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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: sodium valproate ; adverse effects ; anti-convulsants ; drug interaction ; hyperammonia ; metabolites ; epilepsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The concentrations of valproic acid (VPA) and of its metabolites 3-oxo-VPA and 4-en-VPA were measured in the plasma of 12 selected epileptic patients 1,2,3, and 4 h after administration of a loading dose of VPA. Four of the patients, all on polytherapy, had had short-term adverse effects during chronic VPA treatment, and in them there has been abnormal NH3-values after a test doese of VPA. Eight patients (4 on monotherapy and 4 on polytherapy) had been free from adverse effects. No significant difference in the VPA, 3-oxo-VPA and 4-en-VPA concentrations was found between the three groups of patients. Accumulation of 4-en-VPA is not involved in the short-term adverse effects and hyperammonaemia induced by VPA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1126-5442
    Keywords: Key words Presenile primary dementia ; Clinical/neuropsychological examinations ; Differential diagnosis ; Seven-year follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Early diagnosis of presenile Alzheimer's disease (AD), which would serve for prognosis and for guiding choices of treatment, is still an important, difficult task for the clinical neurologist. We studied 24 patients, 12 of whom had minor cognitive impairment or questionable dementia (PICD) and 12 who met NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for presenile AD (PAD). Using clinical, neuropsychological, neurophysiological and neuroradiological methods, we followed the patients up to two disease end-points. All PAD patients evolved into clinically evident Alzheimer-type dementia, became untestable within 60 months and died within 72 months. Only 3 of the PICD patients became demented; 2 of them died during the follow-up and 1 died eight months later. The other 9 PICD patients showed only moderate cognitive decline, compatible with normal aging processes. Neurophysiological and neuroradiological findings might be an important tool for arriving at a correct early diagnosis, when they are assessed with clinical neuropsychological data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 16 (1969), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0167-8760
    Keywords: Bit color mapping ; Brain involutional process ; CNV ; Cognitive potential ; Presenium
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 14 (1993), S. 457-460 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Cysts ; intraspinal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Viene riportato il caso di un paziente di 72 anni affetto da paraparesi spastica cronica progressiva causata da una cisti aracnoidea idiopatica, intradurale a livello toracico. I sintomi sono completamente regrediti dopo rimozione chirurgica della cisti.
    Notes: Abstract We report an unusual case of idiopathic thoracic intradural arachnoid cyst causing a chronic progressive spastic paraparesis in a 72 year old man. Symptoms completely resolved after surgical excision of the cyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 15 (1994), S. 163-166 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: memory ; magnetic resonance imaging ; temporal lobe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Sette anni dopo un'encefalite un esame di Risonanza Magnetica dimostrò un danno bilaterale dell'ippocampo in un paziente con amnesia anterograda permanente.
    Notes: Abstract Seven years after encephalitis, magnetic resonance examination revealed bilateral hippocampal damage in a patient with permanent antegrade amnesia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: psychometrics ; Q-EEG ; ERPs ; CNV complex ; presenile dementia ; presenile Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Sono stati esaminati da un punto di vista clinico, neuropsicologico e neuro-psicofisiologico (Q-EEG, potenziali neurocognitivi del complesso CNV e tempo di reazione, TR, a segnali incondizionati) in 24 pazienti con forme più o meno gravi di deterioramento cognitivo presenile idiopatico (15 maschi e 9 femmine; età media 59.6) ed i dati sono stati confrontati con quelli raccolti in 10 soggetti sani di controllo di pari età (media 59.4). In 12 pazienti era stata formulata una diagnosi di sospetta/possibile forma iniziale presenile di demenza primaria (PICD), poiché i loro sintomi non completavano del tutto i criteri clinici del DSM III-R, dell'ICD-10 e del NINCDS-ADRDA Report proposti per le varie forme di demenza. Dodici pazienti presentavano un classico quadro clinico di iniziale demenza presenile di tipo Alzheimer (PAD). Tutti i pazienti sono stati sottoposti preliminarmente ad esami clinici, TAC, RMN, EEG con analisi spettrale e ad una batteria di test psicodiagnostici. Una valutazione statistica mediante analisi della varianza, test di correlazione ed analisi discriminante di tutti i dati neuropsicologici, neurofisiologici oltre che dei TR agli stimoli incondizionati (S2), hanno selezionato 22 singoli fattori discriminanti fra i 3 gruppi di soggetti ad un livello di significatività di p〈0.01. Ad un'analisi discriminante conclusiva 13 di questi 22 fattori hanno consentito una precisa identificazione nel 97% dei casi (33 dei 34 soggetti esaminati), e la stessa percentuale di corretta classificazione è stata ottenuta anche utilizzando i fattori discriminanti relativi ai soli dati del complesso CNV e dei TR ed S2. Con entrambi i gruppi di fattori tutti i soggetti normali ed i pazienti affetti da PAD sono stati esattamente identificati; solo 1 PICD risultò erroneamente classificato come normale con il primo gruppo di fattori discriminanti, ed un altro come PAD con il secondo gruppo di fattori. Questi risultati confermano la notevole utilità di tali metodiche non-invasive nella diagnosi precoce delle demenze primarie presenili, se correttamente eseguite ed interpretate come già dimostrato in nostre precedenti ricerche.
    Notes: Abstract Clinical, neuropsychological and neuropsychophysiological data (Q-EEG, ERPs and CNV/RT activity) were obtained from 24 patients who had more or less severe presenile primary cognitive decline without depression, and compared with similar data from 10 age-matched healthy volunteers (mean age, 59.4 years). All of the patients (15 M and 9 F; mean age 59.6 years) were selected according to the DSM III-R, ICD-10 and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria and underwent CT and MRI scanning, in addition to a standard clinical examination, a battery of psychometric tests, spectral EEG, and bit-mapped CNV complex and RT to S2 analyses. Twelve of the 24 patients presented an initial presenile idiopathic cognitive decline (PICD) but did not wholly fulfil the clinical and neuropsychological criteria for primary dementia or for a diagnosis of probable AD; the remaining 12 patients showed characteristic clinical signs and symptoms of a very probable early stage of presenile Alzheimer-type dementia (PAD). ANOVA, correlational and discriminant analyses of the neuropsychological test scores, and the neurophysiological and RT to S2 data revealed 22 highest-ranked between-group discriminant factors (all with a significance level of p〈0.01). The conclusive discriminant analysis retained 13 of these factors as final canonical functions, and these showed a 97% grouping accuracy (33 of the 34 subjects examined); the same percentage of correct classifications was also achieved using only the 15 best indicators in the group of CNV/RT findings. Using both of these sets of highest-ranked discriminators, all of the normal subjects and all of the PAD patients were correctly classified; only 1 PICD patient was misclassified as normal when the first group of 13 factors was used, and another PICD patient was misclassified as PAD using the second group of 15 factors. Our findings suggest that, providing they are correctly performed and interpreted, these non-invasive techniques may be an important tool for identifying incipient stages of presenile Alzheimer-type dementia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 40 (1998), S. 255-257 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Behçet's disease ; Spinal cord ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract MRI demonstrated well-defined areas of signal change and moderate contrast enhancement in the thoracic spinal cord of a patient with Behçet's disease presenting with subacute myelopathy. The patient improved after intravenous steroids, and MRI 5 months later showed a normal spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 3 (1982), S. 237-240 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Brainstem auditory evoked potentials ; BAEPs ; Wallenberg syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario È stato possibile registrare i BAEPs ed eseguire un dettagliato studio anatomo-patologico del tronco encefalico in un paziente affetto da s. di Wallenberg, il quale è deceduto poco dopo il ricovero per complicanze extraneurologiche. Dal lato affetto i BAEPs sono risultati alterati senza però indicare una esatta localizzazione della lesione. L'esame istologico ha evidenziato un infarto della porzione dorsolaterale destra del bulbo. Un esame particolareggiato delle vie acustiche troncoencefaliche ne ha dimostrato l'integrità anatomica. Quanto rilevato conferma l'incertezza che tuttora esiste sulla natura e localizzazione dei generatori di alcune delle componenti del BAEP. Si rileva, inoltre, che anomalie dei BAEPs possono essere riscontrate anche in assenza di un persistente danno anatomico delle vie acustiche troncoencefaliche.
    Notes: Abstract BAEPs were recorded in a 70-year-old man who had developed symptoms indicative of Wallenberg syndrome. He died, of extracerebral causes, shortly after hospitalization and an autopsy study was done on the brainstem lesions. Right ear stimulation disclosed BAEP abnormalities, but gave no indication of the level of the ischemic disorder. Histopathological examination showed a typical right dorsolateral medullary infarct. A detailed study of the acoustic pathways demonstrated their anatomical integrity. These findings confirm the uncertainty that still exists as to the exact location and type of generators of BAEP components. They suggest, moreover, that BAEPs can give objective evidence of functional impairment of brainstem acoustic structures even in the absence of persistent anatomical damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Meningioma ; glioma ; primary cerebral neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Gli autori descrivono un caso di doppio tumore contemporaneo, di linee germinative diverse, evidenziati uno alla TC e l'altro all'angiografia.
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of coincidental meningioma and astrocytoma in the same hemisphere. Neuroradiological examination, CT and angiography showed only one of the tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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