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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mega-epibenthic communities in Arctic and Antarctic shelf areas (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 135 (1999), S. 269-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mega-epibenthic shelf assemblages were investigated off Northeast Greenland and in the Weddell, Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas in the Antarctic using underwater video. In the Arctic a total of 94 taxa represented by more than 100 000 individuals were identified. Echinoderms, particularly brittle stars, were the most important elements of the mega-epibenthic fauna on the shelf off Northeast Greenland. Multivariate analyses of the species distribution revealed a conspicuous depth zonation in which an assemblage on the shallow banks can be clearly distinguished from that in the troughs. Between these a transitional zone with a heterogeneous benthic fauna was found. Physical disturbances are supposed to be responsible for the pronounced dominance patterns observed on the shallow banks. The fauna in the troughs, which consists of more than 50% suspension feeders, is diverse but low in numbers of individuals. In the Antarctic more than 115 000 individuals belonging to 169 taxa were analyzed. Obvious faunal differences exist between the stations in the Weddell Sea and the Bellingshausen/Amundsen Seas. Assemblages of suspension feeders dominated by sponges and bryozoans are prevalent on the shelf of the eastern Weddell Sea, but almost absent in the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas. These assemblages seem to be restricted to areas where bottom currents provide favourable feeding conditions. However, motile deposit feeders are more abundant in both regions where there is a soft bottom substrate with presumably slow bottom currents and reduced horizontal transport of organic particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050624
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shrimp (Decapoda, Natantia) occurrence and distribution in the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica (1991)
    Springer
    Polar biology 11 (1991), S. 169-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 108 successful ground and Agassiz trawl catches were taken between 155 and 2031 m depth in the eastern Weddell Sea on board RV Polarstern in spring and summer (October–February) 1985–1989. In addition, 7 hauls were taken with a semipelagic trawl. Only 19 hauls (16.5%) contained no shrimps. The others yielded large numbers of Notocrangon antarcticus, Chorismus antarcticus, and Nematocarcinus lanceopes as well as 20 Lebbeus antarcticus and 11 specimens of an Eualus species new to science. 8 Pasiphaea scotiae were caught in a pelagic krill trawl. No reptant decapod crustaceans were detected in the study area. Shrimp densities determined from trawl catches were lower than estimates derived from underwater photography but in the same order of magnitude. Although yields of the three common shrimp species in some cases exceeded 20 kg per 0.5 h haul, shrimp stocks in the area cannot be considered to be of commercial significance. A wider geographical distribution and greater frequency of shrimps in high Antarctic waters was found than described hitherto. There was considerable variation in numbers, sex composition, occurrence at different depths, and size-frequency distributions. C. antarcticus and N. antarcticus grow to a larger size compared with individuals from the Antarctic Peninsula area. Within the area of investigation, length frequency distributions are skewed towards larger sizes at higher latitudes. In the eastern Weddell Sea larger specimens of the three common species live at greater depths than smaller individuals. Potential reasons for these differences are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00240205
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benthic diatoms as the major food source in the sub-Antarctic marine hydroid Silicularia rosea (1996)
    Springer
    Polar biology 16 (1996), S. 507-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Analysis of the gut contents and scanning electron microscopy examination of the benthic hydroid Silicularia rosea from intertidal communities of Potter Cove (King George Island, South Shetlands) suggest that diatoms are the principal source of food for this species. The great number of items captured daily by each polyp (a mean of 287 in January and 162 in December) and the benthic origin of these prey items suggest an adaptation to daily resuspension processes caused by tidal currents. This is an unusual trophic strategy for a benthic hydroid, which would result in an important degree of independence from the highly fluctuating planktonic food conditions in Antarctic waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050082
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benthic diatoms as the major food source in the sub-Antarctic marine hydroidSilicularia rosea (1996)
    Springer
    Polar biology 16 (1996), S. 507-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of the gut contents and scanning electron microscopy examination of the benthic hydroidSilicularia rosea from intertidal communities of Potter Cove (King George Island, South Shetlands) suggest that diatoms are the principal source of food for this species. The great number of items captured daily by each polyp (a mean of 287 in January and 162 in December) and the benthic origin of these prey items suggest an adaptation to daily resuspension processes caused by tidal currents. This is an unusual trophic strategy for a benthic hydroid, which would result in an important degree of independence from the highly fluctuating planktonic food conditions in Antarctic waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02329070
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive biology of caridean decapods from the Weddell Sea (1992)
    Springer
    Polar biology 12 (1992), S. 111-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Data on reproductive biology are presented for five benthic caridean shrimps from the high Antarctic (Chorismus antarcticus, Notocrangon antarcticus, Nematocarcinus lanceopes, Lebbeus antarcticus and Eualus kinzeri). The first three species were very common on the Weddell Sea shelf and upper slope, whereas only a few individuals of the other two species were caught-but these did include some ovigerous females. Our measurements include size at first maturity, fecundity (total number and mass of eggs), individual egg mass, egg length, ovary indices, maximum size encountered and documentation of the reproductive cycle in spring and summer. Egg number generally increases with female size, and the largest species (N. lanceopes) also carries the highest number of eggs. The eggs of all high Antarctic species are large, the extreme being L. antarcticus with an egg length of up to 3.3 mm. For C. antarcticus and N. antarcticus, which have wide geographic distributions, a comparison is made with older published and unpublished data from the Subantarctic (South Georgia). High Antarctic representatives of these two species grow to a larger maximum size, attain sexual maturity later in their life cycle, and produce fewer and larger eggs in relation to both carapace length and female mass, than their Subantarctic counterparts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239971
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macrofaunal communities on the continental shelf and slope of the southeastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica (1992)
    Springer
    Polar biology 12 (1992), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary During the third leg of the “European Polarstern Study” (EPOS leg 3) in the austral summer season 1989, benthic macrofaunal communities were sampled from the Elephant Island area (61° southern latitude) and from Kapp Norvegia (71° southern latitude) to Halley Bay (75°30′ southern latitude) using a commercial bottom trawl and an Agassiz trawl. Thirty-six trawl samples from a depth range of about 200–2,000 m were considered, with most of the samples being from the shelf and upper slope. Multivariate analysis techniques (clustering and TWIN-SPAN) discriminated between an eastern and a southern community in which parallel subgroups can be distinguished at increasing distance from the ice shelf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238271
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative investigations on macrobenthos communities of the southeastern Weddell Sea shelf based on multibox corer samples (1992)
    Springer
    Polar biology 12 (1992), S. 291-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A total of 233 multibox corer samples from 36 stations along the southeastern Weddell Sea shelf and upper continental slope between Atka Bay (70°S) and Gould Bay (78° S), covering a depth range from 170 to 2,037 m, provided biomass and abundance data for analysis of faunal communities. Twenty-eight major taxa were distinguished. Based on these data, 3 different macrobenthos communities could be identified by means of cluster analysis. Hexactinellid sponges, polychaetes and echinoderms were most abundant. Biomass values have been found to be in the range of 94 mg up to 1.6 kg wet weight per sqm. According to TWINSPAN, the sampled stations can be divided into two groups each consisting of two major subgroups. Peracarid crustaceans, polychaetes and bivalves are commonly distributed in the area of investigation whereas others such as sponges, brachiopods, pantopods and asteroids are more confined to Kapp Norvegia and Halley Bay. Biomass values of these latter taxa off Kapp Norvegia were generally higher than in the Halley Bay area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238272
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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