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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid and sensitive ion chromatographic technique for the determination of sulfate and sulfate reduction rates in freshwater lake sediments (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 85 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Newly developed low capacity columns were used in suppressed ion chromatography for rapid and highly reproducible determination of SO42− in porewater samples from freshwater sediments without preconcentration of samples. With a 50 μl injection the detection limit for SO42− was ca. 50 pmol (= 1 μM) with a precision of 1–3% at the 10–200 μM level and 〈1% at concentrations above 200 μM. SO42− could be measured in 4–5 min with the routinely used eluent (3.0 mM NaHCO3/0.8 mM Na2CO3). When the strength of the eluent was increased to 3.0 mM NaHCO3/2.0 mM Na2CO3, sulfate analysis was possible in less than 3 min, provided that samples were nitrate-free. Under these conditions S2O32− could also be sensitively determined in about 6 min. Examples of application of the method are given for measurements of sulfate reduction rates in freshwater sediment samples from Lake Constance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04694.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial sulfate reduction in littoral sediment of Lake Constance (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 85 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Porewater concentrations of SO42− and NO3−, the depth distribution of FeS, FeS2 and organically bound sulfur, and the spatial distribution and intensity of dissimilatory microbial sulfate reduction were studied at a littoral site in Lake Constance. Porewater sulfate concentrations dropped steeply from about 300 μM at the surface to 10–20 μM at 5–6 cm depth. Free H2S could not be detected in porewater samples. Of the total sediment sulfur 53% was present in an organically bound form, 41% as pyrite and So and only 6% as acid volatile sulfur (FeS). The concentrations of dissolved anions and the rates of sulfate reduction showed intensive short- and long-term variations consistent with the strong seasonal changes of temperature and water level. Sulfate reduction rates were lowest just after the spring thaw (ca. 300–400 nmol cm−2 day−1), but increased strongly toward summer and reached a maximum of more than 2000 nmol cm−2 day−1 in September. The zone of most intense sulfate reduction was restricted to the upper 3 cm of the sediment with a distinct maximum at a depth of 1–2 cm. In deeper zones sulfate reduction rates declined markedly. The apparent activation energy of sulfate reduction, determined by slurry experiments, was 54.1 kJ mol−1; the corresponding Q10-value was 2.25 (between 5 and 15°C). Concentrations of sulfate greater 60 μM did not increase rates in sediment slurries. The relation between sulfate reduction rates and sulfate concentration was not in accordance with Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetics. Thiosulfate or nitrate added to sediment slurries was rapidly consumed with rates of 2620 nmol cm−3 day−1 and 59800 nmol cm−3 day−1, respectively. Sulfate was formend parallel to the decrease of thiosulfate, most likely due to bacterial thiosulfate disproportionation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04695.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfate-reducing bacteria in littoral sediment of Lake Constance (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 85 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The viable population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in littoral sediments of Lake Constance was investigated using enrichment and enumeration techniques. Enrichment studies established that most types of SRB grew best in media with low salt concentrations (max. 0.4 g Cl−/1), consistent with the low salinity of the freshwater habitat. Enumerations were based on an adequate medium with the following electron donors: H2, lactate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, caprylate, succinate, benzoate, or S2O32− for thiosulfate-disproportionating bacteria. Cultures were incubated for 6 weeks to obtain maximum counts. A maximum cell density of 6.3 × 106 cells per ml sediment was estimated, which is the highest number of SRB ever reported for anoxic sediments. A comparison with measured sulfate reduction rates showed that the enumeration techniques were about 10–100-fold more efficient than those previously used. The population of SRB had a characteristic structure consisting of 87.7% H2-utilizing SRB (physiologically resembling the classical Desulfovibrio species); 12.0% propionate utilizers (tentatively identified as Desulfobulbus species); 0.3% long chain fatty acid-oxidizing Desulfovibrio sapovorans species. Acetate-utilizing SRB (Desulfotomaculum acetoxidans) constituted ≤ 0.05% of the total estimated population. Moreover, the latter species was only present as inactive spores. Benzoate-degrading SRB were not detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04696.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitivity of methanogenic bacteria from paddy soil to oxygen and desiccation (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 12 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of combinations of desiccation and exposure to O2 were studied in pure cultures of Methanosarcina barkeri strain Fusaro and in a new Methanosarcina strain and a new Methanobacterium strain which were both isolated from dry oxic paddy soil. Incubation of bacterial suspensions under air for 200 min resulted in a decreased potential to produce CH4, but not in a decreased viability. The inhibitory effect of O2 slightly increased with increased salt concentration. Desiccation of bacterial suspensions under N2 resulted in reduction of viability to 10% and of potential CH4 production to 0.6%. Desiccation of bacterial suspensions under air resulted in a larger decrease of both viability (0.5%) and potential CH4 production (0.03%). This decrease was smaller at rapid compared to slow desiccation. Survival and potential CH4 production were further inhibited when the suspension was dried in the presence of sand grains or glass beads coated with FeS or FeNH4PO4. However, survival and potential CH4 production increased dramatically in the presence of pyrite (FeS2) grains. Then, as much as 10% of the initial methanogenic population survived oxic desiccation. This relatively good resistance is in agreement with observations that methanogens in rice fields survive the periods when the paddy soil is dry and oxic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1993.tb00022.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rapid and sensitive ion chromatographic technique for the determination of sulfate and sulfate reduction rates in freshwater lake sediments (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 8 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1991.tb01705.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of methylmercaptan and dimethylsulfide from methoxylated aromatic compounds in anoxic marine and fresh water sediments (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 7 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1990.tb01696.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria in cold marine sediment (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sulfate reduction was measured with the 35SO42− -tracer technique in slurries of sediment from Aarhus Bay, Denmark, where seasonal temperatures range from 0° to 15°C. The incubations were made at temperatures from 0°C to 80°C in temperature increments of 2°C to search for presence of psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria. Detectable activity was initially only in the mesophilic range, but after a lag phase sulfate reduction by thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria were observed. No distinct activity of psychrophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria was detected. Time course experiments showed constant sulfate reduction rates at 4°C and 30°C, whereas the activity at 60°C increased exponentially after a lag period of one day. Thermophilic, endospore-forming sulfate-reducing bacteria, designated strain P60, were isolated and characterized as D esulfotomaculum kuznetsovii. The temperature response of growth and respiration of strain P60 agreed well with the measured sulfate reduction at 50°–70°C. Bacteria similar to strain P60 could thus be responsible for the measured thermophilic activity. The viable population of thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria and the density of their spores was determined in most probable number (MPN) dilutions. The density was 2.8·104 cells·.g−1 fresh sediment, and the enumerations suggested that they were all present as spores. This result agrees well with the observed lag period in sulfate reduction above 50°C. No environment with temperatures supporting the growth of these thermophiles is known in the region around Aarhus Bay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1994.tb00084.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial sulfate reduction in littoral sediment of Lake Constance (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 8 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1991.tb01706.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfate-reducing bacteria in littoral sediment of Lake Constance (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 8 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1991.tb01707.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of tetrathionate and thiosulfate in natural samples and microbial cultures by a new, fast and sensitive ion chromatographic technique (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 12 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new isocratic ion chromatographic technique is described for the sensitive measurement of tetrathionate, trithionate and thiosulfate. The sulfur oxyanions were separated on a polymer-coated, silica-based anion exchange column and directly detected by UV absorption at 216 nm. Aqueous saline acetonitrile/methanol mixtures were used as eluent. The three anions could be quantified in less than 10 min with detection limits of about 0.6 pmol for tetrathionate and of 40 and 10 pmol for trithionate and thiosulfate, respectively. The retention times of tetrathionate responded to changes of the solvent concentration, whereas the elution of thiosulfate depended predominatly on the ionic strenght of the eluent. Starting at the lowest detectable concentrations, calibration curves for all three compounds were linear over a concentration range of three orders of magnitude. The analysis of freshwater and saline samples worked equally well. Since contact of the eluent with metallic components caused shifts in retention times during operation, the solvent delivery system had to consist of plastic material. Examples of applicaton are given for determination of tetrathionate and thiosulfate in natural samples and for the turnover of these two compounds in sediment slurries and anaerobic enrichment cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1993.tb00038.x
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