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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Keywords: Key words Interleukin-5 ; Murine filariasis ; Eosinophils ; Vaccine-induced protection ; Helminth infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pathways conferring immunity to human filariases are not well known, in part because human-pathogenic filariae do not complete a full life cycle in laboratory mice. We have used the only fully permissive infection of mice with filariae, i.e., infection of BALB/c mice with the rodent filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis. Our previous results showed that worm development is inversely correlated with Th2 cytokine production and eosinophilia. The scope of the present study was to directly elucidate the role of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and eosinophils in controlling the development of L. sigmodontis after vaccination and in primary infection. BALB/c mice immunized with irradiated third-stage larvae (L3) were confirmed to have elevated IL-5 levels as well as high subcutaneous eosinophilia and to attack and reduce incoming larvae within the first 2 days, resulting in 70% reduction of worm load. Treatment of vaccinated mice with anti-IL-5 antibody (TRFK-5) suppressed both blood and tissue eosinophilia and completely abolished protection. This demonstrates, for the first time in a fully permissive filarial infection, that IL-5 is essential for protection induced by irradiated L3 larvae. In contrast, in primary-infected mice, anti-IL-5 treatment did not modify filarial infection within the 1st month, most likely because during primary infection IL-5-dependent mechanisms such as subcutaneous eosinophilia are induced too late to disturb worm establishment. However, there is a role for IL-5 late in primary infection where neutrophil-dependent worm encapsulation is also under the control of IL-5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Systematic parasitology 20 (1991), S. 237-238 
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Four new species of Splendidofilariinae from different families of lizards are described: Thamugadia wertheimae n. sp., from Acanthodactylus b. boskianus from Israel, Madathamugadia versterae n. sp., from Mabuya capensis from the Northern Transvaal; M. bissani n. sp., from Mabuya quinquetaeniata from Mali; and M. ineichi n. sp., from Pseudocordylus microlepidotus melanotus from the Orange Free State. The life-cycle of M. ineichi is described. It occurs in a Phlebotomus species and is similar to the two known life-cycles in the genus. The new combination Madathamugadia huambensis (Petit, Bain, Gomes & Touratier, 1983) is proposed for the filarial worm from Mabuya aff. quinquetaeniata in Angola, previously placed in the genus Piratuboides (Oswaldofilariinae). Pseudothamugadia physignathi, from Physignathus lesueurii in Australia, is redescribed. In New Guinea, this filarid, or a closely related species, is a parasite of Chlamydosaurus kingii. The presence of splendidofilariines in lizards from southern and western Africa is a new finding. These Ethiopian species show several original characteristics but exhibit affinities with the two Madathamugadia spp. from Malagasy. M. ineichi appears to be a primitive form with a well-developed buccal capsule and well-developed pre- and post-cloacal papillae. Two lines appear to derive from this group: the first is characterised by the reduction of the post-cloacal papillae and comprises the eight species of Madathamugadia in the Ethiopian and Mediterranean regions; the second line is characterised by a reduction of the pre-cloacal papillae and includes the four species of Thamugadia in the Mediterranean region. Morphologically, Pseudothamugadia appears to be closely related to Madathamugadia.
    Notes: Résumé Description de quatre nouvelles espèces parasites de lézards de diverses familles: Thamugadia wertheimae n. sp., parasite d'Acanthodactylus b. boskianus en Israël, Madathamugadia versterae n. sp., parasite de Mabuya capensis au Nord Transvaal, M. bissani n. sp., parasite de Mabuya quinquetaeniata au Mali, M. ineichi n. sp., parasite de Pseudocordylus microlepidotus melanotus dans l'Etat Libre d'Orange. Le cycle de cette dernière espèce est réalisé; il s'effectue chez un phlébotome, comme les deux autres cycles connus dans le genre. La nouvelle combinaison Madathamugadia huambensis (Petit, Bain, Gomes & Touratier, 1983) est proposée pour la filaire de Mabuya aff. quinquetaeniata en Angola, qui était placée dans le genre Piratuboides, Oswaldofilariinae. Redescription de Pseudothamugadia physignathi, parasite de Physignathus lesueurii en Australie; en Nouvelle Guinée, cette filaire (ou une espèce proche?) est parasite de Chlamydosaurus kingii. La présence de Splendidofilariinae chez les lézards en Afrique du Sud et de l'Ouest est un élément nouveau. Ces espèces éthiopiennes présentent divers caractères originaux mais elles ont des affinités avec les deux Madathamugadia malgaches. M. ineichi apparait comme une forme primitive (capsule buccale présente, papilles pré et postcloacales développées); deux lignées en dériveraient, la première caractérisée par la régression des papilles postcloacales: ce sont les sept autres espèces de Madathamugadia, en régions éthiopienne et méditérranéenne, la seconde par la disparition des papilles précloacales: ce sont les quatre espèces de Thamugadia, en région méditerranéenne. Pseudothamugadia apparait proche de Madathamugadia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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