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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multiple regression model for blood lactate removal in man (1979)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 380 (1979), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Lactate ; Muscle fibers ; Recovery exercise ; Bicycle ergometer ; Women
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After exercise the lactate (La) removal from blood occurs significantly faster during moderate exercise than at rest. However, under both conditions there are considerable inter-individual differences in La removal. These differences in man may depend on the slow-twitch (ST) fiber content of muscle (X1), the La concentration in blood (X2), and the intensity of the recovery exercise (X3). Therefore, multiple regression models were obtained to describe La removal rates with these variables. In 10 women La concentrations were increased via a 6 min bicycle ergometer ride (87%VO2 max) and blood La concentrations were measured every 5 min during 20 min resting and active recovery periods (29–49%VO2 max). For resting recovery only the initial La concentration after the 6 min exercise provided a significant description for La removal in 8 subjects (P=0.03). However, for the active recovery a highly significant description for La removal was obtained: La removal rate (mM/l · min)=0.773×10−2X1+0.321×10−1X2−0.120×10−1X3+0.202 (R=0.91;P=0.01). The statistical independence (P〉0.10) of each of these variables in the model suggests that each is contributing uniquely to the total removal rate of La observed during an active recovery period. The relationship between La removal and %ST fibers may be related to the metabolic and anatomical features of these fibers, the La concentration probably reflects the significance of the mass action effect of La, and the intensity of exercise reflects the role of the muscle's metabolic rate. The present results illustrate that the removal of blood lactate is influenced by the interactive effects of the intensity of the recovery exercise, blood lactate concentration and the ST fiber content of muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582897
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of intermediary metabolism in the maintenance of proton and charge balance during exercise (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 77 (1987), S. 37-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: metabolism ; pH ; protons ; charge ; skeletal muscle ; exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to examine the role of intermediary metabolism in the maintenance of proton and charge balance in rainbow trout white muscle during exercise. With increasing power outputs, there was a greater reliance on white fibers and anaerobic processes for energy production. Glycogen content declined from a pre-exercise (pre-ex) level of 23 to less than 1 µmol/g following the exhaustive swim, with its greatest rate of decline occurring during the burst swim. Lactate accumulation reached a maximum of 43 µmol/g during the exhaustive swim. PCr declined from about 20 to less than 2 µmol/g at exhaustion with a concomitant accumulation of Cr. ATP decreased from about 7.3 to 2.7 µmol/g while inorganic phosphate and IMP increased to about 56 and 4.3 µmol/g, respectively. The intramuscular pH fell from 6.97 to 6.93 during the sustained swim, declining further to 6.65 during the burst swim and reaching a minimum of 6.56 at exhaustion. Exercise induced depletions of high energy compounds and accumulations of metabolic end products nearly stabilized the accompaning intracellular perturbations in charge and proton levels. Compensatory shifts in Na+, K− and Cl− served to negate the residual imbalances such that electrical neutrality, membrane potential and pH were preserved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230149
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are indices of free radical damage related to exercise intensity (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 56 (1987), S. 313-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Fatigue ; Free radicals ; Lipid peroxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possibility that plasma levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) are altered by exercise has been examined. The presence of MDA has been recognized to reflect peroxidation of lipids resulting from reactions with free radicals. Maximal exercise, eliciting 100% of maximal oxygen consumption ( $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{ 2 max}}} } $$ ) resulted in a 26% increase in plasma MDA (P〈0.005). Short periods of intermittent exercise, the intensity of which was varied, indicated a correlation between lactate and MDA (r 2=0.51) (p〈0.001). Blood lactate concentrations increased throughout this exercise regimen. A significant decrease (10.3%) in plasma MDA occurred at 40% $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{ 2 max}}} } $$ . At 70% $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{ 2 max}}} } $$ plasma MDA was still below resting values, however the trend to an increase in MDA with exercise intensity was evident. At exhaustion, plasma MDA and lactate were significantly greater than at rest. These results suggest, that exhaustive maximal exercise induces free radical generation while short periods of submaximal exercise (i.e. 〈70% $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{ 2 max}}} } $$ ) may inhibit it and lipid peroxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690898
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of exercise on the serum concentrations of FSH, LH, progesterone, and estradiol (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 42 (1979), S. 15-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Women ; Exercise ; Training ; Hormones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of 30 min of exercise (74.1±3.0% (VO2), on the responses of progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were investigated in 10 women. With such exercise significant increments occurred in P (37.6±9.5%) and E2 (13.5±7.5%) (p〈0.05), whereas no changes were observed in FSH and LH (p〉0.05). Exercise in the luteal phase and during menses provoked similar changes in P, but E2 concentrations remained unchanged when exercise occurred during menses (p〉0.05). With 8–11 weeks of training the menstrual cycles were quite irregular and retesting of subjects in the same phase of the cycle was not possible. Yet, when subjects were retested after training, no changes occurred in P, E2 or LH (p〉0.05) but a decrement did occur in FSH (p〈0.10). Thus, heavy exercise in untrained subjects provokes significant increments in ovarian hormones, whereas no such increments are observed in trained subjects exercising at the same absolute workload.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421100
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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