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The distribution of cardiac macrophages in myocardial ischaemia and cardiomyopathy (2005)

Azzawi, M ; Kan, S W ; Hillier, V ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Histopathology 46 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2559

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Aims : Recent evidence has implicated the macrophage as an effector cell in the inflammatory processes in transplant rejection, as well as cardiac disease, including coronary atherosclerosis. Although the latter is a vascular disease, the entire myocardium is affected. We have previously demonstrated the presence and distribution of macrophages in the ‘normal’ human heart. In this paper the distribution of myocardial macrophages, in the various chambers of the failing human heart, from cases of coronary atheroma and cardiomyopathy undergoing heart transplantation is documented.Methods and results : Tissue blocks were removed at specific sites taken from six cases with ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (four males, two females, age range 54–62 years), and four cases with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) (three males, one female, age range 18–49 years). These were compared with hearts from five cases of sudden death, unrelated to heart disease. Sections were stained with a CD68 pan macrophage marker. Positive cells were enumerated in 20 random fields. Results were analysed using a generalized linear modelling method using a Poisson distribution. Macrophages were identified within the interstitium and often close to blood vessels in all hearts. Macrophages from IHD hearts demonstrated the most intense staining and were often larger and more elongated than those found in ‘normal’ control hearts. Macrophages were also often degranulated and staining was diffuse in the interstitium. Overall, there were significantly more macrophages in most areas from IHD hearts than from IDCM hearts or control hearts (P 〈 0.001).Conclusions : Significantly more macrophages were found in all four chambers in diseased hearts compared with controls. Macrophage numbers were higher in the atria than in ventricles in the diseased myocardium. This study suggests selective recruitment of macrophages into the atria in the disease states studied.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02075.x

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The effect of cytochalasin B on the rate of growth and ultrastructure of wheat coleoptiles and maize roots (1979)

Pope, D. G. ; Thorpe, J. R. ; Al-Azzawi, M. J. ; [et al.]

Springer

Planta 144 (1979), S. 373-383

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ISSN: 1432-2048

Keywords: Auxin ; Cell elongation ; Cytochalasin B ; Dictyosomes ; Secretion ; Triticum ; Zea

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Cytochalasin B (CB) inhibits the elongation growth of maize roots, and that of wheat coleoptile segments incubated in indolyl-3-acetic acid, by over 30% after a lag period of about 60 min. This long lag is not due to poor tissue penetration by the inhibitor, but seems to reflect a property of the process inhibited by CB. The only visible ultrastructural change accompanying growth inhibition is the accumulation of secretory vesicles in the vicinity of dictyosomes, which occurs between 90 and 300 min. However, a massive accumulation of vesicles is seen after 120 min in root cap cells which possess very active dictyosomes. The results indicate that CB does not inhibit elongation growth by interfering with cytoplasmic streaming. Instead, they indicate that the drug acts to inhibit the secretion of cell wall components at some stage after vesicle production, but prior to their transport.