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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethanol synthesis and loss from flooded roots of Medicago sativa L. and Lotus corniculatus L. (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 7 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Field flooding of established alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) for up to 12 d resulted in a significant increase in alcohol dehydrogenase activity (ADH) and an increase in the Km of ADH in both species. Root concentration of ethanol increased throughout the flooding regime in alfalfa roots. No ethanol was detected in any trefoil root samples. Alfalfa plants which had shoots removed 5 d prior to flooding accumulated significantly higher levels of root ethanol and showed flooding injury sooner, indicating a significant effect of shoots on development of flooding injury.Alfalfa and trefoil plants grown in the greenhouse were flooded and ethanol in the transpiration effluent was trapped and measured. Alfalfa transpired measurable quantities of ethanol which peaked just prior to development of shoot injury symptoms. No ethanol was detected in the transpiration effluent from trefoil shoots. Flooded roots of both alfalfa and trefoil excreted ethanol but alfalfa roots synthesized more total ethanol and retained a larger proportion in the roots than did trefoil.While the ethanol accumulation response in alfalfa and trefoil are consistent with the ethanol ‘self-poisoning’ hypothesis of flooding injury, the very small quantities of ethanol found in these roots still raises questions as to its absolute effect in the plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11614629
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supply and partitioning of assimilates to roots of Medicago sativa L. and Lotus corniculatus L. under anoxia (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 10 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A current explanation of the mechanism of flooding injury to roots suggests that oxygen deficiency depresses the supply of respirable carbohydrates sufficiently to inhibit fermentation. However, even though it has been shown that phloem transport of assimilate is sharply reduced to anaerobic roots, inhibition of assimilate metabolism has also been suggested to be an important factor. This study examines these hypotheses by relating assimilate supply and metabolic activity in anoxic roots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), a flood-intolerant species, and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), a flood-tolerant plant. Roots were made anoxic (severe O2 deficiency) for 2, 4 or 6 d and shoots were labelled with 14CO2. Assimilate transport to the roots and metabolism to structural components were significantly decreased in both species in response to anoxia. Trefoil exhibited significantly greater 14C incorporation into the residue fraction at 4 d anoxia than did alfalfa, and this was consistent with the greater flooding tolerance of trefoil. When assimilate supply to O2-deficient roots was decreased by shoot shading, shoot fresh weight was reduced by both anoxia and light treatments. Root-soluble sugars were significantly decreased by shading but were greatly increased in response to anoxia. Root starch concentration also increased under anoxia. Root K+ concentration was reduced by anoxia only. The energy status (ATP/ADP) of roots was significantly decreased by shading; however, anoxia reduced the energy status only in unshaded plants. The data indicate that carbohydrate supply to anaerobic roots does not appear to be a limiting factor in the metabolic response of alfalfa roots. Alternatively, metabolism of assimilate in anoxic roots may be an important determinant of survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11602103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoaffinity labelling of 23 S RNA at the donor-site of the Escherichia coli ribosome
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 56 (1975), S. 170-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: BP-Phe-tRNA ; p-benzophenone-propionylphenylalanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid.
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(75)80134-7
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated analytical scheme for the development of an atactic polypropylene-based olefin-polymer producing technology
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 241 (1982), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021-9673(00)82396-1
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Part of the 23S RNA located in the 11S RNA fragment is a constituent of the ribosomal peptidyltransferase centre
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 163 (1983), S. 319-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: 23S RNA ; Benzophenone derivative ; Cross-link ; E. coli ribosome ; Peptidyltransferase ; Photoaffinity labelling
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(83)80844-8
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport and Distribution of 14CO2 Assimilate in Lolium perenne in Response to Varying Nitrogen Supply to Halves of a Divided Root System (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 38 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The movement of 14C assimilate from shoots to roots and its subsequent metabolism in the root of Lolium perenne L. was studied using variable N nutrition supplied to halves of a divided root system. Half of the N-deficient root system was supplied with either high NO3-N or high NH4-N for 16 hours or 6 days before 14CO2 labeling of the shoots.The distribution of 14C in sugars, ethanol-soluble nitrogen and organic acids in roots appeared to be related to the N content of the tissue. Supply of high NO3-N for 6 days resulted in significant internal translocation of N into the low N supplied root half. Both root halves also had similar patterns of 14C distribution among soluble and insoluble metabolites. However, NH4-N supply for 6 days did not result in a significant increase of N in the low N supplied roots, thus only the high NH4-N supplied roots displayed stimulated sugar metabolism, similar to that in both root halves in the high NO3-N supply treatment.Percent transport of 14C assimilates from shoot to root was influenced by form and level of N supplied to root halves. Root halves supplied with either high N source for 6 days accumulated greater amounts of 14C assimilate than the corresponding low N root half. However NH4-N supply appeared to make roots stronger sinks since NH4 supply resulted in significantly greater 14C accumulation in both the high NH4 supplied and the low N root halves than did NO3-N supply in corresponding root halves.The data suggest that factors other than root metabolism, such as N mediated metabolism in the shoot, may also influence the percent transport of assimilates to the root. Internal distribution of the incoming assimilate within the root system could be regulated by the metabolic activity or assimilate demand of the roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1976.tb04856.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake and Transport of Calcium and Phosphorus in Lolium perenne in Response to N Supplied to Halves of a Divided Root System (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 39 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The uptake and transport of Ca2+ and HPO42− from roots of Lolium perenne L. was studied using variable N nutrition supplied to halves of a divided root system. Plants were grown for 4 weeks in solution containing 0.11 mM NO3−–N; then one-half of the root system was supplied with either 4.0 mM NO3−–N or 0.28 mM NH4+–N while the other half of the root system remained in low-N solution.Uptake and transport of Ca2+ increased and uptake of HPO42− declined in root halves supplied with high NO3−–N for 16 h. After supply of high NO3−–N or NH4+–N to half the root system for 6 days, the roots supplied with high-N exhibited significantly higher rates of uptake and percentage transport to shoots of both Ca2+ and HPO42−–. However, in neither the 16-h nor 6-day treatment did Ca2+ or HPO42− uptake of the root half supplied with low N differ significantly from the control (low N supplied to both halves of the root).Significantly higher N concentrations were found in low-N supplied roots (compared to the control) as a result of internal translocation of N from high-N supplied roots to low-N supplied roots. Although N concentration in the low-N supplied roots increased, uptake rates of Ca2+ or HPO42− did not change implying that external N concentration may be the important factor which influences or governs N mediated uptake responses. This would further suggest that the site of uptake regulation for Ca2+ and HPO42− exists on the outer plasma membrane which is in direct contact with the external solution.Transport of Ca2+ and HPO42− to the shoot was generally increased in low-N root halves after 6 days of high-N supply to the other half of the root. This implies that plant growth demand may be a major factor in regulating rates of Ca2+ and HPO42− transport from roots to the shoot. It also reinforces the hypothesis that uptake and transport of ions out of the root are separately controlled or regulated in the plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04038.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic response of Medicago sativa L. and Lotus corniculatus L roots to anoxia (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 9 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Differential rates of fermentation and energy production have been implicated in the response of plant species to extended root anoxia. This study describes the metabolic response to anaerobiosis of waterlogging-tolerant birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and waterlogging-sensitive alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Studies were carried out on glasshouse-grown plants subjected to root anaerobiosis in nutrient solution. Rate of fermentation, as estimated by CO2 evolution, declined significantly upon anaerobiosis in both species but was proportionally less, relative to the aerobic control, in trefoil. Another indicator of carbon flux through glycolysis, the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate, was also significantly lower in trefoil roots relative to aerobic controls. Both species showed significantly increased root exudation of K+, sugars and andno-N, especially during the first 2 d of root anaerobiosis, indicating changes in membrane selective permeability.The energy status of roots subjected to anaerobiosis declined sharply in both species but trefoil roots maintained higher ATP/ADP ratios for up to 4 d of anaerobiosis. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that increased fermentation activity maintains a more favourable root energy status. This higher energy status may facilitate survival by maintaining crucial root activities, such as maintenance of membrane stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1986.tb01575.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of T-DNA insertions into the tobacco genome (1988)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 7 (1988), S. 571-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genetic test was performed on seeds from 283 transgenic tobacco plants obtained by T-DNA transformation. Seeds from self-fertilized transgenic plants were germinated on kanamycin-containing medium, and the percentage of seeds which germinated, as well as the ratio of kanamycin-resistant to kanamycin-sensitive seedlings were scored. Nine categories of transformants could be distinguished according to the number of loci into which T-DNA had inserted, and according to the effects of T-DNA integration on seed or seedling development. In most of the plants, T-DNA was inserted into a single site; others contained multiple independent copies of T-DNA. The number of T-DNA integration sites was found to be independent of whether a binary vector system or a cointegrate Ti plasmid had been used to obtain the transgenic plant. Loss of marker genes or marker gene expression from generation to generation appeared to be a quite frequent event. Plants which appeared to be insertional recessive embryo-lethal mutants did not exhibit this trait in the next generation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272760
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