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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intramolecular charge transfer complexes (1983)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 9 (1983), S. 577-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The copolymerization mechanism and the complexation properties of the copolymers of 9-anthrylmethylmethacrylate with acryloyl- β-hydroxyethyl-3.5-dinitrobenzoate and acryloyl-6-hydroxyhexyl-3.5-dinitrobenzoate are presented. The degree of complexation was found to increase by decreasing the difference between the side chain lengths and by increasing the flexibility of the main chain. The strength of complexation was estimated by considering the dependence of the chemical shifts of the aromatic protons on copolymer composition.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307881
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Alternating copolymerization of ethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate with styrene in the presence of ZnCl2 (1983)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 10 (1983), S. 497-503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The bulk copolymerization of ethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate with styrene, at 50 °C, in presence of ZnCl2 was investigated. The complexing agent determines the formation of copolymers with high alternating tendency, as proved by the composition of the copolymers and by the distribution of the diads.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00285367
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intramolecular charge transfer complexes (1983)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 9 (1983), S. 537-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Summary The photoconductivity was studied on donor-acceptor copolymers of various compositions. The measurements were carried out on pellet samples in which the charge carriers were continuously injected by a shallow illumination with a xenon lamp. It was found that the photoconductivity decreases with the acceptor unit content increase, two relative maxima being however evidenced at 25–35% and 60–70% respectively. It was supposed that the two maxima are due to the dependence of the drift mobility on the copolymer composition. It was observed that the polarity of voltage applied across the samples has a minor effect on the conductivity measurements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265241
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of unsaturated end groups in low molecular weight poly(vinyl chloride) by 1H NMR spectroscopy of the hydroxyphenyl substituted product (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 2667-2674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Poly(vinyl chloride) of low molecular weight (the fraction extracted with a hexane/acetone mixture (vol.-ratio 3:2)) was substituted by hydroxyphenyl groups and then analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. It was established that the 1H NMR spectra of hydroxyphenyl substituted poly(vinyl chloride) prepared by removal of HCl, allows to determine the number of unsaturated end groups and to distinguish between the structures —CHCl—CH2—CH=CH—CH2Cl and —CH2—CHCl—CH=CH—CH2Cl, and even between their trans and cis forms. In addition the 1H NMR spectra of hydroxyphenyl substituted poly(vinyl chloride) prepared without removal of HCl allow to determine the total number of unsaturated end groups.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021831105
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Polymers with tertiary amino groups obtained by the reaction between chloromethylated polystyrene and 3-alkylaminopropionitrile (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 9-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Polymers with tertiary amino groups were obtained by reaction of chloromethylated polystyrene (CMPS) with 3-alkylaminopropionitriles (2a  -  e). The resulting polymers 3a  -  e were characterized by elemental analyses, IR and 1H NMR spectra. Kinetic investigation showed that the reaction is characterized by two rate constants, the rate change taking place at a conversion of 45-50%. Viscosimetric studies of the hydrochlorides of polymers 3a  -  e in water and methanol showed that they behave as polyelectrolytes only in methanol. The abnormal behaviour of water solutions was explained by hydrolysis reaction. To prove the conclusions on the molecular structures of 3a  -  e and the reactivity of CMPS, a study of the reaction of benzyl chloride with the same amines was performed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870102
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reactions on polymers with amine groups. I. Reactions of vinylpridine polymers and of their model compounds with unsaturated carboxylic acids (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 389-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): chemically modified polymers ; addition reactions ; carboxybetaines ; proton magnetic resonance ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The reactions of vinylpyridine polymers with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, cinnamic, fumaric, and maleic acids were studied. It was found that, when reacted with acrylic, itaconic and fumaric acids. poly(4-vinylpyridine) gave macromolecular betaine products while with maleic acid, betaine as well as the corresponding salt was obtained. Poly(2-vinylpyridine) reacted with the same acids as poly(4-vinylpyridine) gave only the salts. No significant changes were observed with the two polymers when reacted with methacrylic, crotonic, and cinnamic acids. To attempt to rationalize these observations with the two macromolecular tertiary amines, the reactions of 4-methyl and 2-methylpyridines with the same carboxylic acids were investigated. The 1H-NMR methodology was generally applied to elucidate the chemical structure obtained. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1995.080330306
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the copolymerization model and microstructure of methyl acrylate - styrene radical copolymer. Influence of ZnCl2 (1986)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24 (1986), S. 851-860 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Bulk radical copolymerization of methyl acrylate (MeA, M1) with styrene (St, M2) in presence and absence of ZnCl2 as complexing agent was studied. 1H-NMR spectra were used to establish copolymer composition and sequence distribution. The methoxy group signal was observed to be split due to pentads, but the analysis of sequence distribution is possible only at triad level. Both composition and sequence distribution data confirmed that bulk radical copolymerization respects quite well the terminal addition model; the values of r1 = 0.14 ± 0.02 (from composition data) and r1 = 0.25 ± 0.03 (from sequence distribution data) and r2 = 0.83 ± 0.10 (from composition data) were found. The presence of ZnCl2 increases the probability of alternating addition, e.g., for [ZnCl2]/[MeA] = 0.2, r1 = 0.03 ± 0.02 and r2 = 0.17 ± 0.03. The radical copolymer obtained in bulk in the absence of ZnCl2 presents a coisotactic configuration with σ = 0.75 ± 0.03, but the presence of the complexing agent reduces the probability of coisotactic addition, e.g., for [ZnCl2]/[MeA] = 0.2, σ = 0.52 ± 0.03.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080240504
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reactions on polymers with amine groups. III. Description of the addition reaction of pyridine and imidazole compounds with α,β-unsaturated monocarboxylic acids (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 261-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): chemically modified polymers ; addition reactions ; carboxybetaines ; reaction mechanisms and kinetics ; pyridines ; imidazoles ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A detailed study of the synthesis of betaine products that result from addition reactions of poly (4-vinylpyridine) and poly (N-vinylimidazole) as well as of their model compounds, with α,β-unsaturated monocarboxylic acids is presented. A reaction mechanism based on experimental observations and proved by kinetic analysis is proposed. It consists of two reactions: the addition, which involves two molecules of acid and leads to X+B--like structures, where the cation X+ results from the addition of the amino nitrogen to the double bond of acid and B- is the carboxyl anion, and an equilibrium reaction between X+B- and the betaine structure X±. The latter occurs only in protic solvents and is coupled with the addition reaction. The process was especially investigated in methanol, because this solvent allows determination of the kinetic parameters. Some values of the addition rate constants are given. The study is based on 1H-NMR measurements and observations. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reactions on polymers with amine groups. V. Addition of pyridine and imidazole groups with acetylenecarboxylic acids (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 1615-1623 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): chemically modified polymers ; addition reactions ; unsaturated betaines ; reaction kinetics ; pyridine ; imidazole ; photocrosslinking polymers ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Unsaturated macromolecular carboxybetaines were obtained by reaction of poly(4-vinylpyridine) and poly(N-vinylimidazole) with propiolic acid. A kinetic model was presented for 4-methylpyridine. It consists of three coupled reactions: neutralization, addition which involves two molecules of acid and leads to a cation-anion pair structure, where the cation results from the addition of the amine nitrogen to the triple bond of acid, and an equilibrium reaction between the ion-pair structure and the betaine structure. The addition rate was found to be higher for poly(4-vinylpyridine) than for poly(N-vinylimidazole); it was also higher in water than in a water-methanol mixture. The reaction with acetylenedicarboxylic acid was carried out on poly(N-vinylimidazole), but the transformed units showed the structure that results from propiolic acid. The betaine products from 4-methylpyridine did not polymerize by radical initiation. The polymeric products show characteristics of photocrosslinking polymers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 1615-1623, 1998
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thermal and radical polymerization of anthracene acrylates and methacrylatesPart 5 of “Vinyl polymers with aromatic substituents.” For Part 4, see ref. 4. (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 23 (1985), S. 2089-2098 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The thermal and radical-induced polymerizations of 9-anthrylmethyl acrylate (I), 9-anthrylmethyl methacrylate (II), 1′-(9-anthryl)ethyl acrylate (III), and 1′-(9-anthryl)ethyl methacrylate (IV) have been studied. It was found that the radical-induced polymerization takes place for the methacrylates only, while thermal polymerization leads to polymers for both types of monomers and takes place by Diels-Alder cycloaddition in the case of acrylates, and by both normal enchainment and Diels-Alder cycloaddition in the case of methacrylates.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.170230802
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