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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant cell tumor of bone (1977)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 376 (1977), S. 273-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumor ; Ultrastructure ; Bone tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We describe here the ultrastructure of the multinucleated giant cells and the mononuclear stromal cells in one case of giant cell tumor of bone. The most frequently occurring stromal cell (“stromal cell type 1”) was of fibroblast-like appearance with an irregular outline of both cells and nuclei. Characteristic features of the cytoplasm were the abundance of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and the well developed Golgi apparatus; particulate glycogen was present in the ground cytoplasm of some cells. A second stromal cell type (“stromal cell type 2”) was also recognized, albeit more infrequently. It was macrophage-like with many mitochondria and lysosomes, but with a poorly developed endoplasmic reticulum. The composition of the fixative was found to influence considerably the appearance of the multinucleated giant cells, especially of their endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi-associated structures. Vacuolar elements with taillike expansions were frequently observed in the vicinity of the Golgi apparatus; their functional significance and relationship to the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum is enigmatic. Bodies with the appearance of conventional lysosomes occurred in limited numbers — while mitochondria were abundant. The structural organization and distribution of the endoplasmic reticulum varied between different regions of the cells. Nuclei were of irregular shape with deep infoldings of their limiting membranes and peripheral condensation of the chromatin. The possible nature of mononuclear cells in the neoplastic process is discussed. The morphologic evidence favors the conclusion that the fibroblast like stromal cell is neoplastic; convincing neoplastic properties are lacking for the type 2 cells. Although similarities exist between multinucleated giant cells and osteoclasts, distinct differences between the two cell types were noted. The origin, function and possible neoplastic nature of the giant cells is discussed on the basis of the findings presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432299
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant giant cell tumor of bone (1978)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 379 (1978), S. 185-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumor ; Ultrastructure ; Acid phosphatase ; Lysosomes ; Bone tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the different cell types constituting a primary malignant giant cell tumor of bone has been studied and the localization of acid phosphatase in relation to the subcellular organelles been demonstrated. Three distinct cell types with characteristic ultrastructural features were observed: giant cells, fibroblast-like cells, and cells with abundant lipid inclusions and mitochondria. Certain differences were noted between these three cell types and their counterparts in benign giant cell tumors of bone (described in a separate report). The enzyme histochemical and morphological data suggested that the giant cells in the malignant tumor might possess a more active and expansive lysosomal apparatus than corresponding cells in the benign variant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432635
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant cell tumor of bone (1979)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 381 (1979), S. 159-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumor ; Ultrastructure ; Acid phosphatase ; Lysosomes ; Bone tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eleven benign giant cell tumors of bone were studied in the electron microscope, and the fine structural localization of acid phosphatase was elucidated. Three distinct cell types are always present in these tumors: stromal cells type 1; stromal cells type 2; and multinucleated giant cells. Small mononuclear cells may also occur, but are not likely to be actively participating in the neoplastic process. The range of variability in the fine structure of the different cell types constituting this tumor has been established. Variations in appearances include: a) presence of nuclear pseudoinclusions in stromal cells type 1 and multinucleated giant cells; b) aberrations in the structure of the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in the same cell types; c) occurrence of ruffled borders, ectoplasmic layers and cytoplasmic labyrinths containing acid phosphatase in the giant cells. Some giant cells show evidence of marked phagocytic activity and contain large and numerous residual bodies carrying acid phosphatase. The significance of the interrelations between the different cell types are discussed and the possible role of stromal cells type 2 in immunological mechanisms directed against the tumor cells are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01257881
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant cell tumor of bone (1978)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 378 (1978), S. 287-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumor ; Ultrastructure ; Alkaline phosphatase ; Human bone neoplasias
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structural localization of nonspecific alkaline phosphatase was elucidated in two giant cell tumors of bone using lead as capturing ion and Β-glycerophosphate as substrate in the incubation solution. Lead phosphate precipitate — indicating presence of alkaline phosphatase — was demonstrated on the plasma membranes, and the membranes bordering vesicles and vacuoles of presumed endocytotic nature, in giant cells and type 1 stromal cells (fibroblast-like cells). The findings support the view that stromal cells type I and giant cells are histogenetically related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00465595
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Giant cell tumor of bone (1977)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 376 (1977), S. 299-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant cell tumor ; Ultrastructure ; Acid phosphatase ; Lysosomes ; Bone tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structural localization of acid phosphatase in the different cells in a benign giant cell tumor of bone has been studied. Stromal cells type 1 and 2 (fibroblast-like and macrophage-like, respectively) showed the presence of lead phosphate precipitate following incubation in a Gomori-type lead salt medium only in conventional lysosomes. In the multinucleated giant cells, the final product was deposited over lysosome-like organelles, and also over Golgi cisternae, vesicles, and vacuoles. Furthermore, evidence for presence of acid phosphatase was obtained in smooth-surfaced tubular, sausage-, horse-shoe-, and ring-shaped structures and over digestive vacuoles of autophagic or heterophagic origin. Finally, in these cells, many of the tubular and vacuolar elements located subjacent to areas of the plasma membrane with microvillous specializations (abortive brush borders?) were shown to carry acid phosphatase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432300
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between lymphocyte-mediated auto-tumor reactivities and clinical course (1983)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 16 (1983), S. 11-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary T-cell-enriched blood lymphocyte populations from 24 osteosarcoma and 22 soft-tissue sarcoma patients were assayed at the time of surgery for proliferative response to, and/or cytotoxic potential against autologous tumor cells. Tumor-free period and survival of the patients were correlated with the results obtained in the in vitro tests. The observation time was between 18 and 118 months (mean 62) for the osteosarcoma patients and between 18 and 72 (mean 42) for the patients with soft-tissue sarcoma. In both groups tumor-free period and survival were longer for those individuals who had auto-tumor reactivity. In the non-reactive group, all patients died within 3 years. Almost all patients had cytotoxicity against K562.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199899
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lysis of autologous tumor cells by blood lymphocytes tested at the time of surgery (1986)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 21 (1986), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lymphocyte-mediated lysis of autologous tumor cells (autologous lymphocyte cytotoxocity ALC) was tested at the time of surgery in 108 patients (46 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, 25 adenocarcinomas of the lung, 19 soft tissue sarcomas and 18 osteosarcomas). The clinical course of these patients in relation to the test results has been published previously. The group was evaluated again after an extended observation time, now with a mean of 80.2 months (range 36–108). The test was rarely positive in patients with metastasis (2 out of 28 experiments). There was a correlation between the ALC results and the postsurgical clinical course for patients without detectable metastasis in that (1) a negative test was invariably a bad prognostic sign, i.e., all 32 patients with negative ALC died within 3 years (mean survival time 16.1 months). (2) The remission and survival times were longer for the ALC positive patients (p〈0.001). (3) All 37 individuals who are alive at present without recurrence belong to the reactive group. The ALC results correlated with the clinical course in 88% of patients. The correlation was highest for the groups of soft tissue sarcoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung. There was no correlation between killing of K562 cells and ALC, or between lymphoproliferative response to PHA and ALC reactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199380
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human osteogenic sarcoma (1982)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 6 (1982), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Osteosarcoma ; Electron microscopy ; Acid phosphate ; Alkaline phosphate ; Bone tumour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La morphologie de 26 sarcomes ostéogéniques a été étudiée par microscopie électronique et la localisation des phosphatases acide et alcaline a pu être précisée au niveau ultrastructural. Quatre différents types de cellules ont été mis en évidence dans les tumeurs: cellules d'aspect ostéoblastique, fibroblastique et chondroblastique, ainsi que des cellules géantes multinuclées. Les cellules d'aspect ostéoblastique étaient présentes dans presque toutes les tumeurs étudiées. Une activité phosphatasique acide a été trouvée dans les lysosomes de toutes les cellules étudiées. Une activité phosphatasique alcaline a été observée dans — ou sur — la membrane plasmatique et dans les vésicules associées des cellules d'aspect ostéoblastique et fibroblastique ainsi que des cellules géantes. L'abondance des produits de réaction de la phosphatase alcaline contrastant avec une faible activité phosphatasique acide est en accord avec la nature de cette tumeur ostéogénique. Les résultats de l'étude histochimique ont aidé à comprendre la pathobiologie des différentes cellules qui constituent les sarcomes ostéogéniques.
    Notes: Summary The morphology of 26 cases of osteogenic sarcoma was studied using electron microscopic techniques, and the localization of acid and alkaline phosphatase activity at the ultrastructural level elucidated. Four different cells were present in the tumours: osteoblast-like, fibroblast-like, chondroblast-like, and multinucleated giant cells. The osteoblast-like cell was present in most of the tumours studied. Acid phosphatase activity was present in lysosome-like structures of almost all the cell-types studied. Alkaline phosphatase activity was noted in or on the plasma membranes and associated vesicles of osteoblast-like, fibroblast-like, and multinucleated giant cells. The abundant reaction product deposition of alkaline phosphatase as compared with the lower acid phosphatase activity is in agreement with the nature of this bone-forming tumour. The results of the histochemical studies have added to the understanding of the pathobiology of the different cells composing osteogenic sarcomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267727
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between radiological and clinical variables in spondylolysis (1984)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 8 (1984), S. 163-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Spondylolysis ; Spondylolisthesis ; Symptomatology ; Prognosis ; Lumbar spine radiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un bilan clinique et radiologique a été effectué après un délai d'observation d'au moins 20 ans chez 255 sujets porteurs d'une spondylolyse lombaire, avec ou sans spondylolisthésis. Le but de cette étude était d'évaleur les relations entre les données cliniques et radiologiques et de rechercher quels éléments, radiologiques ou autres, pouvaient avoir une valeur pronostique dès le début de l'affection. On a pu mettre en évidence une corrélation significative entre d'une part la symptomatologie et le handicap fonctionnel durant la période d'observation et, d'autre part, l'importance du glissement et de la dégénérescence discale au moment de la révision, de même que la diminution de l'index lombaire au moment du diagnostic initial. Les facteurs individuels et les signes radiologiques notés à ce moment permettent également d'établir un pronostic. Les facteurs qui sont en faveur d'une symptomatologie sévère et de la nécessité d'un traitement sont les suivants: un glissement de plus de 10 mm, un faible index lombaire, une hyperlordose lombaire, une lyse de la 4ème vertèbre lombaire et un début précoce des symptômes.
    Notes: Summary A clinical and radiological follow-up investigation with at least 20 years observation time was made of 255 persons with lumbar spondylolysis with or without spondylolisthesis. The main purposes were to study the relationship between clinical and radiological features and to look for radiological and other variables of prognostic value. There was a clear positive correlation of symptoms and functional impairment during the observation period to disc degeneration and vertebral slipping at follow-up, as well as to a decrease in lumbar index at the time of diagnosis. Individual factors and radiological signs at the time of diagnosis were shown to have prognostic value for the course of the disease. The risk factors for severe symptoms and need for treatment were more than 10 mm of vertebral slipping, low lumbar index, increased lumbar lordosis, lysis in the fourth lumbar vertebra and early onset of symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269912
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