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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Temperature Superconductors by Crystallization of Rapidly Quenched Glasses (1993)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 137-139 (Aug. 1993), p. 303-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/00/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.137-139.303.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental and Chemical Durability of High-Temperature Superconductors (1993)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 137-139 (Aug. 1993), p. 165-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/00/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.137-139.165.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glass-derived superconducting ceramics with zero resistance at 107 K in the Bi1.5Pb0.5Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox system (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 1572-1574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A melt of composition Bi1.5Pb0.5Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox was fast quenched to form a glass. This was subsequently air annealed and the influence of annealing time and temperature on the formation of various crystalline phases was investigated. X-ray powder diffraction indicated that none of the resulting samples were single phase. However, for an annealing temperature of 840 °C, the volume fraction of the high Tc phase (isostructural with Bi2 Sr2 Ca2 Cu3O10 ) increased with annealing time. A specimen annealed at this temperature for 243 h followed by slow cooling showed a sharp transition [ΔTc (10–90%) ∼2 K] and Tc (R=0)=107.2 K. To our knowledge, this is the highest Tc yet reported for any superconductor prepared via the glass route.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102308
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High Tc screen-printed YBa2Cu3O7−x films: Effect of the substrate material (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 603-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thick films of YBa2Cu3O7−x have been deposited on highly polished alumina, magnesia spinel, nickel aluminum titanate (Ni-Al-Ti), and barium tetratitanate (Ba-Ti) substrates by the screen printing technique. They were baked at 1000 °C for 15 min, oxygen annealed at a lower temperature, and characterized by electrical resistivity measurements, x-ray diffraction, and optical and scanning electron microscopy. Properties of the films were found to be highly sensitive to the choice of the substrate material. The film on Ba-Ti turned green after firing, due to a reaction with the substrate and were insulating. A film on Ni-Al-Ti had a Tc (onset) ∼95 K and lost 90% of its resistance by ∼75 K. However, even at 4 K it was not fully superconducting, possibly due to a reaction between the film and the substrate and interdiffusion of the reaction products. The film on alumina had Tc (onset) ∼96 K, Tc (zero) ∼66 K, and ΔTc (10–90%) ∼10 K. Our best film was obtained on spinel and had Tc (onset) ∼94 K, zero resistance at 81 K, and a transition width (10–90%) of ∼7 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100632
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical durability of high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−x in aqueous environments (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 323-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The stability of YBa2Cu3O7−x in water and 100% humidity has been investigated at three temperatures using pH measurements, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The oxide-ceramic superconductor is highly unstable and reacts rapidly with water and also degrades in moisture. Dissolution of the oxide perovskite in water is highly incongruent. The corrosion products are found to be BaCO3, CuO, O2, etc. Barium hydroxide is first formed which further reacts with atmospheric CO2 to form needle-shaped crystals of BaCO3. For any practical applications, devices made from these materials would have to be protected with an impermeable coating to prevent deterioration from atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99481
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Upper Temperature Limit of Environmental Barrier Coatings Based on Mullite and BSAS (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Current state-of-the-art environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) for Si-based ceramics consist of three layers: a silicon bond coat, an intermediate mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) or mullite + BSAS ((1−x)BaO·xSrO·Al2O3·2SiO2, 0 ≤x≤ 1) layer, and a BSAS top coat. Areas of concern for long-term durability are environmental durability, chemical compatibility, volatility, phase stability, and thermal conductivity. Variants of this family of EBC were applied onto monolithic SiC and melt-infiltrated SiC/SiC composites. Reaction between BSAS and silica results in a low-melting (∼1300°C) glass, which can cause the spallation of the EBC. At temperatures greater than ∼1400°C BSAS suffers significant recession via volatilization in water-vapor-containing atmospheres. Both reactions can be EBC life-limiting factors. BSAS undergoes a very sluggish phase transformation (hexagonal celsian to monoclinic celsian), the implications of which are not fully understood at this point. Initial rapid increase in thermal conductivity at temperatures as low as 1300°C indicates the sintering of EBC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03466.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconducting Bi1.5Pb0.5Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox ceramics by rapid melt quenching and glass crystallization (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 1143-1150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A glass of nominal Bi1.5Pb0.5Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox composition, prepared by rapid quenching of the melt, showed a glass transition temperature of 383 °C, crystallization temperature of 446 °C, melting temperature of 855 °C, and bulk density of 5.69 g/cm3 in air. The activation energy for crystallization of the glass has been estimated to be 292 kJ/mol from nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry. On heating in oxygen, the glass showed a slow and continuous weight gain starting at 530 °C which reached a plateau at 820 °C. The weight gained during heating was retained on cooling to ambient conditions indicating an irreversible oxidation step. The influence of annealing conditions on the formation of various phases in the glass has been investigated. The Bi2Sr2Ca0Cu1O6 phase crystallized out first followed by formation of other phases at higher temperatures. The high-Tc phase, isostructural with Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10, was not detected below 840 °C, but its fraction increased with the annealing time at 840 °C. A sample annealed at 840 °C for 243 h in air and furnace cooled showed the highest Tc(R=0) of 107.2 K and a narrow transition width, ΔTc (10%–90%), of 2 K. The high-Tc phase does not seem to crystallize out directly from the glass but is rather produced at high temperature by reaction between the phases formed at lower temperatures. The kinetics of 110-K phase formation was sluggish. It appears that the presence of lead helps in the formation and/or stabilization of the 110-K phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346709
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of fluoride doping on the transition temperature of YBa2Cu3O6.5+δ (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 838-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of fluoride doping on the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, of YBa2Cu3O6.5+δ has been investigated. Samples of nominal composition YBa2Cu3FxO6.5+δ−0.5x were synthesized where x was varied by two orders of magnitude from 0.0165 to 1.65. Tc systematically increased with x, reached a maximum of 93.4 K (midpoint) for x=0.066 and then dropped for higher concentrations. The sharpest transition, ΔTc(10–90%)=0.7±0.1 K, coincided with a maximum in Tc. From powder x-ray diffraction measurements, samples with x≤0.066 were found to be single phase perovskite whereas those with x≥0.165 also contained BaF2, CuO, and an unknown phase. Although we find no evidence for the very high Tc's reported by S. R. Ovshinsky, R. T. Young, D. D. Allred, G. DeMaggio, and G. A. Van der Leeden [Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2579 (1987)], our results do indicate that the effect of fluorine is qualitatively different from that produced by other dopants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99301
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman Study of Hi-Nicalon-Fiber-Reinforced Celsian Composites: I, Distribution and Nanostructure of Different Phases (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Hi-Nicalon-fiber-reinforced celsian-matrix composites were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and imaging, using several laser wavelengths. Composite 1 was reinforced by as-received fibers while coatings of p-BN and SiC protected the fibers in composite 2. The matrix contained traces of the hexagonal phase of celsian, which was concentrated in the neighborhood of fibers in composite 1. Some free silicon was evident in the coating of composite 2 which might have involved a {BN + SiC → BNC + Si}“reaction” at the p-BN/SiC interface. Careful analysis of C–C peaks revealed no abnormal degradation of the fiber core in the composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00800.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman Study of Hi-Nicalon-Fiber-Reinforced Celsian Composites: II, Residual Stress in Fibers (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Band shifts in Raman spectra were used to assess, on a microscopic scale, the residual strain existing in Hi-Nicalon silicon carbide fibers reinforcing celsian-matrix composites. Uncoated as well as p-BN/SiC-coated and p-B(Si)N/SiC-coated Hi-Nicalon fibers were used as the reinforcements. We unambiguously conclude that the fibers were in a state of compressive residual stress. Quantitative determination of the residual stress was made possible by taking into account the heating induced by laser probing and by using a reference line, of fixed wavenumber. We found fiber compressive residual stress values between 110 and 960 MPa, depending on the fiber/matrix coating in the composite. A stress relaxation-like phenomenon was observed at the surface of p-BN/SiC-coated Hi-Nicalon fibers whereas the uncoated or p-B(Si)N/SiC-coated Hi-Nicalon fibers did not show any stress relaxation in the celsian-matrix composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00801.x
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