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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 28 (1989), S. 1533-1538 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1776-1781 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Previous perturbed angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy measurements on the donor indium in CdTe and its alloys have revealed several defect complexes. One defect characterized by two sets of quadrupole interaction parameters, νQ=83 MHz, η=0.08 and νQ=92 MHz, η=0.08, was observed in Hg0.8Cd0.2Te (x=0.2 MCT) and attributed to the substitutional indium–metal vacancy complex InM2+3+VM2+. A defect characterized by νQ=61±1 MHz and asymmetry parameter η between 0 and 0.19 was seen in CdTe and widely attributed to the same complex. Both of these assignments were based mainly on an observed relationship between complex formation and the loss of metal ions. In this article we present PAC measurements on 111In-doped x=0.45 MCT (Hg0.55Cd0.45Te). These measurements reveal defects having quadrupole interactions very similar to those seen previously in CdTe and in x=0.2 MCT. Two unique defect fractions f1 and f2, characterized by νQ1=60±3 MHz, η1≈0–0.2, and νQ2=87±4 MHz, η2≈0–0.15, were seen in x=0.45 MCT, in some cases simultaneously. The observation of both of these interactions in the same material—if they correspond to the defects seen in CdTe and x=0.21 MCT—precludes the possibility that they both correspond to precisely the same defect. We also observed a change in the relative fractions of these two defects with time at room temperature; the fraction f2 vanished over a period of a day, while f1 and f0 (the fraction of indium atoms in sites having cubic or higher symmetry) increased. While we cannot rule out the possibility of a slow electronic transition, at present we favor a model in which one of the interactions (probably the one near 60 MHz) corresponds to a complex in which indium is paired to a fast-diffusing monovalent metal ion like Ag+, Cu+, or Li+. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 12 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to determine the pulpal response to three dilute citric acid smear removers. Forty-eight vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops pygerythrus), in three groups of sixteen animals provided 384 tooth specimens for the histological evaluation of the pulpal response at 3, 31, and 59 days post-operatively. Labial Class V cavities were prepared in the maxillary and mandibular incisor teeth. The pulpal responses elicited by 1% aqueous citric acid, 1% citric acid in 30% ethanol and 0.1% citric acid in 30% ethanol solutions, in unlined cavities and in cavities lined with Dycal after acid application, were compared with those elicited by a negative control material—(Nobetec), and a positive control material—(Syntrex). Using Stanley's criteria the most severe pulpal responses were seen in teeth treated with 1% aqueous citric acid and 1% citric acid in 30% ethanol without a subsequent liner, and by Syntrex at all three time intervals. The use of Dycal as a liner after smear removal markedly reduced the pulpal responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 7 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A recently marketed direct filling resin, Isosite, does not have an inorganic filler. This material is offered as a hand-mixed, two-paste system (Isopast) and is also available in capsulated form and as an ultraviolet activated sytem. Since it is well known that direct filling resins used hitherto are capable of causing pulpal irritation, especially in deep cavities, the pulpal response to Isopast was investigated. The experimental animals were twenty-four vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Under general anaesthesia a labial cavity was cut in each of the eight incisor teeth (maxillary and mandibular) of each animal. In each animal two cavities were filled with unlined Isopast, two with Isopast over a lining of calcium hydroxide cement, two with silicate cement and two with zinc oxide/eugenol cement. The animals were killed at intervals of 2, 28 and 56 days. The teeth recovered were decalcified and stained for histological examination. Of the total of 192 specimens sixty-five were discarded, two because of accidental pulpal exposure, one because of leakage and sixy-three because of technical defects in the preparation of the material, leaving 126 specimens available for assessment. This was done independently by three examiners who did not know which materials had elicited the reactions observed. It was found that after 2 days unlined Isopast caused more pulpal disturbance than other materials. After 28 and 56 day intervals lined Isopast caused less disturbance than the other materials. The maker's recommendation that linings should be used is confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 4943-4947 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the perturbed angular correlation technique to measure the orientation of the electric-field gradients (EFGs) due to vacancy trapping by substitutional indium donors in the II-VI semiconductor Hg0.79Cd0.2Te. Previously, two hyperfine interaction frequencies were measured and were attributed to the trapping of a metal vacancy at a next nearest-neighbor site to the indium atom in bulk solid-state recrystallized materials. In the present experiments, measurements are done on thin-film samples to find the principal axes of the EFGs. Both EFGs are found to have principal axes parallel to a 〈111〉 crystal axis, despite the fact that a simple point charge model supports a 〈110〉 EFG for this 〈110〉-oriented In-VHg complex. A similar situation exists for indium-vacancy pairing in other II-VI semiconductors. We propose that the 〈111〉 EFG orientation arises from the electric dipole moments of the highly polarized Te ions in the region of the vacancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 3576-3583 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interaction of vacancies with 111In atoms is studied in Hg1−xCdxTe compounds via perturbed-angular correlation (PAC) experiments, for x=0.065, 0.21, 0.44, and 0.95. In the low-x (Hg-rich) compounds, Hg vacancies are created by heating in vacuum. For the x=0.21 alloy, we have previously shown that InC-vacC pairs (A centers consisting of an In atom on a cation site and a vacancy at a neighboring cation site) are abundant after quenching from elevated temperatures. These defects are characterized by two PAC signals with quadrupole interaction frequencies νQ1=83 MHz and νQ2=92 MHz, and asymmetry parameters η1=η2=0.08. For the x=0.065–0.44 alloys, the data presented in this article show that the fractions f1 and f2 of In atoms associated with these two frequencies vary with x according to whether one or two Hg atoms are nearest neighbors to the Te atom that is bound to the In atom and the vacancy. The data are explained by the polarizable point-ion model. For the x=0.95 compound, PAC signals are observed only when stable In is added to the compound, indicating that the presence of In creates vacancies, and that self-compensation via A centers is dominant. In this case, the well-known frequencies νQ4=100 MHz and νQ5=112 MHz are seen for samples quenched from several different temperatures between 325 and 525 °C, or slow cooled from 475 °C or below. In contrast, for a sample slowly cooled from 525 °C, the frequency νQ6=60 MHz was dominant. This signal could be due to InC−vacC pairs in which the vacancy is singly charged, or to In-group I pairs. We attribute the frequencies νQ4=100 MHz and νQ5=112 MHz, like νQ1 and νQ2, to InC-vacC pairs having doubly charged vacancies. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 938-940 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interaction of mercury vacancies with dopant indium atoms in Hg0.79Cd0.21Te was studied using the perturbed γγ angular correlation (PAC) technique. Two dominant PAC signals, characterized by quadrupole interaction strengths νQ1=83 MHz and νQ2= 91 MHz and asymmetry parameters η1=η2=0.08, were observed and attributed to one or more In-VHg complexes. The complexes appeared after annealing doped samples at T≥350 °C in vacuum and quenching. The fraction of In atoms associated with vacancies was increased further by annealing at 80 °C for (approximately-greater-than)10 h. The In-vacancy complexes vanished on annealing in a Hg-saturated atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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