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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LACK OF ASSOCIATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO RAGWEED ANTIGEN E, Ra 3 AND Ra5 WITH THE HLA SYSTEM (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 8 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: One hundred and sixty-five individuals with ragweed rhinitis and asthma were studied. The associations between the HLA system and: Ra3 skin-test response, Ra3 RAST, Ra3/antigen E skin-test reactivity ratio, Ra5 skin-test response, Ra5 RAST, Ra5/antigen E skin-test reactivity ratio, serum IgE levels, antigen E skin-test response, and antigen E RAST were studied. In addition, the influence of the serum IgE levels of these immune parameters were evaluated. No highly significant associations were noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-313X.1981.tb00942.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absence of linkage between 5q markers and serum IgE levels in four large atopic families (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Both genetic and environmental influences have been suggested to control the immunoglobulin (Ig)E response to allergens and, as a result, provide susceptibility to atopic disease. Two recent reports suggested that a major gene controlling basal IgE levels in humans was transmitted in a pattern consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance and was located on the long arm of chromosome 5 in the interleukin (IL)-4 gene complex.Objective The purpose of this report is to evaluate evidence for linkage of IgE with polymorphic genetic markers in the candidate region of 5q in four large pedigrees originally selected for studies of atopy.Method Four large, highly characterized pedigrees in which IgE levels had been determined and genotypes at markers in the 5q candidate region were evaluated using both lod score and sib pair methods of analysis.Results In these pedigrees, we reject close to moderate hnkage (up to 5 cM) of an IgE locus with markers on 5q.Conclusion The genetic aspects of IgE regulation and its role in atopy remain controversial. The data suggest that should major genes be involved in the inheritance of atopy susceptibility, they are likely to be multiple in number and likely to involve interaction with other (exogenous) environmental exposures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00623.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collaborative studies on the genetics of asthma—National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00416.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Random outcomes of allergen-specific responses in atopic families (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Allergens are common non-infectious antigens to which people will mount T cell dependent humoral responses. Among genetically susceptible individuals, an antigen-specific response results involving the production of allergen-specific IgE (atopy).Objective Determine if this susceptibility is manifested as an inherited, allergen-specific trait or a random response to allergens among susceptible people.Methods We evaluated allergen-specific outcomes in 1099 members of families with positive atopic history (26 multi-generation and 112 nuclear families). Each was tested for sensitivity to 14 common allergens by standardized skin prick test (SPT), a marker of specific IgE production. Over 15 000 individual SPT's were evaluated. Among five randomly selected multi-generation families (N=163), semi-quantitative determinations of Amb a 1-specific IgA1,2 and IgG1–4 were determined in three groups: (A) Amb a SPT+/Amb a 1-IgE+, (B) Amb a SPT−/Amb a 1-IgE+, (C) Amb a SPT−/Amb a 1-IgE−.Results By rank correlation statistics, there were no discernible ‘patterns’ of specific SPT outcomes among any of the multi-generation families, suggesting that environmental exposure rather than allergen-specific inheritance determined the responses. This was confirmed among the nuclear families since the conditional SPT outcomes among children were independent of the SPT responses of their parents. Among five randomly selected multi-generation families, the relative proportionate concentrations of the Amb a 1-specific IgA and IgG subclasses were comparable, regardless of atopic sensitization to the ragweed allergen Amb a.Conclusion While the general propensity for atopy may be inherited, an individual's specific atopic outcome is a random variable independent of familial sensitization patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.1920.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of an affinity threshold for IgE-allergen binding in the percutaneous skin test reaction (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Atopy is an aberrant immune response involving allergen-specific IgE production, though serum IgE concentration is not an entirely reliable diagnostic tool, particularly for epidemiological and genetic studies. There is no clear correlation between IgE and other indicators of atopy such as skin prick tests (SPT)s, and physiological associations are difficult to justify in cases with detectable IgE but negative SPT results.Objective IgE reflects the number of molecules available to produce an atopic response, but the degree of the response is determined by the binding strength (affinity) between receptor-bound IgE and the allergen. We sought to determine if there was an association between binding affinity and SPT results in people with histories of atopy.Methods Standard SPTs (whole allergen extracts) were administered to people with histories of sensitivities to ragweed and house dust mite. The concentrations and affinities of serum allergen-specific IgEs were determined using the purified allergens Amb a 1 and Der p 1.Results There was a positive correlation between weal area and allergen-specific IgE among SPT-positive donors. However, for those individuals with detectable amounts of allergen-specific IgE, there was considerable overlap of IgE values between SPT-positive and -negative groups. Among sensitized donors, IgE–allergen interactions were characterized by two or three specific reactions of very high affinity (KA range 108−1011 M). Negative SPT reactions were associated with lowered IgE binding affinities to major allergens. This delimited two groups with atopic disorders: specific IgE(+)/SPT(+) and specific IgE(+)/SPT(–).Conclusion The product of antibody affinity and concentration, which we define as antibody capacity (CAP = KA × IgE), is more informative with regard to describing allergen sensitivity than antibody concentration alone. Antibody binding capacity provides physiological evidence of atopy in some subjects who do not test positively by common methods and suggests an affinity threshold to produce a positive SPT reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-0477.2001.01244.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of atopy in three large kindreds: no evidence of linkage to D11S97 (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Both genetic and environmental influences have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atopic disease. A recent report suggested that a major gene providing susceptibility to atopy was transmitted in a pattern consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance and evidence was presented that places the disease locus near the D11S97 marker on human chromosome 11q. In this report, we present three large, highly characterized pedigrees in which atopy is transmitted in a pattern consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. Genotypes at the D11S97and HLA loci were evaluated using both lod score and sib pair methods of analysis. In these pedigrees, we reject close to moderate linkage (up to 10 cM) of atopy with both D11S97 and HLA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb00132.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of an affinity threshold for IgE-allergen binding in the percutaneous skin test reaction (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01438.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B-cell epitopes recognized by IgE from patients sensitive to Amb a 5 (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 27 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The response to allergens characterized hy IgE-mediated hypersensitivity is selective. The search for the inherited contribution to atopy has among other things, focused on the linkage of sensitivity to the presence of specific alleles in the DR and DQ locus. More than 90% of the responders to Amb a 5, an allergen from ambrosia artemisifolia, are DR-2 positive. This relationship is logically linked to the T-cell epitope presentation by the HLA complex.Objectives This study aims to investigate a possible relationship between T-cell epitopes. B-cell epitopes and the alleles of the DR and DQ loci in Amb a 5 sensitive DR-2+ and DR-2 – individuals.Methods Inhibition of solid state Elisa assays by IgE-enriched and IgG-depleted, heated sera. The inhibition was carried out in checkerboard pattern, bidirectionally; A inhibits B and B inhibits A.Results The B-cell epitopes defined hy the inhibition pattern were all found to be conformational. Three different epitope patterns (A, B, C) were recognized. The IgE and IgG complexes were found in only one responder. The DR and DQ locus alleles were all sequenced. Although all the individuals studied responding to Amb a 5 show presence of alleles such as 1501, associated with DR-2, our data indicates no correlation between the B-cell epitopes recognized and the DR and DQ locus alleles. A well known, general T-cell motif was recognized in the known sequence of Amb a 5.Conclusions Our investigation suggests that the choice of B-cell recognition is regulated independently of a putative link between T-cell epitope recognition and the D locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1997.tb01157.x
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