity, and by a high motility index; their phase IIIs were all incomplete. The last group (n= 2) were slow absorbers: Cmax was not reached in the investigation period, no antral contractions were seen, and the motility index was low. The area under the serum-concentration curve of paracetamol differed between the groups at 90 and 180 min (P 〉 0.01).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00194.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiographic assessment of simulated root resorption cavities (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 3 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A study into the sensitivity and accuracy of a standardized radiographic technique for the disclosure of root resorption cavities was performed in a cadaver material. Film contrast and horizontal angulation were varied in order to identify factors in radiographic exposure which resulted in the greatest diagnostic reliability. In an autopsy material of 5 jaw blocks containing both mandibular premolars, “small, medium and large” cavities simulating root resorptions of 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 mm in diameter and 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 mm in depth, respectively, were drilled at the cervical, middle and apical thirds of the proximal and oral root surfaces of the premolars. Cavity locations were distributed to ensure an equal number of locations with and without cavities and an equal number of cavities of each size. Results of the investigation indicated that the small cavities were never visualized, nor were 6 out of 13 medium cavities nor 1 out of 13 large cavities; that cavities located proximally were more readily seen than those located orally and that there was no clif Terence in cavity visualization between cavities on the apical, middle or cervical thirds of the roots; high density (contrast) films allowed the best cavity visualization. Finally, radiographs from the time of injury (i.e. preresorption radiographs) as well as radiographs taken at various horizontal angulations were found to be of importance in order to increase the possibility of cavity visualization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1987.tb00167.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Dental traumatology 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0595
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract 400 avulsed and replanted permanent teeth were examined for periodontal ligament (PDL) healing, using standardized radiographic and clinical examination procedures (i.e. percussion test and mobility test). The effect of various clinical factors was examined, such as age and sex of the patient, type of tooth replanted, presence of crown fracture or bone fracture, stage of root development (including apical diameter and length of the pulp), type and length of extra-alveolar storage, clinical contamination of the root surface, type of root surface cleansing procedure, type and length of splinting period and antibiotic therapy. Surface resorption was generally diagnosed after 12 months; while inflammatory resorption and replacement resorption (ankylosis) were usually observed after 1 month and 12 months respectively. Most resorptive processes were diagnosed within the first 2–3 years. However, although rarely, even after 5 and 10 years new resorptive processes could be diagnosed. A univariate statistical analysis of 272 teeth revealed 9 factors significantly related to PDL healing. A subsequent multivariate analysis revealed that the following 4 factors had the strongest impact upon PDL healing, in descending order of significance: Stage of root development; length of the dry extra-alveolar storage period; immediate replantation and length of the wet period (saliva or saline storage). Nonphysiological storage, such as homemade saline and sterilizing solutions (chloramine and alcohol) always led to root resorption. Storage in tap water for more than 20 minutes usually led to root resorption. The common denominator for all these factors related to PDL healing appears to be survival of the PDL cells along the root surface. Based on these findings, immediate replantation is recommended irrespective of stage of root development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1995.tb00464.x
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