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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Visna ; Slow viral infection ; CSF ; Ultrastructure ; Myelin fractions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An electron microscopic examination was done on 8 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from Icelandic sheep infected by the intracerebral route with visna virus. The specimens were collected 1 month, 2 months, and 4 years after infection. A differential cell count done on low-power electron micrographs showed that the cellular exudate was composed of mononuclear cells mainly macrophages and lymphocytes with a few plasma cells. Macrophages were with one exception more numerous than lymphocytes and an increased proportion of macrophages showed evidence of phagocytosis with time after infection. Reactive lymphocytes were in general more numerous than small lymphocytes. Various stages in the maturation of plasma cells were observed. The cellular composition in the CSF is compatible with the view that visna is an immunopathological process. Myelin figures and fragments of myelinated axons were observed in two specimens indicating an active myelin-breakdown. The possibility that escape of myelin into the CSF may lead to sensitization to myelin antigens and perpetuation of this chronic neurologic affection is discussed. Visna virions could not be demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 724 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The effectiveness of three different growth media KDM-2, S-KDM and S-KDM-C for primary isolation of Renibacterium salmoninarum was examined over a 14-week incubation period. Kidney samples were taken from Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., broodfish returning to a sea ranch after 2 years at sea. Homogenized samples were inoculated onto two selective media, S-KDM supplemented with lamb serum and S-KDM-C supplemented with activated charcoal. The third medium was the non-selective serum supplemented KDM-2. Renibacterium salmoninarum was isolated from 112 samples on one or more of the media used. Of all positive samples, 91% were positive on S-KDM, 60% on S-KDM-C and 35% on KDM-2. These results demonstrate that selectivity significantly enhances the isolation capacity of the medium and that supplementing with serum is significantly more effective than supplementing with charcoal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 14 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Cultivation plates for the primary isolation of Renibacterium salmoninarum were incubated for 12 or more weeks over 3.5 years. The incubation time for sample of two groups of Atlantic salmon, Salmo solar L., broodfish on a selective agar medium is reported. Samples turned positive over a long time-span. but the longest incubation time recorded for growth of the bacterium was 19 week. In one group, 79% of all positive samples form fish with macroscopic signs of bacterial kidney disease were positive after 6 weeks of incubation and the highest incidence of positive samples occured during the sixth week. From covertly infected fish within the same group.42% of sample were positive after 6 weeks of incubation, and the highest incidence of positive sample occured during the sixth and the ninth weeks of incubation. The growth pattern of the bacterium at primary isolation was characterized by a prolonged lag phase followed by a relatively growth in one week from microscopic to macroscopic size of the colonies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 1239 kidney samples from four species of salmonid fish, Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., brown trout, Salmo trutta L., Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), were screened for Renibacterium salmoninarum using double-sandwich ELISA and bacterial isolation. For bacterial isolation, samples were homogenized, washed, plated onto S-KDM and incubated for 12 weeks. Samples for ELISA were kept frozen until tested. After thawing, 25% homogenates in PBS were heated at 100°C for 15 min in the presence (2.5% v/v) of HemoDe solvent (terpene and butylated hydroxyanisole) and then centrifuged. The supernatant was tested with polyclonal antibodies against whole bacterium in a double-sandwich ELISA. In seven out of 12 groups tested, all samples were negative in both tests. Positive ELISA results occurred in five groups. Renibacterium salmoninarum was isolated on SKDM from samples in four out of these five groups. The ELISA test gave significantly higher numbers of positive samples in three out of the four groups showing positive results in both tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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